Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Gopherus agassizii (Agassiz s desert tortoise)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.043AlaAla: 6.043 ± 0.032	1.368AlaCys: 1.368 ± 0.011	2.907AlaAsp: 2.907 ± 0.014	4.735AlaGlu: 4.735 ± 0.019	2.406AlaPhe: 2.406 ± 0.011	4.285AlaGly: 4.285 ± 0.019	1.419AlaHis: 1.419 ± 0.01	2.957AlaIle: 2.957 ± 0.014	3.611AlaLys: 3.611 ± 0.018	6.624AlaLeu: 6.624 ± 0.023	1.526AlaMet: 1.526 ± 0.009	2.208AlaAsn: 2.208 ± 0.012	3.348AlaPro: 3.348 ± 0.023	2.929AlaGln: 2.929 ± 0.017	3.165AlaArg: 3.165 ± 0.015	5.323AlaSer: 5.323 ± 0.018	3.385AlaThr: 3.385 ± 0.015	4.651AlaVal: 4.651 ± 0.02	0.732AlaTrp: 0.732 ± 0.007	1.526AlaTyr: 1.526 ± 0.01	0.005AlaXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Cys	1.231CysAla: 1.231 ± 0.011	0.661CysCys: 0.661 ± 0.008	1.052CysAsp: 1.052 ± 0.011	1.322CysGlu: 1.322 ± 0.012	0.893CysPhe: 0.893 ± 0.007	1.662CysGly: 1.662 ± 0.016	0.658CysHis: 0.658 ± 0.008	1.139CysIle: 1.139 ± 0.009	1.274CysLys: 1.274 ± 0.011	2.287CysLeu: 2.287 ± 0.016	0.466CysMet: 0.466 ± 0.005	0.88CysAsn: 0.88 ± 0.009	1.348CysPro: 1.348 ± 0.013	1.096CysGln: 1.096 ± 0.009	1.248CysArg: 1.248 ± 0.009	2.157CysSer: 2.157 ± 0.016	1.209CysThr: 1.209 ± 0.012	1.296CysVal: 1.296 ± 0.012	0.295CysTrp: 0.295 ± 0.004	0.635CysTyr: 0.635 ± 0.006	0.001CysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asp	2.78AspAla: 2.78 ± 0.014	1.123AspCys: 1.123 ± 0.012	2.644AspAsp: 2.644 ± 0.015	3.53AspGlu: 3.53 ± 0.017	2.109AspPhe: 2.109 ± 0.011	3.197AspGly: 3.197 ± 0.019	1.13AspHis: 1.13 ± 0.009	2.802AspIle: 2.802 ± 0.017	2.711AspLys: 2.711 ± 0.016	4.97AspLeu: 4.97 ± 0.02	1.175AspMet: 1.175 ± 0.007	1.87AspAsn: 1.87 ± 0.012	2.687AspPro: 2.687 ± 0.015	1.856AspGln: 1.856 ± 0.01	2.338AspArg: 2.338 ± 0.012	4.184AspSer: 4.184 ± 0.021	2.468AspThr: 2.468 ± 0.013	3.04AspVal: 3.04 ± 0.016	0.632AspTrp: 0.632 ± 0.007	1.569AspTyr: 1.569 ± 0.01	0.003AspXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Glu	4.712GluAla: 4.712 ± 0.023	1.529GluCys: 1.529 ± 0.019	4.247GluAsp: 4.247 ± 0.02	7.911GluGlu: 7.911 ± 0.04	2.106GluPhe: 2.106 ± 0.011	4.018GluGly: 4.018 ± 0.019	1.54GluHis: 1.54 ± 0.01	3.568GluIle: 3.568 ± 0.014	5.597GluLys: 5.597 ± 0.031	6.618GluLeu: 6.618 ± 0.03	1.826GluMet: 1.826 ± 0.01	3.402GluAsn: 3.402 ± 0.016	2.824GluPro: 2.824 ± 0.017	3.356GluGln: 3.356 ± 0.021	4.195GluArg: 4.195 ± 0.02	4.642GluSer: 4.642 ± 0.02	3.673GluThr: 3.673 ± 0.022	4.119GluVal: 4.119 ± 0.018	0.735GluTrp: 0.735 ± 0.006	1.728GluTyr: 1.728 ± 0.011	0.004GluXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Phe	2.048PheAla: 2.048 ± 0.013	0.965PheCys: 0.965 ± 0.009	1.721PheAsp: 1.721 ± 0.012	2.021PheGlu: 2.021 ± 0.011	1.626PhePhe: 1.626 ± 0.012	2.146PheGly: 2.146 ± 0.014	1.055PheHis: 1.055 ± 0.008	2.003PheIle: 2.003 ± 0.013	1.881PheLys: 1.881 ± 0.013	4.065PheLeu: 4.065 ± 0.019	0.802PheMet: 0.802 ± 0.007	1.492PheAsn: 1.492 ± 0.009	1.956PhePro: 1.956 ± 0.01	1.811PheGln: 1.811 ± 0.009	1.828PheArg: 1.828 ± 0.011	3.431PheSer: 3.431 ± 0.015	2.175PheThr: 2.175 ± 0.01	2.159PheVal: 2.159 ± 0.012	0.476PheTrp: 0.476 ± 0.005	1.227PheTyr: 1.227 ± 0.009	0.002PheXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Gly	3.898GlyAla: 3.898 ± 0.019	1.244GlyCys: 1.244 ± 0.011	2.966GlyAsp: 2.966 ± 0.015	4.072GlyGlu: 4.072 ± 0.023	2.367GlyPhe: 2.367 ± 0.013	4.271GlyGly: 4.271 ± 0.026	1.558GlyHis: 1.558 ± 0.012	2.961GlyIle: 2.961 ± 0.015	4.029GlyLys: 4.029 ± 0.02	5.31GlyLeu: 5.31 ± 0.027	1.358GlyMet: 1.358 ± 0.011	2.56GlyAsn: 2.56 ± 0.015	3.056GlyPro: 3.056 ± 0.035	2.664GlyGln: 2.664 ± 0.016	3.397GlyArg: 3.397 ± 0.017	5.435GlySer: 5.435 ± 0.024	3.488GlyThr: 3.488 ± 0.018	3.353GlyVal: 3.353 ± 0.016	0.817GlyTrp: 0.817 ± 0.009	1.804GlyTyr: 1.804 ± 0.011	0.008GlyXaa: 0.008 ± 0.001
His	1.313HisAla: 1.313 ± 0.008	0.752HisCys: 0.752 ± 0.007	0.899HisAsp: 0.899 ± 0.007	1.381HisGlu: 1.381 ± 0.009	1.089HisPhe: 1.089 ± 0.007	1.483HisGly: 1.483 ± 0.009	0.861HisHis: 0.861 ± 0.008	1.319HisIle: 1.319 ± 0.009	1.362HisLys: 1.362 ± 0.009	2.866HisLeu: 2.866 ± 0.015	0.594HisMet: 0.594 ± 0.006	0.955HisAsn: 0.955 ± 0.008	1.537HisPro: 1.537 ± 0.01	1.419HisGln: 1.419 ± 0.013	1.518HisArg: 1.518 ± 0.009	2.304HisSer: 2.304 ± 0.013	1.553HisThr: 1.553 ± 0.014	1.458HisVal: 1.458 ± 0.01	0.361HisTrp: 0.361 ± 0.005	0.852HisTyr: 0.852 ± 0.006	0.003HisXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Ile	2.866IleAla: 2.866 ± 0.012	1.195IleCys: 1.195 ± 0.01	2.248IleAsp: 2.248 ± 0.013	2.874IleGlu: 2.874 ± 0.014	2.023IlePhe: 2.023 ± 0.013	2.407IleGly: 2.407 ± 0.014	1.476IleHis: 1.476 ± 0.014	2.671IleIle: 2.671 ± 0.016	2.911IleLys: 2.911 ± 0.017	4.879IleLeu: 4.879 ± 0.022	1.077IleMet: 1.077 ± 0.008	2.147IleAsn: 2.147 ± 0.012	2.784IlePro: 2.784 ± 0.014	2.522IleGln: 2.522 ± 0.012	2.535IleArg: 2.535 ± 0.012	4.2IleSer: 4.2 ± 0.018	2.904IleThr: 2.904 ± 0.015	2.777IleVal: 2.777 ± 0.013	0.545IleTrp: 0.545 ± 0.006	1.522IleTyr: 1.522 ± 0.009	0.002IleXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Lys	3.934LysAla: 3.934 ± 0.018	1.278LysCys: 1.278 ± 0.011	3.303LysAsp: 3.303 ± 0.017	5.456LysGlu: 5.456 ± 0.028	1.804LysPhe: 1.804 ± 0.012	3.356LysGly: 3.356 ± 0.022	1.546LysHis: 1.546 ± 0.011	3.02LysIle: 3.02 ± 0.016	4.888LysLys: 4.888 ± 0.024	5.555LysLeu: 5.555 ± 0.025	1.551LysMet: 1.551 ± 0.011	2.66LysAsn: 2.66 ± 0.013	3.024LysPro: 3.024 ± 0.017	2.937LysGln: 2.937 ± 0.017	3.409LysArg: 3.409 ± 0.014	4.339LysSer: 4.339 ± 0.023	3.262LysThr: 3.262 ± 0.015	3.622LysVal: 3.622 ± 0.016	0.656LysTrp: 0.656 ± 0.007	1.72LysTyr: 1.72 ± 0.012	0.003LysXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Leu	6.413LeuAla: 6.413 ± 0.028	2.196LeuCys: 2.196 ± 0.014	4.764LeuAsp: 4.764 ± 0.02	7.236LeuGlu: 7.236 ± 0.032	3.522LeuPhe: 3.522 ± 0.017	5.338LeuGly: 5.338 ± 0.025	2.789LeuHis: 2.789 ± 0.014	4.268LeuIle: 4.268 ± 0.021	6.15LeuLys: 6.15 ± 0.025	10.377LeuLeu: 10.377 ± 0.037	2.072LeuMet: 2.072 ± 0.011	3.801LeuAsn: 3.801 ± 0.016	5.509LeuPro: 5.509 ± 0.025	5.874LeuGln: 5.874 ± 0.028	5.364LeuArg: 5.364 ± 0.023	8.026LeuSer: 8.026 ± 0.027	5.088LeuThr: 5.088 ± 0.018	5.34LeuVal: 5.34 ± 0.02	1.086LeuTrp: 1.086 ± 0.009	2.671LeuTyr: 2.671 ± 0.013	0.005LeuXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Met	1.796MetAla: 1.796 ± 0.01	0.441MetCys: 0.441 ± 0.006	1.305MetAsp: 1.305 ± 0.009	2.001MetGlu: 2.001 ± 0.012	0.802MetPhe: 0.802 ± 0.007	1.293MetGly: 1.293 ± 0.009	0.526MetHis: 0.526 ± 0.006	0.945MetIle: 0.945 ± 0.007	1.584MetLys: 1.584 ± 0.009	2.104MetLeu: 2.104 ± 0.011	0.593MetMet: 0.593 ± 0.006	0.999MetAsn: 0.999 ± 0.007	1.084MetPro: 1.084 ± 0.012	1.078MetGln: 1.078 ± 0.007	1.05MetArg: 1.05 ± 0.008	1.63MetSer: 1.63 ± 0.01	1.119MetThr: 1.119 ± 0.008	1.448MetVal: 1.448 ± 0.009	0.256MetTrp: 0.256 ± 0.004	0.648MetTyr: 0.648 ± 0.006	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	2.236AsnAla: 2.236 ± 0.011	0.947AsnCys: 0.947 ± 0.01	1.653AsnAsp: 1.653 ± 0.01	2.52AsnGlu: 2.52 ± 0.016	1.554AsnPhe: 1.554 ± 0.01	2.654AsnGly: 2.654 ± 0.017	1.026AsnHis: 1.026 ± 0.007	2.454AsnIle: 2.454 ± 0.012	2.508AsnLys: 2.508 ± 0.012	4.0AsnLeu: 4.0 ± 0.017	0.99AsnMet: 0.99 ± 0.008	1.77AsnAsn: 1.77 ± 0.013	2.266AsnPro: 2.266 ± 0.013	1.809AsnGln: 1.809 ± 0.011	1.983AsnArg: 1.983 ± 0.01	3.42AsnSer: 3.42 ± 0.014	2.202AsnThr: 2.202 ± 0.012	2.442AsnVal: 2.442 ± 0.013	0.494AsnTrp: 0.494 ± 0.005	1.248AsnTyr: 1.248 ± 0.008	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.144ProAla: 4.144 ± 0.026	1.116ProCys: 1.116 ± 0.012	2.608ProAsp: 2.608 ± 0.016	3.911ProGlu: 3.911 ± 0.017	1.863ProPhe: 1.863 ± 0.011	4.159ProGly: 4.159 ± 0.047	1.385ProHis: 1.385 ± 0.011	2.037ProIle: 2.037 ± 0.011	2.666ProLys: 2.666 ± 0.022	4.923ProLeu: 4.923 ± 0.02	1.022ProMet: 1.022 ± 0.008	1.858ProAsn: 1.858 ± 0.011	4.796ProPro: 4.796 ± 0.041	2.523ProGln: 2.523 ± 0.019	2.711ProArg: 2.711 ± 0.019	5.164ProSer: 5.164 ± 0.025	2.803ProThr: 2.803 ± 0.016	3.695ProVal: 3.695 ± 0.018	0.614ProTrp: 0.614 ± 0.006	1.573ProTyr: 1.573 ± 0.014	0.006ProXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Gln	3.229GlnAla: 3.229 ± 0.016	1.015GlnCys: 1.015 ± 0.01	2.279GlnAsp: 2.279 ± 0.011	3.913GlnGlu: 3.913 ± 0.021	1.456GlnPhe: 1.456 ± 0.008	2.683GlnGly: 2.683 ± 0.017	1.366GlnHis: 1.366 ± 0.009	2.23GlnIle: 2.23 ± 0.014	3.054GlnLys: 3.054 ± 0.014	4.838GlnLeu: 4.838 ± 0.021	1.172GlnMet: 1.172 ± 0.009	2.067GlnAsn: 2.067 ± 0.012	2.556GlnPro: 2.556 ± 0.019	3.193GlnGln: 3.193 ± 0.027	2.95GlnArg: 2.95 ± 0.015	3.384GlnSer: 3.384 ± 0.017	2.482GlnThr: 2.482 ± 0.013	2.774GlnVal: 2.774 ± 0.013	0.577GlnTrp: 0.577 ± 0.005	1.265GlnTyr: 1.265 ± 0.008	0.003GlnXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Arg	3.33ArgAla: 3.33 ± 0.017	1.188ArgCys: 1.188 ± 0.013	2.608ArgAsp: 2.608 ± 0.013	3.84ArgGlu: 3.84 ± 0.019	1.813ArgPhe: 1.813 ± 0.01	3.171ArgGly: 3.171 ± 0.02	1.484ArgHis: 1.484 ± 0.01	2.676ArgIle: 2.676 ± 0.015	3.69ArgLys: 3.69 ± 0.016	4.959ArgLeu: 4.959 ± 0.021	1.216ArgMet: 1.216 ± 0.008	2.196ArgAsn: 2.196 ± 0.012	2.776ArgPro: 2.776 ± 0.018	2.564ArgGln: 2.564 ± 0.013	3.821ArgArg: 3.821 ± 0.021	4.202ArgSer: 4.202 ± 0.029	2.768ArgThr: 2.768 ± 0.012	2.958ArgVal: 2.958 ± 0.013	0.66ArgTrp: 0.66 ± 0.006	1.499ArgTyr: 1.499 ± 0.01	0.005ArgXaa: 0.005 ± 0.0
Ser	5.264SerAla: 5.264 ± 0.018	1.921SerCys: 1.921 ± 0.014	4.033SerAsp: 4.033 ± 0.022	5.355SerGlu: 5.355 ± 0.025	3.214SerPhe: 3.214 ± 0.017	5.217SerGly: 5.217 ± 0.023	2.147SerHis: 2.147 ± 0.012	3.623SerIle: 3.623 ± 0.017	4.425SerLys: 4.425 ± 0.022	8.249SerLeu: 8.249 ± 0.025	1.719SerMet: 1.719 ± 0.01	3.059SerAsn: 3.059 ± 0.015	5.585SerPro: 5.585 ± 0.033	3.891SerGln: 3.891 ± 0.02	4.245SerArg: 4.245 ± 0.026	9.437SerSer: 9.437 ± 0.047	4.628SerThr: 4.628 ± 0.019	5.061SerVal: 5.061 ± 0.018	1.043SerTrp: 1.043 ± 0.009	2.189SerTyr: 2.189 ± 0.012	0.004SerXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Thr	3.749ThrAla: 3.749 ± 0.015	1.377ThrCys: 1.377 ± 0.015	2.685ThrAsp: 2.685 ± 0.014	3.804ThrGlu: 3.804 ± 0.02	2.11ThrPhe: 2.11 ± 0.013	3.612ThrGly: 3.612 ± 0.018	1.321ThrHis: 1.321 ± 0.009	2.639ThrIle: 2.639 ± 0.013	2.827ThrLys: 2.827 ± 0.013	5.248ThrLeu: 5.248 ± 0.019	1.156ThrMet: 1.156 ± 0.008	1.946ThrAsn: 1.946 ± 0.011	3.285ThrPro: 3.285 ± 0.021	2.295ThrGln: 2.295 ± 0.014	2.372ThrArg: 2.372 ± 0.01	4.742ThrSer: 4.742 ± 0.02	3.014ThrThr: 3.014 ± 0.025	3.934ThrVal: 3.934 ± 0.016	0.674ThrTrp: 0.674 ± 0.007	1.49ThrTyr: 1.49 ± 0.009	0.004ThrXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Val	3.95ValAla: 3.95 ± 0.017	1.509ValCys: 1.509 ± 0.015	2.871ValAsp: 2.871 ± 0.014	3.902ValGlu: 3.902 ± 0.018	2.381ValPhe: 2.381 ± 0.014	3.216ValGly: 3.216 ± 0.017	1.528ValHis: 1.528 ± 0.009	3.082ValIle: 3.082 ± 0.015	3.635ValLys: 3.635 ± 0.017	6.071ValLeu: 6.071 ± 0.021	1.397ValMet: 1.397 ± 0.008	2.469ValAsn: 2.469 ± 0.012	3.36ValPro: 3.36 ± 0.018	2.821ValGln: 2.821 ± 0.013	2.939ValArg: 2.939 ± 0.014	5.043ValSer: 5.043 ± 0.019	3.804ValThr: 3.804 ± 0.017	3.857ValVal: 3.857 ± 0.017	0.702ValTrp: 0.702 ± 0.006	1.724ValTyr: 1.724 ± 0.009	0.004ValXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Trp	0.734TrpAla: 0.734 ± 0.007	0.257TrpCys: 0.257 ± 0.004	0.664TrpAsp: 0.664 ± 0.006	0.791TrpGlu: 0.791 ± 0.008	0.437TrpPhe: 0.437 ± 0.005	0.727TrpGly: 0.727 ± 0.009	0.304TrpHis: 0.304 ± 0.004	0.616TrpIle: 0.616 ± 0.007	0.818TrpLys: 0.818 ± 0.007	1.209TrpLeu: 1.209 ± 0.009	0.328TrpMet: 0.328 ± 0.005	0.569TrpAsn: 0.569 ± 0.006	0.476TrpPro: 0.476 ± 0.005	0.546TrpGln: 0.546 ± 0.005	0.697TrpArg: 0.697 ± 0.006	0.883TrpSer: 0.883 ± 0.008	0.643TrpThr: 0.643 ± 0.007	0.696TrpVal: 0.696 ± 0.007	0.187TrpTrp: 0.187 ± 0.004	0.362TrpTyr: 0.362 ± 0.005	0.001TrpXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.476TyrAla: 1.476 ± 0.009	0.727TyrCys: 0.727 ± 0.006	1.362TyrAsp: 1.362 ± 0.009	1.772TyrGlu: 1.772 ± 0.013	1.311TyrPhe: 1.311 ± 0.009	1.713TyrGly: 1.713 ± 0.011	0.758TyrHis: 0.758 ± 0.007	1.553TyrIle: 1.553 ± 0.011	1.699TyrLys: 1.699 ± 0.016	2.731TyrLeu: 2.731 ± 0.015	0.659TyrMet: 0.659 ± 0.006	1.268TyrAsn: 1.268 ± 0.009	1.311TyrPro: 1.311 ± 0.01	1.298TyrGln: 1.298 ± 0.008	1.657TyrArg: 1.657 ± 0.012	2.359TyrSer: 2.359 ± 0.013	1.613TyrThr: 1.613 ± 0.011	1.582TyrVal: 1.582 ± 0.011	0.402TyrTrp: 0.402 ± 0.006	1.028TyrTyr: 1.028 ± 0.009	0.002TyrXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.007XaaAla: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.002XaaCys: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaGlu: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.002XaaPhe: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.007XaaGly: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.002XaaHis: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaLys: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.007XaaLeu: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaAsn: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.009XaaPro: 0.009 ± 0.001	0.002XaaGln: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.005XaaArg: 0.005 ± 0.0	0.005XaaSer: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.003XaaThr: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.003XaaVal: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.186XaaXaa: 0.186 ± 0.03

Statistics based on 31812 proteins (19797352 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

---