Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila simulans (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

AlaCysAspGluPheGlyHisIleLysLeuMetAsnProGlnArgSerThrValTrpTyrXaa
Ala
8.469AlaAla: 8.469 ± 0.084
1.183AlaCys: 1.183 ± 0.019
3.389AlaAsp: 3.389 ± 0.026
4.48AlaGlu: 4.48 ± 0.035
2.307AlaPhe: 2.307 ± 0.019
4.835AlaGly: 4.835 ± 0.038
1.712AlaHis: 1.712 ± 0.018
3.499AlaIle: 3.499 ± 0.026
4.088AlaLys: 4.088 ± 0.032
6.354AlaLeu: 6.354 ± 0.042
1.761AlaMet: 1.761 ± 0.017
3.198AlaAsn: 3.198 ± 0.025
4.127AlaPro: 4.127 ± 0.044
3.273AlaGln: 3.273 ± 0.024
3.359AlaArg: 3.359 ± 0.028
6.044AlaSer: 6.044 ± 0.047
4.753AlaThr: 4.753 ± 0.036
4.502AlaVal: 4.502 ± 0.028
0.614AlaTrp: 0.614 ± 0.011
1.788AlaTyr: 1.788 ± 0.019
0.004AlaXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Cys
1.223CysAla: 1.223 ± 0.017
0.533CysCys: 0.533 ± 0.013
1.047CysAsp: 1.047 ± 0.017
1.092CysGlu: 1.092 ± 0.017
0.747CysPhe: 0.747 ± 0.012
1.393CysGly: 1.393 ± 0.022
0.508CysHis: 0.508 ± 0.01
0.96CysIle: 0.96 ± 0.017
0.91CysLys: 0.91 ± 0.014
1.849CysLeu: 1.849 ± 0.022
0.413CysMet: 0.413 ± 0.009
0.846CysAsn: 0.846 ± 0.014
1.049CysPro: 1.049 ± 0.022
0.858CysGln: 0.858 ± 0.016
1.166CysArg: 1.166 ± 0.022
1.652CysSer: 1.652 ± 0.024
0.964CysThr: 0.964 ± 0.014
1.206CysVal: 1.206 ± 0.019
0.22CysTrp: 0.22 ± 0.006
0.564CysTyr: 0.564 ± 0.009
0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp
3.529AspAla: 3.529 ± 0.03
0.994AspCys: 0.994 ± 0.015
3.55AspAsp: 3.55 ± 0.038
4.128AspGlu: 4.128 ± 0.032
2.207AspPhe: 2.207 ± 0.02
3.055AspGly: 3.055 ± 0.027
1.12AspHis: 1.12 ± 0.013
2.793AspIle: 2.793 ± 0.023
2.591AspLys: 2.591 ± 0.027
4.784AspLeu: 4.784 ± 0.031
1.277AspMet: 1.277 ± 0.014
2.17AspAsn: 2.17 ± 0.023
2.409AspPro: 2.409 ± 0.023
1.984AspGln: 1.984 ± 0.018
2.506AspArg: 2.506 ± 0.026
3.878AspSer: 3.878 ± 0.034
2.404AspThr: 2.404 ± 0.02
3.279AspVal: 3.279 ± 0.024
0.625AspTrp: 0.625 ± 0.01
1.783AspTyr: 1.783 ± 0.021
0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu
4.379GluAla: 4.379 ± 0.029
1.123GluCys: 1.123 ± 0.019
3.933GluAsp: 3.933 ± 0.031
5.706GluGlu: 5.706 ± 0.073
2.183GluPhe: 2.183 ± 0.019
2.782GluGly: 2.782 ± 0.025
1.608GluHis: 1.608 ± 0.017
3.172GluIle: 3.172 ± 0.032
3.938GluLys: 3.938 ± 0.041
6.12GluLeu: 6.12 ± 0.047
1.581GluMet: 1.581 ± 0.016
2.847GluAsn: 2.847 ± 0.027
2.804GluPro: 2.804 ± 0.025
3.415GluGln: 3.415 ± 0.036
3.881GluArg: 3.881 ± 0.037
4.318GluSer: 4.318 ± 0.034
3.147GluThr: 3.147 ± 0.029
3.572GluVal: 3.572 ± 0.037
0.589GluTrp: 0.589 ± 0.01
1.727GluTyr: 1.727 ± 0.017
0.002GluXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Phe
2.422PheAla: 2.422 ± 0.022
0.772PheCys: 0.772 ± 0.013
2.044PheAsp: 2.044 ± 0.02
2.197PheGlu: 2.197 ± 0.022
1.535PhePhe: 1.535 ± 0.02
2.509PheGly: 2.509 ± 0.027
0.916PheHis: 0.916 ± 0.013
1.884PheIle: 1.884 ± 0.016
1.901PheLys: 1.901 ± 0.018
3.494PheLeu: 3.494 ± 0.032
0.925PheMet: 0.925 ± 0.014
1.719PheAsn: 1.719 ± 0.019
1.517PhePro: 1.517 ± 0.015
1.522PheGln: 1.522 ± 0.019
1.97PheArg: 1.97 ± 0.019
2.648PheSer: 2.648 ± 0.02
1.842PheThr: 1.842 ± 0.022
2.503PheVal: 2.503 ± 0.027
0.467PheTrp: 0.467 ± 0.009
1.334PheTyr: 1.334 ± 0.016
0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly
4.451GlyAla: 4.451 ± 0.039
1.104GlyCys: 1.104 ± 0.016
2.988GlyAsp: 2.988 ± 0.023
3.115GlyGlu: 3.115 ± 0.027
2.266GlyPhe: 2.266 ± 0.026
6.355GlyGly: 6.355 ± 0.093
1.681GlyHis: 1.681 ± 0.021
3.001GlyIle: 3.001 ± 0.028
3.127GlyLys: 3.127 ± 0.025
4.841GlyLeu: 4.841 ± 0.029
1.363GlyMet: 1.363 ± 0.017
2.994GlyAsn: 2.994 ± 0.03
2.468GlyPro: 2.468 ± 0.032
2.587GlyGln: 2.587 ± 0.029
3.084GlyArg: 3.084 ± 0.024
5.779GlySer: 5.779 ± 0.047
3.139GlyThr: 3.139 ± 0.029
3.632GlyVal: 3.632 ± 0.028
0.659GlyTrp: 0.659 ± 0.013
2.073GlyTyr: 2.073 ± 0.024
0.005GlyXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
His
1.532HisAla: 1.532 ± 0.017
0.604HisCys: 0.604 ± 0.011
1.081HisAsp: 1.081 ± 0.014
1.329HisGlu: 1.329 ± 0.015
1.058HisPhe: 1.058 ± 0.014
1.558HisGly: 1.558 ± 0.019
1.44HisHis: 1.44 ± 0.03
1.337HisIle: 1.337 ± 0.017
1.309HisLys: 1.309 ± 0.017
2.654HisLeu: 2.654 ± 0.026
0.723HisMet: 0.723 ± 0.011
1.149HisAsn: 1.149 ± 0.016
1.517HisPro: 1.517 ± 0.021
1.621HisGln: 1.621 ± 0.023
1.507HisArg: 1.507 ± 0.017
2.118HisSer: 2.118 ± 0.021
1.306HisThr: 1.306 ± 0.015
1.439HisVal: 1.439 ± 0.015
0.315HisTrp: 0.315 ± 0.008
0.869HisTyr: 0.869 ± 0.013
0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile
3.378IleAla: 3.378 ± 0.022
1.205IleCys: 1.205 ± 0.018
2.573IleAsp: 2.573 ± 0.022
2.973IleGlu: 2.973 ± 0.029
2.155IlePhe: 2.155 ± 0.025
2.698IleGly: 2.698 ± 0.026
1.125IleHis: 1.125 ± 0.013
2.614IleIle: 2.614 ± 0.022
2.768IleLys: 2.768 ± 0.024
4.517IleLeu: 4.517 ± 0.03
1.151IleMet: 1.151 ± 0.014
2.338IleAsn: 2.338 ± 0.019
2.407IlePro: 2.407 ± 0.023
1.983IleGln: 1.983 ± 0.02
2.632IleArg: 2.632 ± 0.023
4.04IleSer: 4.04 ± 0.028
2.733IleThr: 2.733 ± 0.023
3.165IleVal: 3.165 ± 0.024
0.584IleTrp: 0.584 ± 0.011
1.742IleTyr: 1.742 ± 0.017
0.002IleXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Lys
3.512LysAla: 3.512 ± 0.032
1.125LysCys: 1.125 ± 0.018
2.895LysAsp: 2.895 ± 0.027
3.816LysGlu: 3.816 ± 0.034
1.884LysPhe: 1.884 ± 0.017
2.404LysGly: 2.404 ± 0.026
1.357LysHis: 1.357 ± 0.016
2.775LysIle: 2.775 ± 0.024
4.054LysLys: 4.054 ± 0.053
5.24LysLeu: 5.24 ± 0.038
1.461LysMet: 1.461 ± 0.018
2.363LysAsn: 2.363 ± 0.023
3.054LysPro: 3.054 ± 0.043
2.641LysGln: 2.641 ± 0.023
3.685LysArg: 3.685 ± 0.029
4.186LysSer: 4.186 ± 0.04
2.984LysThr: 2.984 ± 0.028
3.098LysVal: 3.098 ± 0.027
0.622LysTrp: 0.622 ± 0.011
1.758LysTyr: 1.758 ± 0.018
0.002LysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Leu
6.875LeuAla: 6.875 ± 0.043
1.725LeuCys: 1.725 ± 0.019
4.825LeuAsp: 4.825 ± 0.034
5.929LeuGlu: 5.929 ± 0.048
3.144LeuPhe: 3.144 ± 0.025
5.115LeuGly: 5.115 ± 0.038
2.499LeuHis: 2.499 ± 0.026
4.368LeuIle: 4.368 ± 0.032
5.395LeuLys: 5.395 ± 0.038
9.342LeuLeu: 9.342 ± 0.071
2.197LeuMet: 2.197 ± 0.022
4.206LeuAsn: 4.206 ± 0.031
5.16LeuPro: 5.16 ± 0.03
5.038LeuGln: 5.038 ± 0.041
5.59LeuArg: 5.59 ± 0.032
6.866LeuSer: 6.866 ± 0.041
4.745LeuThr: 4.745 ± 0.032
5.375LeuVal: 5.375 ± 0.036
0.923LeuTrp: 0.923 ± 0.015
2.519LeuTyr: 2.519 ± 0.025
0.004LeuXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Met
1.959MetAla: 1.959 ± 0.02
0.446MetCys: 0.446 ± 0.007
1.406MetAsp: 1.406 ± 0.015
1.679MetGlu: 1.679 ± 0.019
0.843MetPhe: 0.843 ± 0.014
1.479MetGly: 1.479 ± 0.019
0.638MetHis: 0.638 ± 0.011
1.002MetIle: 1.002 ± 0.014
1.248MetLys: 1.248 ± 0.014
2.227MetLeu: 2.227 ± 0.019
0.684MetMet: 0.684 ± 0.013
0.972MetAsn: 0.972 ± 0.013
1.371MetPro: 1.371 ± 0.016
1.248MetGln: 1.248 ± 0.016
1.494MetArg: 1.494 ± 0.016
1.897MetSer: 1.897 ± 0.016
1.183MetThr: 1.183 ± 0.015
1.333MetVal: 1.333 ± 0.014
0.262MetTrp: 0.262 ± 0.007
0.64MetTyr: 0.64 ± 0.012
0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn
3.246AsnAla: 3.246 ± 0.025
0.986AsnCys: 0.986 ± 0.015
2.132AsnAsp: 2.132 ± 0.021
2.718AsnGlu: 2.718 ± 0.022
1.824AsnPhe: 1.824 ± 0.02
3.359AsnGly: 3.359 ± 0.032
1.104AsnHis: 1.104 ± 0.016
2.417AsnIle: 2.417 ± 0.021
2.248AsnLys: 2.248 ± 0.021
4.041AsnLeu: 4.041 ± 0.03
1.18AsnMet: 1.18 ± 0.016
2.759AsnAsn: 2.759 ± 0.037
2.373AsnPro: 2.373 ± 0.027
1.945AsnGln: 1.945 ± 0.02
2.35AsnArg: 2.35 ± 0.022
3.929AsnSer: 3.929 ± 0.036
2.292AsnThr: 2.292 ± 0.02
2.789AsnVal: 2.789 ± 0.022
0.547AsnTrp: 0.547 ± 0.011
1.564AsnTyr: 1.564 ± 0.016
0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro
4.385ProAla: 4.385 ± 0.045
0.768ProCys: 0.768 ± 0.02
2.432ProAsp: 2.432 ± 0.024
3.41ProGlu: 3.41 ± 0.034
1.672ProPhe: 1.672 ± 0.018
3.087ProGly: 3.087 ± 0.04
1.454ProHis: 1.454 ± 0.019
2.43ProIle: 2.43 ± 0.021
3.036ProLys: 3.036 ± 0.034
4.5ProLeu: 4.5 ± 0.03
1.159ProMet: 1.159 ± 0.015
2.395ProAsn: 2.395 ± 0.023
4.936ProPro: 4.936 ± 0.071
2.749ProGln: 2.749 ± 0.028
2.605ProArg: 2.605 ± 0.023
4.449ProSer: 4.449 ± 0.034
3.454ProThr: 3.454 ± 0.04
3.31ProVal: 3.31 ± 0.035
0.504ProTrp: 0.504 ± 0.011
1.428ProTyr: 1.428 ± 0.019
0.004ProXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Gln
3.276GlnAla: 3.276 ± 0.031
0.833GlnCys: 0.833 ± 0.018
2.026GlnAsp: 2.026 ± 0.022
2.968GlnGlu: 2.968 ± 0.03
1.586GlnPhe: 1.586 ± 0.017
2.027GlnGly: 2.027 ± 0.023
1.786GlnHis: 1.786 ± 0.027
2.155GlnIle: 2.155 ± 0.02
2.633GlnLys: 2.633 ± 0.026
5.257GlnLeu: 5.257 ± 0.039
1.298GlnMet: 1.298 ± 0.016
2.068GlnAsn: 2.068 ± 0.022
2.781GlnPro: 2.781 ± 0.032
6.561GlnGln: 6.561 ± 0.13
3.322GlnArg: 3.322 ± 0.029
3.385GlnSer: 3.385 ± 0.032
2.391GlnThr: 2.391 ± 0.024
2.556GlnVal: 2.556 ± 0.022
0.464GlnTrp: 0.464 ± 0.009
1.266GlnTyr: 1.266 ± 0.017
0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg
3.225ArgAla: 3.225 ± 0.025
1.121ArgCys: 1.121 ± 0.018
2.804ArgAsp: 2.804 ± 0.027
3.476ArgGlu: 3.476 ± 0.035
2.079ArgPhe: 2.079 ± 0.019
2.844ArgGly: 2.844 ± 0.027
1.637ArgHis: 1.637 ± 0.018
2.895ArgIle: 2.895 ± 0.024
3.552ArgLys: 3.552 ± 0.031
5.279ArgLeu: 5.279 ± 0.036
1.35ArgMet: 1.35 ± 0.016
2.807ArgAsn: 2.807 ± 0.023
2.715ArgPro: 2.715 ± 0.024
2.964ArgGln: 2.964 ± 0.027
4.665ArgArg: 4.665 ± 0.04
4.603ArgSer: 4.603 ± 0.042
2.836ArgThr: 2.836 ± 0.025
2.888ArgVal: 2.888 ± 0.026
0.601ArgTrp: 0.601 ± 0.011
1.713ArgTyr: 1.713 ± 0.018
0.003ArgXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Ser
6.082SerAla: 6.082 ± 0.049
1.533SerCys: 1.533 ± 0.022
3.9SerAsp: 3.9 ± 0.03
4.419SerGlu: 4.419 ± 0.035
2.737SerPhe: 2.737 ± 0.023
5.884SerGly: 5.884 ± 0.052
1.966SerHis: 1.966 ± 0.022
3.664SerIle: 3.664 ± 0.025
4.071SerLys: 4.071 ± 0.033
6.94SerLeu: 6.94 ± 0.04
1.814SerMet: 1.814 ± 0.019
3.995SerAsn: 3.995 ± 0.033
4.583SerPro: 4.583 ± 0.044
3.477SerGln: 3.477 ± 0.037
4.095SerArg: 4.095 ± 0.045
9.851SerSer: 9.851 ± 0.105
5.147SerThr: 5.147 ± 0.049
4.566SerVal: 4.566 ± 0.027
0.809SerTrp: 0.809 ± 0.011
2.265SerTyr: 2.265 ± 0.022
0.003SerXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Thr
4.448ThrAla: 4.448 ± 0.031
1.032ThrCys: 1.032 ± 0.018
2.606ThrAsp: 2.606 ± 0.023
3.214ThrGlu: 3.214 ± 0.033
1.897ThrPhe: 1.897 ± 0.02
3.296ThrGly: 3.296 ± 0.027
1.316ThrHis: 1.316 ± 0.014
2.78ThrIle: 2.78 ± 0.022
2.803ThrLys: 2.803 ± 0.027
4.9ThrLeu: 4.9 ± 0.033
1.221ThrMet: 1.221 ± 0.013
2.446ThrAsn: 2.446 ± 0.025
3.753ThrPro: 3.753 ± 0.038
2.245ThrGln: 2.245 ± 0.02
2.558ThrArg: 2.558 ± 0.024
4.842ThrSer: 4.842 ± 0.039
4.57ThrThr: 4.57 ± 0.073
3.275ThrVal: 3.275 ± 0.029
0.535ThrTrp: 0.535 ± 0.01
1.559ThrTyr: 1.559 ± 0.019
0.003ThrXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Val
4.758ValAla: 4.758 ± 0.034
1.243ValCys: 1.243 ± 0.018
3.213ValAsp: 3.213 ± 0.025
3.814ValGlu: 3.814 ± 0.037
2.237ValPhe: 2.237 ± 0.021
3.508ValGly: 3.508 ± 0.028
1.478ValHis: 1.478 ± 0.018
2.985ValIle: 2.985 ± 0.023
3.087ValLys: 3.087 ± 0.026
5.581ValLeu: 5.581 ± 0.039
1.357ValMet: 1.357 ± 0.015
2.556ValAsn: 2.556 ± 0.019
3.306ValPro: 3.306 ± 0.026
2.667ValGln: 2.667 ± 0.021
3.143ValArg: 3.143 ± 0.026
4.303ValSer: 4.303 ± 0.029
3.25ValThr: 3.25 ± 0.026
4.154ValVal: 4.154 ± 0.034
0.617ValTrp: 0.617 ± 0.012
1.763ValTyr: 1.763 ± 0.019
0.003ValXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Trp
0.59TrpAla: 0.59 ± 0.012
0.205TrpCys: 0.205 ± 0.006
0.526TrpAsp: 0.526 ± 0.013
0.545TrpGlu: 0.545 ± 0.01
0.417TrpPhe: 0.417 ± 0.009
0.552TrpGly: 0.552 ± 0.013
0.311TrpHis: 0.311 ± 0.007
0.583TrpIle: 0.583 ± 0.01
0.608TrpLys: 0.608 ± 0.01
1.159TrpLeu: 1.159 ± 0.016
0.304TrpMet: 0.304 ± 0.008
0.507TrpAsn: 0.507 ± 0.011
0.449TrpPro: 0.449 ± 0.01
0.538TrpGln: 0.538 ± 0.009
0.725TrpArg: 0.725 ± 0.012
0.837TrpSer: 0.837 ± 0.012
0.584TrpThr: 0.584 ± 0.011
0.552TrpVal: 0.552 ± 0.011
0.186TrpTrp: 0.186 ± 0.007
0.328TrpTyr: 0.328 ± 0.007
0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr
1.998TyrAla: 1.998 ± 0.018
0.666TyrCys: 0.666 ± 0.011
1.695TyrAsp: 1.695 ± 0.018
1.818TyrGlu: 1.818 ± 0.021
1.341TyrPhe: 1.341 ± 0.018
1.967TyrGly: 1.967 ± 0.025
0.811TyrHis: 0.811 ± 0.012
1.469TyrIle: 1.469 ± 0.015
1.547TyrLys: 1.547 ± 0.018
2.759TyrLeu: 2.759 ± 0.026
0.79TyrMet: 0.79 ± 0.012
1.466TyrAsn: 1.466 ± 0.02
1.384TyrPro: 1.384 ± 0.016
1.323TyrGln: 1.323 ± 0.02
1.719TyrArg: 1.719 ± 0.02
2.172TyrSer: 2.172 ± 0.022
1.568TyrThr: 1.568 ± 0.016
1.83TyrVal: 1.83 ± 0.016
0.362TyrTrp: 0.362 ± 0.008
1.185TyrTyr: 1.185 ± 0.017
0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa
0.003XaaAla: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.001XaaCys: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.002XaaAsp: 0.002 ± 0.0
0.003XaaGlu: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.003XaaPhe: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.003XaaGly: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.003XaaIle: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.002XaaLys: 0.002 ± 0.001
0.003XaaLeu: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.003XaaAsn: 0.003 ± 0.001
0.002XaaPro: 0.002 ± 0.001
0.002XaaGln: 0.002 ± 0.001
0.002XaaArg: 0.002 ± 0.001
0.004XaaSer: 0.004 ± 0.001
0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0
0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0
7.109XaaXaa: 7.109 ± 0.627
Statistics based on 15133 proteins (6249901 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file
See this proteome in: uniprot_link
Proteome-pI is available under Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs license, for more details see here

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944 Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski