Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Vulpes vulpes (Red fox)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.883AlaAla: 6.883 ± 0.037	1.368AlaCys: 1.368 ± 0.009	2.913AlaAsp: 2.913 ± 0.012	4.835AlaGlu: 4.835 ± 0.023	2.572AlaPhe: 2.572 ± 0.013	4.727AlaGly: 4.727 ± 0.024	1.551AlaHis: 1.551 ± 0.01	2.695AlaIle: 2.695 ± 0.013	3.412AlaLys: 3.412 ± 0.02	7.116AlaLeu: 7.116 ± 0.034	1.472AlaMet: 1.472 ± 0.009	2.019AlaAsn: 2.019 ± 0.011	4.466AlaPro: 4.466 ± 0.029	3.36AlaGln: 3.36 ± 0.017	3.755AlaArg: 3.755 ± 0.018	5.994AlaSer: 5.994 ± 0.022	3.57AlaThr: 3.57 ± 0.017	4.591AlaVal: 4.591 ± 0.018	0.783AlaTrp: 0.783 ± 0.007	1.463AlaTyr: 1.463 ± 0.009	0.01AlaXaa: 0.01 ± 0.001
Cys	1.243CysAla: 1.243 ± 0.01	0.622CysCys: 0.622 ± 0.011	0.973CysAsp: 0.973 ± 0.009	1.245CysGlu: 1.245 ± 0.011	0.788CysPhe: 0.788 ± 0.007	1.727CysGly: 1.727 ± 0.018	0.643CysHis: 0.643 ± 0.007	0.9CysIle: 0.9 ± 0.009	1.096CysLys: 1.096 ± 0.01	2.042CysLeu: 2.042 ± 0.014	0.391CysMet: 0.391 ± 0.004	0.772CysAsn: 0.772 ± 0.007	1.352CysPro: 1.352 ± 0.014	1.04CysGln: 1.04 ± 0.01	1.254CysArg: 1.254 ± 0.01	1.962CysSer: 1.962 ± 0.014	1.041CysThr: 1.041 ± 0.007	1.244CysVal: 1.244 ± 0.011	0.266CysTrp: 0.266 ± 0.004	0.545CysTyr: 0.545 ± 0.005	0.002CysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Asp	2.858AspAla: 2.858 ± 0.013	0.996AspCys: 0.996 ± 0.009	2.689AspAsp: 2.689 ± 0.016	3.462AspGlu: 3.462 ± 0.015	2.066AspPhe: 2.066 ± 0.012	3.306AspGly: 3.306 ± 0.023	1.13AspHis: 1.13 ± 0.008	2.539AspIle: 2.539 ± 0.015	2.534AspLys: 2.534 ± 0.013	5.04AspLeu: 5.04 ± 0.019	1.105AspMet: 1.105 ± 0.008	1.647AspAsn: 1.647 ± 0.011	2.977AspPro: 2.977 ± 0.013	1.865AspGln: 1.865 ± 0.011	2.489AspArg: 2.489 ± 0.015	4.279AspSer: 4.279 ± 0.02	2.485AspThr: 2.485 ± 0.012	3.071AspVal: 3.071 ± 0.028	0.594AspTrp: 0.594 ± 0.006	1.437AspTyr: 1.437 ± 0.01	0.003AspXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Glu	5.34GluAla: 5.34 ± 0.027	1.448GluCys: 1.448 ± 0.017	4.553GluAsp: 4.553 ± 0.019	8.184GluGlu: 8.184 ± 0.043	1.987GluPhe: 1.987 ± 0.011	4.286GluGly: 4.286 ± 0.021	1.511GluHis: 1.511 ± 0.011	3.158GluIle: 3.158 ± 0.018	5.525GluLys: 5.525 ± 0.038	6.505GluLeu: 6.505 ± 0.03	1.68GluMet: 1.68 ± 0.01	3.112GluAsn: 3.112 ± 0.018	3.467GluPro: 3.467 ± 0.022	3.315GluGln: 3.315 ± 0.019	4.189GluArg: 4.189 ± 0.022	4.52GluSer: 4.52 ± 0.019	3.373GluThr: 3.373 ± 0.016	4.193GluVal: 4.193 ± 0.022	0.655GluTrp: 0.655 ± 0.006	1.566GluTyr: 1.566 ± 0.016	0.005GluXaa: 0.005 ± 0.0
Phe	1.899PheAla: 1.899 ± 0.011	0.899PheCys: 0.899 ± 0.009	1.615PheAsp: 1.615 ± 0.011	1.96PheGlu: 1.96 ± 0.012	1.529PhePhe: 1.529 ± 0.011	2.125PheGly: 2.125 ± 0.013	0.992PheHis: 0.992 ± 0.007	1.796PheIle: 1.796 ± 0.012	1.696PheLys: 1.696 ± 0.012	3.879PheLeu: 3.879 ± 0.02	0.747PheMet: 0.747 ± 0.007	1.274PheAsn: 1.274 ± 0.01	1.993PhePro: 1.993 ± 0.011	1.735PheGln: 1.735 ± 0.01	1.931PheArg: 1.931 ± 0.014	3.306PheSer: 3.306 ± 0.019	1.959PheThr: 1.959 ± 0.012	2.052PheVal: 2.052 ± 0.012	0.456PheTrp: 0.456 ± 0.005	1.121PheTyr: 1.121 ± 0.009	0.003PheXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Gly	4.546GlyAla: 4.546 ± 0.026	1.249GlyCys: 1.249 ± 0.01	3.146GlyAsp: 3.146 ± 0.018	4.19GlyGlu: 4.19 ± 0.022	2.303GlyPhe: 2.303 ± 0.015	5.112GlyGly: 5.112 ± 0.035	1.679GlyHis: 1.679 ± 0.011	2.62GlyIle: 2.62 ± 0.015	3.754GlyLys: 3.754 ± 0.022	5.839GlyLeu: 5.839 ± 0.027	1.309GlyMet: 1.309 ± 0.01	2.312GlyAsn: 2.312 ± 0.012	4.556GlyPro: 4.556 ± 0.044	2.845GlyGln: 2.845 ± 0.015	3.884GlyArg: 3.884 ± 0.02	6.017GlySer: 6.017 ± 0.024	3.555GlyThr: 3.555 ± 0.015	3.502GlyVal: 3.502 ± 0.018	0.75GlyTrp: 0.75 ± 0.008	1.64GlyTyr: 1.64 ± 0.013	0.01GlyXaa: 0.01 ± 0.001
His	1.322HisAla: 1.322 ± 0.009	0.684HisCys: 0.684 ± 0.008	0.862HisAsp: 0.862 ± 0.007	1.33HisGlu: 1.33 ± 0.009	1.041HisPhe: 1.041 ± 0.008	1.522HisGly: 1.522 ± 0.011	0.916HisHis: 0.916 ± 0.009	1.23HisIle: 1.23 ± 0.008	1.263HisLys: 1.263 ± 0.008	2.956HisLeu: 2.956 ± 0.014	0.568HisMet: 0.568 ± 0.005	0.829HisAsn: 0.829 ± 0.008	1.677HisPro: 1.677 ± 0.012	1.409HisGln: 1.409 ± 0.014	1.588HisArg: 1.588 ± 0.011	2.344HisSer: 2.344 ± 0.015	1.565HisThr: 1.565 ± 0.014	1.484HisVal: 1.484 ± 0.011	0.334HisTrp: 0.334 ± 0.004	0.796HisTyr: 0.796 ± 0.006	0.002HisXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Ile	2.486IleAla: 2.486 ± 0.014	1.03IleCys: 1.03 ± 0.009	1.976IleAsp: 1.976 ± 0.012	2.58IleGlu: 2.58 ± 0.016	1.818IlePhe: 1.818 ± 0.012	2.123IleGly: 2.123 ± 0.011	1.337IleHis: 1.337 ± 0.012	2.318IleIle: 2.318 ± 0.015	2.612IleLys: 2.612 ± 0.017	4.462IleLeu: 4.462 ± 0.017	0.982IleMet: 0.982 ± 0.008	1.763IleAsn: 1.763 ± 0.01	2.617IlePro: 2.617 ± 0.012	2.283IleGln: 2.283 ± 0.013	2.359IleArg: 2.359 ± 0.013	3.679IleSer: 3.679 ± 0.015	2.541IleThr: 2.541 ± 0.021	2.407IleVal: 2.407 ± 0.015	0.474IleTrp: 0.474 ± 0.005	1.324IleTyr: 1.324 ± 0.01	0.003IleXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Lys	4.028LysAla: 4.028 ± 0.021	1.082LysCys: 1.082 ± 0.01	3.204LysAsp: 3.204 ± 0.019	5.229LysGlu: 5.229 ± 0.033	1.647LysPhe: 1.647 ± 0.011	3.218LysGly: 3.218 ± 0.027	1.39LysHis: 1.39 ± 0.01	2.687LysIle: 2.687 ± 0.017	4.742LysLys: 4.742 ± 0.029	5.112LysLeu: 5.112 ± 0.022	1.432LysMet: 1.432 ± 0.015	2.371LysAsn: 2.371 ± 0.013	3.262LysPro: 3.262 ± 0.028	2.636LysGln: 2.636 ± 0.016	3.306LysArg: 3.306 ± 0.016	4.025LysSer: 4.025 ± 0.02	3.12LysThr: 3.12 ± 0.017	3.439LysVal: 3.439 ± 0.022	0.577LysTrp: 0.577 ± 0.007	1.487LysTyr: 1.487 ± 0.012	0.004LysXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Leu	6.799LeuAla: 6.799 ± 0.031	2.085LeuCys: 2.085 ± 0.013	4.721LeuAsp: 4.721 ± 0.017	7.394LeuGlu: 7.394 ± 0.035	3.219LeuPhe: 3.219 ± 0.017	5.79LeuGly: 5.79 ± 0.025	2.724LeuHis: 2.724 ± 0.016	3.778LeuIle: 3.778 ± 0.019	5.782LeuLys: 5.782 ± 0.027	10.531LeuLeu: 10.531 ± 0.048	1.981LeuMet: 1.981 ± 0.011	3.45LeuAsn: 3.45 ± 0.017	6.123LeuPro: 6.123 ± 0.029	5.86LeuGln: 5.86 ± 0.03	5.975LeuArg: 5.975 ± 0.025	8.011LeuSer: 8.011 ± 0.027	4.984LeuThr: 4.984 ± 0.018	5.328LeuVal: 5.328 ± 0.022	1.086LeuTrp: 1.086 ± 0.009	2.429LeuTyr: 2.429 ± 0.013	0.009LeuXaa: 0.009 ± 0.001
Met	1.884MetAla: 1.884 ± 0.01	0.39MetCys: 0.39 ± 0.005	1.243MetAsp: 1.243 ± 0.008	1.852MetGlu: 1.852 ± 0.01	0.72MetPhe: 0.72 ± 0.007	1.284MetGly: 1.284 ± 0.011	0.472MetHis: 0.472 ± 0.005	0.809MetIle: 0.809 ± 0.007	1.426MetLys: 1.426 ± 0.008	1.988MetLeu: 1.988 ± 0.011	0.552MetMet: 0.552 ± 0.006	0.874MetAsn: 0.874 ± 0.008	1.117MetPro: 1.117 ± 0.016	0.938MetGln: 0.938 ± 0.008	1.061MetArg: 1.061 ± 0.008	1.587MetSer: 1.587 ± 0.009	1.104MetThr: 1.104 ± 0.008	1.372MetVal: 1.372 ± 0.008	0.223MetTrp: 0.223 ± 0.003	0.576MetTyr: 0.576 ± 0.006	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	2.037AsnAla: 2.037 ± 0.012	0.776AsnCys: 0.776 ± 0.008	1.523AsnAsp: 1.523 ± 0.011	2.194AsnGlu: 2.194 ± 0.016	1.4AsnPhe: 1.4 ± 0.009	2.386AsnGly: 2.386 ± 0.015	0.947AsnHis: 0.947 ± 0.007	2.055AsnIle: 2.055 ± 0.012	2.175AsnLys: 2.175 ± 0.011	3.653AsnLeu: 3.653 ± 0.018	0.883AsnMet: 0.883 ± 0.006	1.467AsnAsn: 1.467 ± 0.01	2.176AsnPro: 2.176 ± 0.011	1.649AsnGln: 1.649 ± 0.01	1.807AsnArg: 1.807 ± 0.011	3.115AsnSer: 3.115 ± 0.016	1.943AsnThr: 1.943 ± 0.011	2.15AsnVal: 2.15 ± 0.012	0.43AsnTrp: 0.43 ± 0.005	1.064AsnTyr: 1.064 ± 0.008	0.002AsnXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Pro	5.198ProAla: 5.198 ± 0.032	1.136ProCys: 1.136 ± 0.013	2.848ProAsp: 2.848 ± 0.021	4.638ProGlu: 4.638 ± 0.023	1.924ProPhe: 1.924 ± 0.011	5.614ProGly: 5.614 ± 0.051	1.499ProHis: 1.499 ± 0.012	1.901ProIle: 1.901 ± 0.015	2.923ProLys: 2.923 ± 0.033	5.415ProLeu: 5.415 ± 0.023	1.108ProMet: 1.108 ± 0.009	1.827ProAsn: 1.827 ± 0.012	6.59ProPro: 6.59 ± 0.057	2.983ProGln: 2.983 ± 0.019	3.604ProArg: 3.604 ± 0.022	6.065ProSer: 6.065 ± 0.031	3.276ProThr: 3.276 ± 0.022	3.948ProVal: 3.948 ± 0.022	0.673ProTrp: 0.673 ± 0.008	1.521ProTyr: 1.521 ± 0.013	0.011ProXaa: 0.011 ± 0.001
Gln	3.6GlnAla: 3.6 ± 0.017	0.912GlnCys: 0.912 ± 0.009	2.373GlnAsp: 2.373 ± 0.013	4.047GlnGlu: 4.047 ± 0.025	1.329GlnPhe: 1.329 ± 0.009	2.909GlnGly: 2.909 ± 0.017	1.359GlnHis: 1.359 ± 0.011	1.987GlnIle: 1.987 ± 0.012	3.007GlnLys: 3.007 ± 0.017	4.8GlnLeu: 4.8 ± 0.026	1.143GlnMet: 1.143 ± 0.008	1.838GlnAsn: 1.838 ± 0.011	2.954GlnPro: 2.954 ± 0.019	3.299GlnGln: 3.299 ± 0.031	3.107GlnArg: 3.107 ± 0.016	3.273GlnSer: 3.273 ± 0.017	2.344GlnThr: 2.344 ± 0.013	2.818GlnVal: 2.818 ± 0.015	0.514GlnTrp: 0.514 ± 0.005	1.131GlnTyr: 1.131 ± 0.009	0.003GlnXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Arg	3.942ArgAla: 3.942 ± 0.02	1.159ArgCys: 1.159 ± 0.011	2.791ArgAsp: 2.791 ± 0.014	4.142ArgGlu: 4.142 ± 0.023	1.78ArgPhe: 1.78 ± 0.011	3.774ArgGly: 3.774 ± 0.024	1.532ArgHis: 1.532 ± 0.01	2.428ArgIle: 2.428 ± 0.012	3.663ArgLys: 3.663 ± 0.017	5.451ArgLeu: 5.451 ± 0.023	1.194ArgMet: 1.194 ± 0.009	2.085ArgAsn: 2.085 ± 0.012	3.54ArgPro: 3.54 ± 0.022	2.679ArgGln: 2.679 ± 0.017	4.553ArgArg: 4.553 ± 0.025	4.491ArgSer: 4.491 ± 0.028	2.887ArgThr: 2.887 ± 0.013	3.18ArgVal: 3.18 ± 0.02	0.664ArgTrp: 0.664 ± 0.006	1.422ArgTyr: 1.422 ± 0.008	0.006ArgXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Ser	5.448SerAla: 5.448 ± 0.022	1.791SerCys: 1.791 ± 0.014	3.929SerAsp: 3.929 ± 0.022	5.394SerGlu: 5.394 ± 0.021	2.972SerPhe: 2.972 ± 0.014	5.741SerGly: 5.741 ± 0.024	2.148SerHis: 2.148 ± 0.014	3.228SerIle: 3.228 ± 0.014	4.17SerLys: 4.17 ± 0.021	8.308SerLeu: 8.308 ± 0.03	1.647SerMet: 1.647 ± 0.012	2.707SerAsn: 2.707 ± 0.015	6.438SerPro: 6.438 ± 0.034	4.055SerGln: 4.055 ± 0.019	4.72SerArg: 4.72 ± 0.026	9.877SerSer: 9.877 ± 0.048	4.594SerThr: 4.594 ± 0.022	4.876SerVal: 4.876 ± 0.016	1.068SerTrp: 1.068 ± 0.01	2.043SerTyr: 2.043 ± 0.012	0.005SerXaa: 0.005 ± 0.0
Thr	3.703ThrAla: 3.703 ± 0.018	1.241ThrCys: 1.241 ± 0.012	2.433ThrAsp: 2.433 ± 0.013	3.595ThrGlu: 3.595 ± 0.018	2.025ThrPhe: 2.025 ± 0.012	3.499ThrGly: 3.499 ± 0.02	1.305ThrHis: 1.305 ± 0.01	2.337ThrIle: 2.337 ± 0.014	2.67ThrLys: 2.67 ± 0.017	5.22ThrLeu: 5.22 ± 0.022	1.103ThrMet: 1.103 ± 0.007	1.705ThrAsn: 1.705 ± 0.01	3.794ThrPro: 3.794 ± 0.024	2.345ThrGln: 2.345 ± 0.013	2.512ThrArg: 2.512 ± 0.012	4.762ThrSer: 4.762 ± 0.023	3.039ThrThr: 3.039 ± 0.023	3.825ThrVal: 3.825 ± 0.022	0.668ThrTrp: 0.668 ± 0.009	1.372ThrTyr: 1.372 ± 0.01	0.004ThrXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Val	4.214ValAla: 4.214 ± 0.017	1.405ValCys: 1.405 ± 0.01	2.929ValAsp: 2.929 ± 0.022	3.831ValGlu: 3.831 ± 0.021	2.274ValPhe: 2.274 ± 0.014	3.314ValGly: 3.314 ± 0.016	1.554ValHis: 1.554 ± 0.011	2.859ValIle: 2.859 ± 0.017	3.358ValLys: 3.358 ± 0.022	6.087ValLeu: 6.087 ± 0.022	1.295ValMet: 1.295 ± 0.008	2.219ValAsn: 2.219 ± 0.014	3.808ValPro: 3.808 ± 0.02	2.695ValGln: 2.695 ± 0.014	3.01ValArg: 3.01 ± 0.014	4.864ValSer: 4.864 ± 0.023	3.707ValThr: 3.707 ± 0.029	3.89ValVal: 3.89 ± 0.019	0.671ValTrp: 0.671 ± 0.007	1.533ValTyr: 1.533 ± 0.011	0.004ValXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Trp	0.76TrpAla: 0.76 ± 0.007	0.231TrpCys: 0.231 ± 0.004	0.609TrpAsp: 0.609 ± 0.006	0.778TrpGlu: 0.778 ± 0.007	0.418TrpPhe: 0.418 ± 0.005	0.717TrpGly: 0.717 ± 0.008	0.294TrpHis: 0.294 ± 0.005	0.503TrpIle: 0.503 ± 0.006	0.764TrpLys: 0.764 ± 0.007	1.138TrpLeu: 1.138 ± 0.009	0.304TrpMet: 0.304 ± 0.004	0.509TrpAsn: 0.509 ± 0.005	0.52TrpPro: 0.52 ± 0.005	0.523TrpGln: 0.523 ± 0.005	0.708TrpArg: 0.708 ± 0.007	0.836TrpSer: 0.836 ± 0.008	0.641TrpThr: 0.641 ± 0.008	0.64TrpVal: 0.64 ± 0.006	0.18TrpTrp: 0.18 ± 0.003	0.315TrpTyr: 0.315 ± 0.005	0.001TrpXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.354TyrAla: 1.354 ± 0.009	0.643TyrCys: 0.643 ± 0.007	1.236TyrAsp: 1.236 ± 0.009	1.688TyrGlu: 1.688 ± 0.013	1.15TyrPhe: 1.15 ± 0.008	1.632TyrGly: 1.632 ± 0.013	0.736TyrHis: 0.736 ± 0.006	1.341TyrIle: 1.341 ± 0.012	1.423TyrLys: 1.423 ± 0.012	2.509TyrLeu: 2.509 ± 0.014	0.575TyrMet: 0.575 ± 0.005	1.049TyrAsn: 1.049 ± 0.008	1.266TyrPro: 1.266 ± 0.009	1.231TyrGln: 1.231 ± 0.009	1.543TyrArg: 1.543 ± 0.01	2.144TyrSer: 2.144 ± 0.011	1.428TyrThr: 1.428 ± 0.014	1.507TyrVal: 1.507 ± 0.01	0.326TyrTrp: 0.326 ± 0.005	0.889TyrTyr: 0.889 ± 0.009	0.002TyrXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.01XaaAla: 0.01 ± 0.001	0.002XaaCys: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.003XaaAsp: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.005XaaGlu: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.002XaaPhe: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.01XaaGly: 0.01 ± 0.001	0.002XaaHis: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.003XaaIle: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.003XaaLys: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.007XaaLeu: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.002XaaMet: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaAsn: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.012XaaPro: 0.012 ± 0.001	0.003XaaGln: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.007XaaArg: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.006XaaSer: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.003XaaThr: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.004XaaVal: 0.004 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.312XaaXaa: 0.312 ± 0.02

Statistics based on 32184 proteins (21246518 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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