Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Amazona aestiva (Blue-fronted Amazon parrot)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.069AlaAla: 7.069 ± 0.049	1.366AlaCys: 1.366 ± 0.017	3.065AlaAsp: 3.065 ± 0.021	5.055AlaGlu: 5.055 ± 0.034	2.575AlaPhe: 2.575 ± 0.021	4.571AlaGly: 4.571 ± 0.03	1.391AlaHis: 1.391 ± 0.014	2.948AlaIle: 2.948 ± 0.021	3.687AlaLys: 3.687 ± 0.029	6.827AlaLeu: 6.827 ± 0.038	1.622AlaMet: 1.622 ± 0.015	2.174AlaAsn: 2.174 ± 0.017	3.417AlaPro: 3.417 ± 0.028	2.897AlaGln: 2.897 ± 0.025	3.204AlaArg: 3.204 ± 0.023	5.441AlaSer: 5.441 ± 0.033	3.431AlaThr: 3.431 ± 0.023	5.097AlaVal: 5.097 ± 0.03	0.75AlaTrp: 0.75 ± 0.011	1.587AlaTyr: 1.587 ± 0.015	0.254AlaXaa: 0.254 ± 0.006
Cys	1.205CysAla: 1.205 ± 0.014	0.654CysCys: 0.654 ± 0.01	1.03CysAsp: 1.03 ± 0.016	1.303CysGlu: 1.303 ± 0.019	0.871CysPhe: 0.871 ± 0.011	1.503CysGly: 1.503 ± 0.02	0.647CysHis: 0.647 ± 0.009	1.076CysIle: 1.076 ± 0.014	1.255CysLys: 1.255 ± 0.015	2.165CysLeu: 2.165 ± 0.022	0.48CysMet: 0.48 ± 0.008	0.867CysAsn: 0.867 ± 0.012	1.264CysPro: 1.264 ± 0.017	1.063CysGln: 1.063 ± 0.014	1.272CysArg: 1.272 ± 0.016	2.037CysSer: 2.037 ± 0.021	1.173CysThr: 1.173 ± 0.015	1.265CysVal: 1.265 ± 0.014	0.294CysTrp: 0.294 ± 0.007	0.652CysTyr: 0.652 ± 0.01	0.083CysXaa: 0.083 ± 0.003
Asp	2.995AspAla: 2.995 ± 0.02	1.079AspCys: 1.079 ± 0.013	2.746AspAsp: 2.746 ± 0.031	3.598AspGlu: 3.598 ± 0.028	2.166AspPhe: 2.166 ± 0.015	3.293AspGly: 3.293 ± 0.029	1.131AspHis: 1.131 ± 0.012	2.765AspIle: 2.765 ± 0.02	2.701AspLys: 2.701 ± 0.023	4.923AspLeu: 4.923 ± 0.023	1.232AspMet: 1.232 ± 0.013	1.888AspAsn: 1.888 ± 0.019	2.69AspPro: 2.69 ± 0.02	1.812AspGln: 1.812 ± 0.017	2.36AspArg: 2.36 ± 0.018	4.119AspSer: 4.119 ± 0.03	2.535AspThr: 2.535 ± 0.019	3.168AspVal: 3.168 ± 0.025	0.622AspTrp: 0.622 ± 0.009	1.555AspTyr: 1.555 ± 0.017	0.19AspXaa: 0.19 ± 0.005
Glu	5.0GluAla: 5.0 ± 0.035	1.293GluCys: 1.293 ± 0.019	4.532GluAsp: 4.532 ± 0.034	8.351GluGlu: 8.351 ± 0.072	2.072GluPhe: 2.072 ± 0.018	4.054GluGly: 4.054 ± 0.026	1.561GluHis: 1.561 ± 0.015	3.331GluIle: 3.331 ± 0.022	5.727GluLys: 5.727 ± 0.051	6.496GluLeu: 6.496 ± 0.046	1.872GluMet: 1.872 ± 0.019	3.296GluAsn: 3.296 ± 0.027	2.912GluPro: 2.912 ± 0.026	3.35GluGln: 3.35 ± 0.03	3.985GluArg: 3.985 ± 0.034	4.548GluSer: 4.548 ± 0.027	3.529GluThr: 3.529 ± 0.026	4.321GluVal: 4.321 ± 0.03	0.731GluTrp: 0.731 ± 0.01	1.723GluTyr: 1.723 ± 0.015	0.283GluXaa: 0.283 ± 0.007
Phe	2.118PheAla: 2.118 ± 0.017	0.951PheCys: 0.951 ± 0.014	1.721PheAsp: 1.721 ± 0.015	2.032PheGlu: 2.032 ± 0.018	1.564PhePhe: 1.564 ± 0.016	2.231PheGly: 2.231 ± 0.019	1.043PheHis: 1.043 ± 0.011	1.941PheIle: 1.941 ± 0.019	1.85PheLys: 1.85 ± 0.014	3.956PheLeu: 3.956 ± 0.03	0.807PheMet: 0.807 ± 0.01	1.389PheAsn: 1.389 ± 0.014	1.922PhePro: 1.922 ± 0.017	1.756PheGln: 1.756 ± 0.015	1.837PheArg: 1.837 ± 0.017	3.302PheSer: 3.302 ± 0.023	2.109PheThr: 2.109 ± 0.021	2.21PheVal: 2.21 ± 0.019	0.494PheTrp: 0.494 ± 0.009	1.218PheTyr: 1.218 ± 0.014	0.119PheXaa: 0.119 ± 0.004
Gly	4.039GlyAla: 4.039 ± 0.028	1.293GlyCys: 1.293 ± 0.014	3.09GlyAsp: 3.09 ± 0.025	3.976GlyGlu: 3.976 ± 0.03	2.437GlyPhe: 2.437 ± 0.021	4.428GlyGly: 4.428 ± 0.05	1.542GlyHis: 1.542 ± 0.019	2.979GlyIle: 2.979 ± 0.026	3.93GlyLys: 3.93 ± 0.029	5.372GlyLeu: 5.372 ± 0.036	1.432GlyMet: 1.432 ± 0.015	2.506GlyAsn: 2.506 ± 0.019	3.073GlyPro: 3.073 ± 0.045	2.616GlyGln: 2.616 ± 0.023	3.37GlyArg: 3.37 ± 0.03	5.448GlySer: 5.448 ± 0.033	3.522GlyThr: 3.522 ± 0.028	3.464GlyVal: 3.464 ± 0.024	0.78GlyTrp: 0.78 ± 0.012	1.87GlyTyr: 1.87 ± 0.02	0.248GlyXaa: 0.248 ± 0.006
His	1.324HisAla: 1.324 ± 0.013	0.701HisCys: 0.701 ± 0.01	0.927HisAsp: 0.927 ± 0.01	1.341HisGlu: 1.341 ± 0.015	1.027HisPhe: 1.027 ± 0.015	1.522HisGly: 1.522 ± 0.017	0.903HisHis: 0.903 ± 0.016	1.295HisIle: 1.295 ± 0.015	1.316HisLys: 1.316 ± 0.013	2.736HisLeu: 2.736 ± 0.021	0.614HisMet: 0.614 ± 0.01	0.931HisAsn: 0.931 ± 0.011	1.532HisPro: 1.532 ± 0.016	1.208HisGln: 1.208 ± 0.013	1.472HisArg: 1.472 ± 0.014	2.163HisSer: 2.163 ± 0.018	1.272HisThr: 1.272 ± 0.015	1.459HisVal: 1.459 ± 0.014	0.336HisTrp: 0.336 ± 0.006	0.837HisTyr: 0.837 ± 0.012	0.101HisXaa: 0.101 ± 0.004
Ile	2.857IleAla: 2.857 ± 0.021	1.136IleCys: 1.136 ± 0.012	2.183IleAsp: 2.183 ± 0.02	2.706IleGlu: 2.706 ± 0.02	1.952IlePhe: 1.952 ± 0.017	2.336IleGly: 2.336 ± 0.022	1.293IleHis: 1.293 ± 0.014	2.512IleIle: 2.512 ± 0.025	2.815IleLys: 2.815 ± 0.023	4.684IleLeu: 4.684 ± 0.031	1.061IleMet: 1.061 ± 0.012	2.001IleAsn: 2.001 ± 0.018	2.753IlePro: 2.753 ± 0.023	2.332IleGln: 2.332 ± 0.02	2.424IleArg: 2.424 ± 0.018	3.879IleSer: 3.879 ± 0.026	2.763IleThr: 2.763 ± 0.022	2.707IleVal: 2.707 ± 0.02	0.55IleTrp: 0.55 ± 0.009	1.459IleTyr: 1.459 ± 0.016	0.154IleXaa: 0.154 ± 0.004
Lys	4.138LysAla: 4.138 ± 0.029	1.161LysCys: 1.161 ± 0.015	3.316LysAsp: 3.316 ± 0.026	5.62LysGlu: 5.62 ± 0.049	1.731LysPhe: 1.731 ± 0.016	3.411LysGly: 3.411 ± 0.033	1.493LysHis: 1.493 ± 0.016	2.907LysIle: 2.907 ± 0.024	5.302LysLys: 5.302 ± 0.057	5.457LysLeu: 5.457 ± 0.036	1.587LysMet: 1.587 ± 0.015	2.526LysAsn: 2.526 ± 0.021	3.062LysPro: 3.062 ± 0.025	2.901LysGln: 2.901 ± 0.023	3.529LysArg: 3.529 ± 0.026	4.109LysSer: 4.109 ± 0.032	3.212LysThr: 3.212 ± 0.026	3.612LysVal: 3.612 ± 0.021	0.663LysTrp: 0.663 ± 0.009	1.707LysTyr: 1.707 ± 0.014	0.225LysXaa: 0.225 ± 0.006
Leu	6.501LeuAla: 6.501 ± 0.034	2.22LeuCys: 2.22 ± 0.019	4.695LeuAsp: 4.695 ± 0.029	7.063LeuGlu: 7.063 ± 0.057	3.337LeuPhe: 3.337 ± 0.029	5.378LeuGly: 5.378 ± 0.029	2.657LeuHis: 2.657 ± 0.019	3.981LeuIle: 3.981 ± 0.028	6.087LeuLys: 6.087 ± 0.037	10.382LeuLeu: 10.382 ± 0.055	2.113LeuMet: 2.113 ± 0.016	3.652LeuAsn: 3.652 ± 0.024	5.589LeuPro: 5.589 ± 0.036	5.685LeuGln: 5.685 ± 0.039	5.363LeuArg: 5.363 ± 0.03	7.773LeuSer: 7.773 ± 0.039	4.811LeuThr: 4.811 ± 0.029	5.457LeuVal: 5.457 ± 0.034	1.123LeuTrp: 1.123 ± 0.013	2.667LeuTyr: 2.667 ± 0.021	0.343LeuXaa: 0.343 ± 0.007
Met	1.92MetAla: 1.92 ± 0.016	0.448MetCys: 0.448 ± 0.008	1.334MetAsp: 1.334 ± 0.014	2.032MetGlu: 2.032 ± 0.02	0.792MetPhe: 0.792 ± 0.01	1.42MetGly: 1.42 ± 0.015	0.517MetHis: 0.517 ± 0.008	0.92MetIle: 0.92 ± 0.01	1.606MetLys: 1.606 ± 0.017	2.136MetLeu: 2.136 ± 0.017	0.639MetMet: 0.639 ± 0.011	0.973MetAsn: 0.973 ± 0.013	1.126MetPro: 1.126 ± 0.012	1.052MetGln: 1.052 ± 0.014	1.115MetArg: 1.115 ± 0.013	1.687MetSer: 1.687 ± 0.013	1.142MetThr: 1.142 ± 0.013	1.486MetVal: 1.486 ± 0.018	0.263MetTrp: 0.263 ± 0.006	0.634MetTyr: 0.634 ± 0.009	0.071MetXaa: 0.071 ± 0.003
Asn	2.262AsnAla: 2.262 ± 0.019	0.918AsnCys: 0.918 ± 0.013	1.613AsnAsp: 1.613 ± 0.016	2.448AsnGlu: 2.448 ± 0.02	1.495AsnPhe: 1.495 ± 0.014	2.662AsnGly: 2.662 ± 0.028	0.946AsnHis: 0.946 ± 0.011	2.257AsnIle: 2.257 ± 0.02	2.377AsnLys: 2.377 ± 0.021	3.812AsnLeu: 3.812 ± 0.024	1.005AsnMet: 1.005 ± 0.01	1.674AsnAsn: 1.674 ± 0.018	2.177AsnPro: 2.177 ± 0.02	1.634AsnGln: 1.634 ± 0.018	1.915AsnArg: 1.915 ± 0.014	3.288AsnSer: 3.288 ± 0.023	2.11AsnThr: 2.11 ± 0.017	2.324AsnVal: 2.324 ± 0.019	0.471AsnTrp: 0.471 ± 0.007	1.192AsnTyr: 1.192 ± 0.014	0.15AsnXaa: 0.15 ± 0.005
Pro	4.33ProAla: 4.33 ± 0.031	1.1ProCys: 1.1 ± 0.016	2.61ProAsp: 2.61 ± 0.02	4.045ProGlu: 4.045 ± 0.027	1.855ProPhe: 1.855 ± 0.015	4.239ProGly: 4.239 ± 0.073	1.278ProHis: 1.278 ± 0.014	1.9ProIle: 1.9 ± 0.015	2.714ProLys: 2.714 ± 0.022	4.774ProLeu: 4.774 ± 0.029	1.023ProMet: 1.023 ± 0.013	1.804ProAsn: 1.804 ± 0.017	4.746ProPro: 4.746 ± 0.055	2.433ProGln: 2.433 ± 0.022	2.691ProArg: 2.691 ± 0.02	5.043ProSer: 5.043 ± 0.03	2.621ProThr: 2.621 ± 0.021	3.799ProVal: 3.799 ± 0.024	0.606ProTrp: 0.606 ± 0.01	1.419ProTyr: 1.419 ± 0.018	0.226ProXaa: 0.226 ± 0.005
Gln	3.232GlnAla: 3.232 ± 0.028	0.957GlnCys: 0.957 ± 0.013	2.269GlnAsp: 2.269 ± 0.016	3.819GlnGlu: 3.819 ± 0.032	1.407GlnPhe: 1.407 ± 0.014	2.607GlnGly: 2.607 ± 0.026	1.35GlnHis: 1.35 ± 0.013	2.051GlnIle: 2.051 ± 0.015	3.072GlnLys: 3.072 ± 0.027	4.629GlnLeu: 4.629 ± 0.036	1.145GlnMet: 1.145 ± 0.013	1.926GlnAsn: 1.926 ± 0.018	2.526GlnPro: 2.526 ± 0.025	3.074GlnGln: 3.074 ± 0.039	2.75GlnArg: 2.75 ± 0.02	3.187GlnSer: 3.187 ± 0.022	2.253GlnThr: 2.253 ± 0.019	2.689GlnVal: 2.689 ± 0.02	0.547GlnTrp: 0.547 ± 0.009	1.217GlnTyr: 1.217 ± 0.014	0.175GlnXaa: 0.175 ± 0.005
Arg	3.427ArgAla: 3.427 ± 0.024	1.169ArgCys: 1.169 ± 0.016	2.684ArgAsp: 2.684 ± 0.022	3.834ArgGlu: 3.834 ± 0.034	1.835ArgPhe: 1.835 ± 0.017	3.149ArgGly: 3.149 ± 0.026	1.408ArgHis: 1.408 ± 0.015	2.455ArgIle: 2.455 ± 0.018	3.798ArgLys: 3.798 ± 0.026	4.932ArgLeu: 4.932 ± 0.03	1.258ArgMet: 1.258 ± 0.013	2.142ArgAsn: 2.142 ± 0.018	2.511ArgPro: 2.511 ± 0.021	2.545ArgGln: 2.545 ± 0.019	3.96ArgArg: 3.96 ± 0.034	4.08ArgSer: 4.08 ± 0.029	2.636ArgThr: 2.636 ± 0.019	2.954ArgVal: 2.954 ± 0.022	0.648ArgTrp: 0.648 ± 0.009	1.541ArgTyr: 1.541 ± 0.016	0.181ArgXaa: 0.181 ± 0.005
Ser	5.35SerAla: 5.35 ± 0.035	1.9SerCys: 1.9 ± 0.019	3.956SerAsp: 3.956 ± 0.028	5.178SerGlu: 5.178 ± 0.04	3.057SerPhe: 3.057 ± 0.019	5.106SerGly: 5.106 ± 0.027	2.012SerHis: 2.012 ± 0.016	3.535SerIle: 3.535 ± 0.024	4.362SerLys: 4.362 ± 0.031	7.901SerLeu: 7.901 ± 0.044	1.724SerMet: 1.724 ± 0.018	2.892SerAsn: 2.892 ± 0.024	5.372SerPro: 5.372 ± 0.037	3.633SerGln: 3.633 ± 0.025	4.184SerArg: 4.184 ± 0.029	9.325SerSer: 9.325 ± 0.065	4.541SerThr: 4.541 ± 0.03	4.998SerVal: 4.998 ± 0.03	0.977SerTrp: 0.977 ± 0.011	2.169SerTyr: 2.169 ± 0.017	0.323SerXaa: 0.323 ± 0.007
Thr	3.936ThrAla: 3.936 ± 0.025	1.293ThrCys: 1.293 ± 0.02	2.642ThrAsp: 2.642 ± 0.02	3.69ThrGlu: 3.69 ± 0.028	2.067ThrPhe: 2.067 ± 0.019	3.439ThrGly: 3.439 ± 0.023	1.148ThrHis: 1.148 ± 0.012	2.437ThrIle: 2.437 ± 0.017	2.776ThrLys: 2.776 ± 0.023	4.99ThrLeu: 4.99 ± 0.027	1.169ThrMet: 1.169 ± 0.014	1.844ThrAsn: 1.844 ± 0.017	3.073ThrPro: 3.073 ± 0.028	2.11ThrGln: 2.11 ± 0.02	2.285ThrArg: 2.285 ± 0.017	4.578ThrSer: 4.578 ± 0.036	2.938ThrThr: 2.938 ± 0.026	3.992ThrVal: 3.992 ± 0.029	0.673ThrTrp: 0.673 ± 0.011	1.463ThrTyr: 1.463 ± 0.015	0.194ThrXaa: 0.194 ± 0.005
Val	4.232ValAla: 4.232 ± 0.027	1.459ValCys: 1.459 ± 0.015	2.904ValAsp: 2.904 ± 0.021	3.994ValGlu: 3.994 ± 0.027	2.51ValPhe: 2.51 ± 0.022	3.304ValGly: 3.304 ± 0.024	1.537ValHis: 1.537 ± 0.015	3.061ValIle: 3.061 ± 0.021	3.691ValLys: 3.691 ± 0.026	6.374ValLeu: 6.374 ± 0.037	1.466ValMet: 1.466 ± 0.014	2.416ValAsn: 2.416 ± 0.019	3.543ValPro: 3.543 ± 0.026	2.808ValGln: 2.808 ± 0.024	2.944ValArg: 2.944 ± 0.019	4.936ValSer: 4.936 ± 0.033	3.784ValThr: 3.784 ± 0.026	4.216ValVal: 4.216 ± 0.036	0.716ValTrp: 0.716 ± 0.011	1.736ValTyr: 1.736 ± 0.016	0.226ValXaa: 0.226 ± 0.005
Trp	0.7TrpAla: 0.7 ± 0.009	0.248TrpCys: 0.248 ± 0.006	0.667TrpAsp: 0.667 ± 0.011	0.794TrpGlu: 0.794 ± 0.012	0.443TrpPhe: 0.443 ± 0.009	0.67TrpGly: 0.67 ± 0.012	0.304TrpHis: 0.304 ± 0.006	0.585TrpIle: 0.585 ± 0.01	0.849TrpLys: 0.849 ± 0.01	1.22TrpLeu: 1.22 ± 0.013	0.325TrpMet: 0.325 ± 0.007	0.541TrpAsn: 0.541 ± 0.009	0.447TrpPro: 0.447 ± 0.007	0.552TrpGln: 0.552 ± 0.008	0.693TrpArg: 0.693 ± 0.01	0.893TrpSer: 0.893 ± 0.012	0.642TrpThr: 0.642 ± 0.01	0.692TrpVal: 0.692 ± 0.011	0.191TrpTrp: 0.191 ± 0.005	0.357TrpTyr: 0.357 ± 0.006	0.04TrpXaa: 0.04 ± 0.003
Tyr	1.474TyrAla: 1.474 ± 0.015	0.732TyrCys: 0.732 ± 0.011	1.36TyrAsp: 1.36 ± 0.014	1.739TyrGlu: 1.739 ± 0.015	1.272TyrPhe: 1.272 ± 0.015	1.749TyrGly: 1.749 ± 0.019	0.775TyrHis: 0.775 ± 0.012	1.501TyrIle: 1.501 ± 0.016	1.582TyrLys: 1.582 ± 0.019	2.799TyrLeu: 2.799 ± 0.019	0.669TyrMet: 0.669 ± 0.009	1.186TyrAsn: 1.186 ± 0.013	1.323TyrPro: 1.323 ± 0.015	1.263TyrGln: 1.263 ± 0.015	1.632TyrArg: 1.632 ± 0.016	2.371TyrSer: 2.371 ± 0.019	1.559TyrThr: 1.559 ± 0.017	1.624TyrVal: 1.624 ± 0.014	0.372TyrTrp: 0.372 ± 0.009	1.034TyrTyr: 1.034 ± 0.014	0.108TyrXaa: 0.108 ± 0.003
Xaa	0.319XaaAla: 0.319 ± 0.006	0.081XaaCys: 0.081 ± 0.003	0.222XaaAsp: 0.222 ± 0.005	0.348XaaGlu: 0.348 ± 0.007	0.103XaaPhe: 0.103 ± 0.003	0.34XaaGly: 0.34 ± 0.007	0.084XaaHis: 0.084 ± 0.003	0.121XaaIle: 0.121 ± 0.004	0.172XaaLys: 0.172 ± 0.005	0.316XaaLeu: 0.316 ± 0.007	0.071XaaMet: 0.071 ± 0.003	0.103XaaAsn: 0.103 ± 0.004	0.197XaaPro: 0.197 ± 0.004	0.158XaaGln: 0.158 ± 0.005	0.163XaaArg: 0.163 ± 0.004	0.288XaaSer: 0.288 ± 0.006	0.153XaaThr: 0.153 ± 0.004	0.328XaaVal: 0.328 ± 0.007	0.045XaaTrp: 0.045 ± 0.002	0.083XaaTyr: 0.083 ± 0.003	0.68XaaXaa: 0.68 ± 0.105

Statistics based on 16092 proteins (8336878 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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