Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Bos indicus x Bos taurus (Hybrid cattle)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.144AlaAla: 7.144 ± 0.035	1.383AlaCys: 1.383 ± 0.01	2.982AlaAsp: 2.982 ± 0.011	4.951AlaGlu: 4.951 ± 0.024	2.637AlaPhe: 2.637 ± 0.013	5.176AlaGly: 5.176 ± 0.024	1.546AlaHis: 1.546 ± 0.008	2.671AlaIle: 2.671 ± 0.012	3.431AlaLys: 3.431 ± 0.017	7.186AlaLeu: 7.186 ± 0.025	1.462AlaMet: 1.462 ± 0.008	1.997AlaAsn: 1.997 ± 0.009	4.493AlaPro: 4.493 ± 0.022	3.238AlaGln: 3.238 ± 0.017	3.958AlaArg: 3.958 ± 0.02	5.933AlaSer: 5.933 ± 0.02	3.477AlaThr: 3.477 ± 0.017	4.708AlaVal: 4.708 ± 0.019	0.825AlaTrp: 0.825 ± 0.007	1.476AlaTyr: 1.476 ± 0.009	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.293CysAla: 1.293 ± 0.01	0.601CysCys: 0.601 ± 0.008	1.007CysAsp: 1.007 ± 0.01	1.303CysGlu: 1.303 ± 0.01	0.853CysPhe: 0.853 ± 0.006	1.681CysGly: 1.681 ± 0.014	0.639CysHis: 0.639 ± 0.007	0.966CysIle: 0.966 ± 0.008	1.103CysLys: 1.103 ± 0.008	2.218CysLeu: 2.218 ± 0.013	0.393CysMet: 0.393 ± 0.004	0.75CysAsn: 0.75 ± 0.008	1.404CysPro: 1.404 ± 0.014	1.079CysGln: 1.079 ± 0.011	1.315CysArg: 1.315 ± 0.009	2.088CysSer: 2.088 ± 0.014	1.076CysThr: 1.076 ± 0.01	1.328CysVal: 1.328 ± 0.01	0.329CysTrp: 0.329 ± 0.004	0.544CysTyr: 0.544 ± 0.005	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.935AspAla: 2.935 ± 0.013	1.107AspCys: 1.107 ± 0.01	2.602AspAsp: 2.602 ± 0.014	3.348AspGlu: 3.348 ± 0.017	2.081AspPhe: 2.081 ± 0.01	3.387AspGly: 3.387 ± 0.018	1.205AspHis: 1.205 ± 0.007	2.532AspIle: 2.532 ± 0.014	2.445AspLys: 2.445 ± 0.012	4.972AspLeu: 4.972 ± 0.018	1.07AspMet: 1.07 ± 0.008	1.59AspAsn: 1.59 ± 0.01	2.927AspPro: 2.927 ± 0.013	1.857AspGln: 1.857 ± 0.009	2.461AspArg: 2.461 ± 0.012	4.189AspSer: 4.189 ± 0.019	2.461AspThr: 2.461 ± 0.011	3.047AspVal: 3.047 ± 0.018	0.688AspTrp: 0.688 ± 0.006	1.445AspTyr: 1.445 ± 0.008	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	5.387GluAla: 5.387 ± 0.026	1.392GluCys: 1.392 ± 0.012	4.361GluAsp: 4.361 ± 0.018	7.851GluGlu: 7.851 ± 0.04	2.013GluPhe: 2.013 ± 0.009	4.223GluGly: 4.223 ± 0.017	1.474GluHis: 1.474 ± 0.008	3.155GluIle: 3.155 ± 0.014	5.356GluLys: 5.356 ± 0.029	6.488GluLeu: 6.488 ± 0.026	1.666GluMet: 1.666 ± 0.01	3.02GluAsn: 3.02 ± 0.016	3.342GluPro: 3.342 ± 0.02	3.064GluGln: 3.064 ± 0.018	4.038GluArg: 4.038 ± 0.021	4.474GluSer: 4.474 ± 0.019	3.457GluThr: 3.457 ± 0.015	4.124GluVal: 4.124 ± 0.017	0.679GluTrp: 0.679 ± 0.007	1.568GluTyr: 1.568 ± 0.009	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	1.895PheAla: 1.895 ± 0.009	0.95PheCys: 0.95 ± 0.007	1.64PheAsp: 1.64 ± 0.008	1.956PheGlu: 1.956 ± 0.009	1.595PhePhe: 1.595 ± 0.009	2.129PheGly: 2.129 ± 0.012	1.02PheHis: 1.02 ± 0.006	1.87PheIle: 1.87 ± 0.011	1.739PheLys: 1.739 ± 0.009	4.068PheLeu: 4.068 ± 0.018	0.747PheMet: 0.747 ± 0.006	1.352PheAsn: 1.352 ± 0.007	2.012PhePro: 2.012 ± 0.01	1.845PheGln: 1.845 ± 0.009	1.971PheArg: 1.971 ± 0.01	3.325PheSer: 3.325 ± 0.014	1.99PheThr: 1.99 ± 0.011	2.065PheVal: 2.065 ± 0.011	0.487PheTrp: 0.487 ± 0.005	1.184PheTyr: 1.184 ± 0.008	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	4.804GlyAla: 4.804 ± 0.022	1.377GlyCys: 1.377 ± 0.01	3.148GlyAsp: 3.148 ± 0.015	4.12GlyGlu: 4.12 ± 0.02	2.384GlyPhe: 2.384 ± 0.013	5.311GlyGly: 5.311 ± 0.029	1.747GlyHis: 1.747 ± 0.009	2.783GlyIle: 2.783 ± 0.014	3.711GlyLys: 3.711 ± 0.017	5.954GlyLeu: 5.954 ± 0.02	1.276GlyMet: 1.276 ± 0.009	2.287GlyAsn: 2.287 ± 0.012	4.567GlyPro: 4.567 ± 0.041	2.81GlyGln: 2.81 ± 0.015	4.147GlyArg: 4.147 ± 0.02	5.925GlySer: 5.925 ± 0.024	3.611GlyThr: 3.611 ± 0.014	3.588GlyVal: 3.588 ± 0.015	0.817GlyTrp: 0.817 ± 0.008	1.653GlyTyr: 1.653 ± 0.011	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.358HisAla: 1.358 ± 0.008	0.703HisCys: 0.703 ± 0.007	0.91HisAsp: 0.91 ± 0.007	1.289HisGlu: 1.289 ± 0.008	1.049HisPhe: 1.049 ± 0.007	1.6HisGly: 1.6 ± 0.009	0.901HisHis: 0.901 ± 0.01	1.178HisIle: 1.178 ± 0.007	1.203HisLys: 1.203 ± 0.008	2.95HisLeu: 2.95 ± 0.015	0.551HisMet: 0.551 ± 0.005	0.841HisAsn: 0.841 ± 0.006	1.667HisPro: 1.667 ± 0.01	1.298HisGln: 1.298 ± 0.01	1.609HisArg: 1.609 ± 0.009	2.255HisSer: 2.255 ± 0.011	1.445HisThr: 1.445 ± 0.01	1.478HisVal: 1.478 ± 0.009	0.346HisTrp: 0.346 ± 0.004	0.766HisTyr: 0.766 ± 0.005	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.576IleAla: 2.576 ± 0.012	1.074IleCys: 1.074 ± 0.008	2.007IleAsp: 2.007 ± 0.011	2.483IleGlu: 2.483 ± 0.012	1.878IlePhe: 1.878 ± 0.01	2.143IleGly: 2.143 ± 0.011	1.29IleHis: 1.29 ± 0.009	2.31IleIle: 2.31 ± 0.014	2.673IleLys: 2.673 ± 0.015	4.632IleLeu: 4.632 ± 0.019	1.03IleMet: 1.03 ± 0.007	1.827IleAsn: 1.827 ± 0.013	2.631IlePro: 2.631 ± 0.011	2.303IleGln: 2.303 ± 0.013	2.334IleArg: 2.334 ± 0.009	3.694IleSer: 3.694 ± 0.015	2.613IleThr: 2.613 ± 0.013	2.372IleVal: 2.372 ± 0.012	0.522IleTrp: 0.522 ± 0.005	1.387IleTyr: 1.387 ± 0.009	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.114LysAla: 4.114 ± 0.017	1.087LysCys: 1.087 ± 0.01	3.148LysAsp: 3.148 ± 0.016	5.139LysGlu: 5.139 ± 0.029	1.655LysPhe: 1.655 ± 0.009	3.317LysGly: 3.317 ± 0.02	1.355LysHis: 1.355 ± 0.008	2.899LysIle: 2.899 ± 0.014	4.638LysLys: 4.638 ± 0.026	5.126LysLeu: 5.126 ± 0.022	1.405LysMet: 1.405 ± 0.01	2.322LysAsn: 2.322 ± 0.014	3.032LysPro: 3.032 ± 0.018	2.548LysGln: 2.548 ± 0.013	3.265LysArg: 3.265 ± 0.017	3.89LysSer: 3.89 ± 0.019	3.148LysThr: 3.148 ± 0.015	3.543LysVal: 3.543 ± 0.014	0.626LysTrp: 0.626 ± 0.005	1.47LysTyr: 1.47 ± 0.01	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.73LeuAla: 6.73 ± 0.026	2.152LeuCys: 2.152 ± 0.013	4.65LeuAsp: 4.65 ± 0.019	7.204LeuGlu: 7.204 ± 0.03	3.416LeuPhe: 3.416 ± 0.017	5.948LeuGly: 5.948 ± 0.024	2.707LeuHis: 2.707 ± 0.013	3.779LeuIle: 3.779 ± 0.015	5.919LeuLys: 5.919 ± 0.023	10.827LeuLeu: 10.827 ± 0.04	2.034LeuMet: 2.034 ± 0.01	3.473LeuAsn: 3.473 ± 0.014	6.107LeuPro: 6.107 ± 0.024	5.792LeuGln: 5.792 ± 0.025	6.052LeuArg: 6.052 ± 0.023	8.019LeuSer: 8.019 ± 0.024	5.03LeuThr: 5.03 ± 0.018	5.431LeuVal: 5.431 ± 0.019	1.21LeuTrp: 1.21 ± 0.009	2.541LeuTyr: 2.541 ± 0.012	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	1.909MetAla: 1.909 ± 0.009	0.38MetCys: 0.38 ± 0.004	1.251MetAsp: 1.251 ± 0.007	1.794MetGlu: 1.794 ± 0.009	0.69MetPhe: 0.69 ± 0.006	1.299MetGly: 1.299 ± 0.009	0.426MetHis: 0.426 ± 0.004	0.828MetIle: 0.828 ± 0.006	1.45MetLys: 1.45 ± 0.008	1.957MetLeu: 1.957 ± 0.01	0.551MetMet: 0.551 ± 0.005	0.869MetAsn: 0.869 ± 0.007	1.043MetPro: 1.043 ± 0.011	0.884MetGln: 0.884 ± 0.006	1.067MetArg: 1.067 ± 0.007	1.501MetSer: 1.501 ± 0.007	1.108MetThr: 1.108 ± 0.007	1.353MetVal: 1.353 ± 0.007	0.233MetTrp: 0.233 ± 0.003	0.592MetTyr: 0.592 ± 0.005	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.026AsnAla: 2.026 ± 0.01	0.805AsnCys: 0.805 ± 0.006	1.434AsnAsp: 1.434 ± 0.009	2.117AsnGlu: 2.117 ± 0.012	1.406AsnPhe: 1.406 ± 0.008	2.374AsnGly: 2.374 ± 0.013	0.934AsnHis: 0.934 ± 0.007	2.2AsnIle: 2.2 ± 0.013	2.182AsnLys: 2.182 ± 0.013	3.714AsnLeu: 3.714 ± 0.016	0.852AsnMet: 0.852 ± 0.007	1.47AsnAsn: 1.47 ± 0.01	2.112AsnPro: 2.112 ± 0.011	1.629AsnGln: 1.629 ± 0.009	1.791AsnArg: 1.791 ± 0.011	3.003AsnSer: 3.003 ± 0.015	1.89AsnThr: 1.89 ± 0.012	2.087AsnVal: 2.087 ± 0.01	0.432AsnTrp: 0.432 ± 0.005	1.076AsnTyr: 1.076 ± 0.008	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	5.223ProAla: 5.223 ± 0.024	1.193ProCys: 1.193 ± 0.012	2.89ProAsp: 2.89 ± 0.015	4.477ProGlu: 4.477 ± 0.021	1.885ProPhe: 1.885 ± 0.011	5.638ProGly: 5.638 ± 0.047	1.44ProHis: 1.44 ± 0.01	1.828ProIle: 1.828 ± 0.008	2.787ProLys: 2.787 ± 0.022	5.309ProLeu: 5.309 ± 0.022	1.016ProMet: 1.016 ± 0.008	1.707ProAsn: 1.707 ± 0.009	6.42ProPro: 6.42 ± 0.047	2.88ProGln: 2.88 ± 0.017	3.614ProArg: 3.614 ± 0.018	5.839ProSer: 5.839 ± 0.027	3.122ProThr: 3.122 ± 0.016	3.893ProVal: 3.893 ± 0.015	0.749ProTrp: 0.749 ± 0.006	1.425ProTyr: 1.425 ± 0.011	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	3.571GlnAla: 3.571 ± 0.016	0.936GlnCys: 0.936 ± 0.008	2.329GlnAsp: 2.329 ± 0.011	3.954GlnGlu: 3.954 ± 0.022	1.328GlnPhe: 1.328 ± 0.008	2.886GlnGly: 2.886 ± 0.014	1.265GlnHis: 1.265 ± 0.008	2.038GlnIle: 2.038 ± 0.01	2.974GlnLys: 2.974 ± 0.017	4.669GlnLeu: 4.669 ± 0.022	1.074GlnMet: 1.074 ± 0.007	1.771GlnAsn: 1.771 ± 0.009	2.824GlnPro: 2.824 ± 0.016	3.033GlnGln: 3.033 ± 0.025	3.004GlnArg: 3.004 ± 0.015	3.102GlnSer: 3.102 ± 0.015	2.279GlnThr: 2.279 ± 0.013	2.748GlnVal: 2.748 ± 0.013	0.557GlnTrp: 0.557 ± 0.005	1.144GlnTyr: 1.144 ± 0.008	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	4.08ArgAla: 4.08 ± 0.018	1.255ArgCys: 1.255 ± 0.011	2.815ArgAsp: 2.815 ± 0.013	4.094ArgGlu: 4.094 ± 0.019	1.819ArgPhe: 1.819 ± 0.01	3.863ArgGly: 3.863 ± 0.02	1.51ArgHis: 1.51 ± 0.008	2.387ArgIle: 2.387 ± 0.011	3.644ArgLys: 3.644 ± 0.017	5.557ArgLeu: 5.557 ± 0.022	1.18ArgMet: 1.18 ± 0.007	2.213ArgAsn: 2.213 ± 0.011	3.468ArgPro: 3.468 ± 0.017	2.683ArgGln: 2.683 ± 0.013	4.714ArgArg: 4.714 ± 0.023	4.373ArgSer: 4.373 ± 0.027	2.913ArgThr: 2.913 ± 0.013	3.213ArgVal: 3.213 ± 0.013	0.777ArgTrp: 0.777 ± 0.007	1.455ArgTyr: 1.455 ± 0.008	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.384SerAla: 5.384 ± 0.018	1.855SerCys: 1.855 ± 0.013	3.891SerAsp: 3.891 ± 0.021	5.273SerGlu: 5.273 ± 0.022	2.986SerPhe: 2.986 ± 0.014	5.731SerGly: 5.731 ± 0.023	2.125SerHis: 2.125 ± 0.011	3.232SerIle: 3.232 ± 0.013	4.061SerLys: 4.061 ± 0.018	8.247SerLeu: 8.247 ± 0.023	1.559SerMet: 1.559 ± 0.009	2.618SerAsn: 2.618 ± 0.012	6.25SerPro: 6.25 ± 0.032	3.852SerGln: 3.852 ± 0.016	4.657SerArg: 4.657 ± 0.026	9.28SerSer: 9.28 ± 0.047	4.387SerThr: 4.387 ± 0.019	4.849SerVal: 4.849 ± 0.016	1.148SerTrp: 1.148 ± 0.007	2.003SerTyr: 2.003 ± 0.009	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.785ThrAla: 3.785 ± 0.015	1.326ThrCys: 1.326 ± 0.012	2.481ThrAsp: 2.481 ± 0.013	3.529ThrGlu: 3.529 ± 0.015	2.035ThrPhe: 2.035 ± 0.011	3.532ThrGly: 3.532 ± 0.016	1.252ThrHis: 1.252 ± 0.008	2.333ThrIle: 2.333 ± 0.01	2.607ThrLys: 2.607 ± 0.013	5.282ThrLeu: 5.282 ± 0.017	1.075ThrMet: 1.075 ± 0.007	1.663ThrAsn: 1.663 ± 0.009	3.628ThrPro: 3.628 ± 0.019	2.261ThrGln: 2.261 ± 0.011	2.534ThrArg: 2.534 ± 0.011	4.555ThrSer: 4.555 ± 0.018	3.031ThrThr: 3.031 ± 0.031	3.976ThrVal: 3.976 ± 0.019	0.689ThrTrp: 0.689 ± 0.006	1.369ThrTyr: 1.369 ± 0.008	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.145ValAla: 4.145 ± 0.015	1.466ValCys: 1.466 ± 0.011	2.919ValAsp: 2.919 ± 0.017	3.822ValGlu: 3.822 ± 0.015	2.394ValPhe: 2.394 ± 0.012	3.4ValGly: 3.4 ± 0.015	1.546ValHis: 1.546 ± 0.009	2.853ValIle: 2.853 ± 0.013	3.451ValLys: 3.451 ± 0.015	6.113ValLeu: 6.113 ± 0.02	1.371ValMet: 1.371 ± 0.01	2.201ValAsn: 2.201 ± 0.011	3.607ValPro: 3.607 ± 0.017	2.688ValGln: 2.688 ± 0.014	3.126ValArg: 3.126 ± 0.013	4.91ValSer: 4.91 ± 0.017	3.693ValThr: 3.693 ± 0.016	3.889ValVal: 3.889 ± 0.017	0.723ValTrp: 0.723 ± 0.006	1.587ValTyr: 1.587 ± 0.01	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.831TrpAla: 0.831 ± 0.008	0.267TrpCys: 0.267 ± 0.004	0.656TrpAsp: 0.656 ± 0.006	0.839TrpGlu: 0.839 ± 0.007	0.48TrpPhe: 0.48 ± 0.005	0.754TrpGly: 0.754 ± 0.007	0.296TrpHis: 0.296 ± 0.003	0.581TrpIle: 0.581 ± 0.005	0.881TrpLys: 0.881 ± 0.006	1.211TrpLeu: 1.211 ± 0.008	0.311TrpMet: 0.311 ± 0.004	0.533TrpAsn: 0.533 ± 0.005	0.57TrpPro: 0.57 ± 0.006	0.53TrpGln: 0.53 ± 0.005	0.802TrpArg: 0.802 ± 0.006	0.887TrpSer: 0.887 ± 0.008	0.736TrpThr: 0.736 ± 0.007	0.696TrpVal: 0.696 ± 0.006	0.201TrpTrp: 0.201 ± 0.003	0.329TrpTyr: 0.329 ± 0.004	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.483TyrAla: 1.483 ± 0.009	0.658TyrCys: 0.658 ± 0.006	1.23TyrAsp: 1.23 ± 0.009	1.588TyrGlu: 1.588 ± 0.009	1.252TyrPhe: 1.252 ± 0.008	1.629TyrGly: 1.629 ± 0.01	0.719TyrHis: 0.719 ± 0.005	1.357TyrIle: 1.357 ± 0.009	1.473TyrLys: 1.473 ± 0.017	2.542TyrLeu: 2.542 ± 0.012	0.565TyrMet: 0.565 ± 0.005	1.028TyrAsn: 1.028 ± 0.008	1.232TyrPro: 1.232 ± 0.008	1.214TyrGln: 1.214 ± 0.008	1.557TyrArg: 1.557 ± 0.01	2.15TyrSer: 2.15 ± 0.011	1.475TyrThr: 1.475 ± 0.009	1.513TyrVal: 1.513 ± 0.009	0.351TyrTrp: 0.351 ± 0.005	0.897TyrTyr: 0.897 ± 0.008	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 42151 proteins (25731042 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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