Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Setaria italica (Foxtail millet) (Panicum italicum)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	14.119AlaAla: 14.119 ± 0.069	1.657AlaCys: 1.657 ± 0.011	4.336AlaAsp: 4.336 ± 0.019	5.123AlaGlu: 5.123 ± 0.024	3.047AlaPhe: 3.047 ± 0.015	6.942AlaGly: 6.942 ± 0.032	1.813AlaHis: 1.813 ± 0.012	3.611AlaIle: 3.611 ± 0.02	3.778AlaLys: 3.778 ± 0.018	8.129AlaLeu: 8.129 ± 0.03	2.267AlaMet: 2.267 ± 0.013	2.572AlaAsn: 2.572 ± 0.015	5.157AlaPro: 5.157 ± 0.027	2.52AlaGln: 2.52 ± 0.013	5.603AlaArg: 5.603 ± 0.025	7.512AlaSer: 7.512 ± 0.028	4.693AlaThr: 4.693 ± 0.02	6.75AlaVal: 6.75 ± 0.027	1.044AlaTrp: 1.044 ± 0.009	2.021AlaTyr: 2.021 ± 0.013	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.431CysAla: 1.431 ± 0.01	0.612CysCys: 0.612 ± 0.008	0.894CysAsp: 0.894 ± 0.007	0.826CysGlu: 0.826 ± 0.009	0.848CysPhe: 0.848 ± 0.009	1.537CysGly: 1.537 ± 0.012	0.531CysHis: 0.531 ± 0.008	0.923CysIle: 0.923 ± 0.009	0.982CysLys: 0.982 ± 0.01	1.844CysLeu: 1.844 ± 0.012	0.477CysMet: 0.477 ± 0.006	0.747CysAsn: 0.747 ± 0.007	1.059CysPro: 1.059 ± 0.01	0.583CysGln: 0.583 ± 0.006	1.359CysArg: 1.359 ± 0.011	1.874CysSer: 1.874 ± 0.013	0.985CysThr: 0.985 ± 0.009	1.153CysVal: 1.153 ± 0.009	0.269CysTrp: 0.269 ± 0.004	0.548CysTyr: 0.548 ± 0.006	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	4.888AspAla: 4.888 ± 0.02	0.922AspCys: 0.922 ± 0.008	4.041AspAsp: 4.041 ± 0.022	3.869AspGlu: 3.869 ± 0.021	1.994AspPhe: 1.994 ± 0.014	4.596AspGly: 4.596 ± 0.019	1.236AspHis: 1.236 ± 0.01	2.649AspIle: 2.649 ± 0.013	2.38AspLys: 2.38 ± 0.014	4.946AspLeu: 4.946 ± 0.022	1.403AspMet: 1.403 ± 0.01	1.753AspAsn: 1.753 ± 0.012	2.837AspPro: 2.837 ± 0.015	1.58AspGln: 1.58 ± 0.011	2.768AspArg: 2.768 ± 0.016	3.582AspSer: 3.582 ± 0.017	2.24AspThr: 2.24 ± 0.013	3.813AspVal: 3.813 ± 0.016	0.715AspTrp: 0.715 ± 0.007	1.451AspTyr: 1.451 ± 0.011	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	5.464GluAla: 5.464 ± 0.026	0.869GluCys: 0.869 ± 0.008	3.725GluAsp: 3.725 ± 0.02	5.547GluGlu: 5.547 ± 0.03	2.029GluPhe: 2.029 ± 0.013	3.734GluGly: 3.734 ± 0.016	1.408GluHis: 1.408 ± 0.01	2.909GluIle: 2.909 ± 0.016	3.658GluLys: 3.658 ± 0.025	5.867GluLeu: 5.867 ± 0.027	1.645GluMet: 1.645 ± 0.011	2.173GluAsn: 2.173 ± 0.014	2.416GluPro: 2.416 ± 0.014	2.226GluGln: 2.226 ± 0.016	3.571GluArg: 3.571 ± 0.021	3.726GluSer: 3.726 ± 0.021	2.53GluThr: 2.53 ± 0.014	4.064GluVal: 4.064 ± 0.018	0.742GluTrp: 0.742 ± 0.006	1.484GluTyr: 1.484 ± 0.012	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.884PheAla: 2.884 ± 0.014	0.812PheCys: 0.812 ± 0.008	2.141PheAsp: 2.141 ± 0.012	1.881PheGlu: 1.881 ± 0.013	1.702PhePhe: 1.702 ± 0.013	2.869PheGly: 2.869 ± 0.016	1.034PheHis: 1.034 ± 0.008	1.636PheIle: 1.636 ± 0.011	1.555PheLys: 1.555 ± 0.012	3.934PheLeu: 3.934 ± 0.019	0.872PheMet: 0.872 ± 0.008	1.317PheAsn: 1.317 ± 0.011	1.933PhePro: 1.933 ± 0.012	1.274PheGln: 1.274 ± 0.009	2.079PheArg: 2.079 ± 0.011	3.225PheSer: 3.225 ± 0.015	1.783PheThr: 1.783 ± 0.013	2.637PheVal: 2.637 ± 0.013	0.535PheTrp: 0.535 ± 0.007	1.08PheTyr: 1.08 ± 0.009	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	6.441GlyAla: 6.441 ± 0.028	1.504GlyCys: 1.504 ± 0.012	3.992GlyAsp: 3.992 ± 0.022	3.924GlyGlu: 3.924 ± 0.019	2.859GlyPhe: 2.859 ± 0.015	7.703GlyGly: 7.703 ± 0.051	1.807GlyHis: 1.807 ± 0.014	3.132GlyIle: 3.132 ± 0.017	3.635GlyLys: 3.635 ± 0.018	6.03GlyLeu: 6.03 ± 0.022	1.66GlyMet: 1.66 ± 0.011	2.707GlyAsn: 2.707 ± 0.018	2.973GlyPro: 2.973 ± 0.018	2.181GlyGln: 2.181 ± 0.014	4.896GlyArg: 4.896 ± 0.026	6.094GlySer: 6.094 ± 0.025	3.597GlyThr: 3.597 ± 0.017	4.696GlyVal: 4.696 ± 0.019	1.032GlyTrp: 1.032 ± 0.008	2.088GlyTyr: 2.088 ± 0.014	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.962HisAla: 1.962 ± 0.011	0.574HisCys: 0.574 ± 0.006	1.273HisAsp: 1.273 ± 0.011	1.281HisGlu: 1.281 ± 0.01	0.943HisPhe: 0.943 ± 0.009	2.183HisGly: 2.183 ± 0.013	1.07HisHis: 1.07 ± 0.011	1.08HisIle: 1.08 ± 0.009	0.99HisLys: 0.99 ± 0.009	2.566HisLeu: 2.566 ± 0.016	0.578HisMet: 0.578 ± 0.007	0.811HisAsn: 0.811 ± 0.008	1.567HisPro: 1.567 ± 0.012	0.945HisGln: 0.945 ± 0.009	1.748HisArg: 1.748 ± 0.011	1.725HisSer: 1.725 ± 0.012	0.996HisThr: 0.996 ± 0.009	1.654HisVal: 1.654 ± 0.011	0.32HisTrp: 0.32 ± 0.005	0.675HisTyr: 0.675 ± 0.007	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.498IleAla: 3.498 ± 0.019	0.975IleCys: 0.975 ± 0.007	2.481IleAsp: 2.481 ± 0.014	2.46IleGlu: 2.46 ± 0.015	1.78IlePhe: 1.78 ± 0.013	2.988IleGly: 2.988 ± 0.015	1.107IleHis: 1.107 ± 0.008	2.219IleIle: 2.219 ± 0.015	2.226IleLys: 2.226 ± 0.014	4.315IleLeu: 4.315 ± 0.024	1.01IleMet: 1.01 ± 0.008	1.635IleAsn: 1.635 ± 0.012	2.483IlePro: 2.483 ± 0.019	1.573IleGln: 1.573 ± 0.012	2.496IleArg: 2.496 ± 0.014	3.744IleSer: 3.744 ± 0.019	2.243IleThr: 2.243 ± 0.012	3.025IleVal: 3.025 ± 0.017	0.604IleTrp: 0.604 ± 0.008	1.237IleTyr: 1.237 ± 0.009	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.897LysAla: 3.897 ± 0.017	0.819LysCys: 0.819 ± 0.008	2.746LysAsp: 2.746 ± 0.018	3.636LysGlu: 3.636 ± 0.025	1.625LysPhe: 1.625 ± 0.011	3.066LysGly: 3.066 ± 0.017	1.203LysHis: 1.203 ± 0.009	2.455LysIle: 2.455 ± 0.016	3.576LysLys: 3.576 ± 0.027	4.849LysLeu: 4.849 ± 0.022	1.253LysMet: 1.253 ± 0.01	1.921LysAsn: 1.921 ± 0.013	2.353LysPro: 2.353 ± 0.014	1.924LysGln: 1.924 ± 0.013	3.138LysArg: 3.138 ± 0.014	3.324LysSer: 3.324 ± 0.019	2.16LysThr: 2.16 ± 0.012	3.244LysVal: 3.244 ± 0.016	0.621LysTrp: 0.621 ± 0.007	1.373LysTyr: 1.373 ± 0.013	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	8.311LeuAla: 8.311 ± 0.03	1.896LeuCys: 1.896 ± 0.014	5.081LeuAsp: 5.081 ± 0.021	5.74LeuGlu: 5.74 ± 0.028	3.431LeuPhe: 3.431 ± 0.018	6.061LeuGly: 6.061 ± 0.022	2.758LeuHis: 2.758 ± 0.013	3.712LeuIle: 3.712 ± 0.02	4.771LeuLys: 4.771 ± 0.023	10.533LeuLeu: 10.533 ± 0.037	2.052LeuMet: 2.052 ± 0.014	3.046LeuAsn: 3.046 ± 0.016	6.007LeuPro: 6.007 ± 0.026	4.039LeuGln: 4.039 ± 0.02	6.447LeuArg: 6.447 ± 0.025	7.71LeuSer: 7.71 ± 0.031	4.264LeuThr: 4.264 ± 0.022	6.594LeuVal: 6.594 ± 0.02	1.169LeuTrp: 1.169 ± 0.009	2.358LeuTyr: 2.358 ± 0.015	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	2.662MetAla: 2.662 ± 0.015	0.365MetCys: 0.365 ± 0.006	1.445MetAsp: 1.445 ± 0.01	1.811MetGlu: 1.811 ± 0.012	0.779MetPhe: 0.779 ± 0.008	1.54MetGly: 1.54 ± 0.012	0.597MetHis: 0.597 ± 0.007	1.004MetIle: 1.004 ± 0.009	1.275MetLys: 1.275 ± 0.01	2.273MetLeu: 2.273 ± 0.012	0.673MetMet: 0.673 ± 0.007	0.831MetAsn: 0.831 ± 0.008	1.301MetPro: 1.301 ± 0.01	0.943MetGln: 0.943 ± 0.009	1.383MetArg: 1.383 ± 0.01	1.701MetSer: 1.701 ± 0.011	1.049MetThr: 1.049 ± 0.009	1.706MetVal: 1.706 ± 0.012	0.288MetTrp: 0.288 ± 0.004	0.597MetTyr: 0.597 ± 0.007	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.632AsnAla: 2.632 ± 0.015	0.732AsnCys: 0.732 ± 0.008	1.674AsnAsp: 1.674 ± 0.012	1.846AsnGlu: 1.846 ± 0.013	1.432AsnPhe: 1.432 ± 0.011	2.784AsnGly: 2.784 ± 0.017	0.878AsnHis: 0.878 ± 0.008	1.944AsnIle: 1.944 ± 0.013	1.815AsnLys: 1.815 ± 0.013	3.692AsnLeu: 3.692 ± 0.025	0.955AsnMet: 0.955 ± 0.008	1.642AsnAsn: 1.642 ± 0.016	1.927AsnPro: 1.927 ± 0.012	1.246AsnGln: 1.246 ± 0.011	1.758AsnArg: 1.758 ± 0.011	2.761AsnSer: 2.761 ± 0.017	1.632AsnThr: 1.632 ± 0.011	2.263AsnVal: 2.263 ± 0.014	0.473AsnTrp: 0.473 ± 0.006	1.005AsnTyr: 1.005 ± 0.008	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	5.809ProAla: 5.809 ± 0.027	0.99ProCys: 0.99 ± 0.01	2.827ProAsp: 2.827 ± 0.016	3.334ProGlu: 3.334 ± 0.019	1.942ProPhe: 1.942 ± 0.014	3.578ProGly: 3.578 ± 0.021	1.265ProHis: 1.265 ± 0.009	1.921ProIle: 1.921 ± 0.011	2.289ProLys: 2.289 ± 0.014	4.661ProLeu: 4.661 ± 0.02	1.11ProMet: 1.11 ± 0.009	1.896ProAsn: 1.896 ± 0.013	5.649ProPro: 5.649 ± 0.04	1.864ProGln: 1.864 ± 0.014	3.537ProArg: 3.537 ± 0.018	5.441ProSer: 5.441 ± 0.028	2.773ProThr: 2.773 ± 0.015	3.563ProVal: 3.563 ± 0.017	0.724ProTrp: 0.724 ± 0.008	1.327ProTyr: 1.327 ± 0.01	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.697GlnAla: 2.697 ± 0.015	0.601GlnCys: 0.601 ± 0.007	1.619GlnAsp: 1.619 ± 0.01	2.278GlnGlu: 2.278 ± 0.017	1.186GlnPhe: 1.186 ± 0.009	2.205GlnGly: 2.205 ± 0.014	0.995GlnHis: 0.995 ± 0.009	1.576GlnIle: 1.576 ± 0.009	1.837GlnLys: 1.837 ± 0.014	3.538GlnLeu: 3.538 ± 0.019	0.917GlnMet: 0.917 ± 0.009	1.314GlnAsn: 1.314 ± 0.011	1.947GlnPro: 1.947 ± 0.014	2.173GlnGln: 2.173 ± 0.028	2.228GlnArg: 2.228 ± 0.013	2.382GlnSer: 2.382 ± 0.015	1.426GlnThr: 1.426 ± 0.012	2.232GlnVal: 2.232 ± 0.013	0.466GlnTrp: 0.466 ± 0.005	0.904GlnTyr: 0.904 ± 0.009	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	5.349ArgAla: 5.349 ± 0.024	1.319ArgCys: 1.319 ± 0.01	3.06ArgAsp: 3.06 ± 0.016	3.492ArgGlu: 3.492 ± 0.016	2.276ArgPhe: 2.276 ± 0.013	4.338ArgGly: 4.338 ± 0.023	1.719ArgHis: 1.719 ± 0.012	2.657ArgIle: 2.657 ± 0.014	3.333ArgLys: 3.333 ± 0.017	6.041ArgLeu: 6.041 ± 0.024	1.508ArgMet: 1.508 ± 0.01	2.148ArgAsn: 2.148 ± 0.012	3.412ArgPro: 3.412 ± 0.02	2.066ArgGln: 2.066 ± 0.013	6.317ArgArg: 6.317 ± 0.035	4.919ArgSer: 4.919 ± 0.025	2.719ArgThr: 2.719 ± 0.013	3.907ArgVal: 3.907 ± 0.019	1.018ArgTrp: 1.018 ± 0.009	1.636ArgTyr: 1.636 ± 0.013	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.593SerAla: 6.593 ± 0.024	1.729SerCys: 1.729 ± 0.013	3.972SerAsp: 3.972 ± 0.019	3.988SerGlu: 3.988 ± 0.021	3.292SerPhe: 3.292 ± 0.015	5.981SerGly: 5.981 ± 0.025	1.777SerHis: 1.777 ± 0.01	3.605SerIle: 3.605 ± 0.019	3.717SerLys: 3.717 ± 0.02	7.674SerLeu: 7.674 ± 0.033	1.99SerMet: 1.99 ± 0.011	3.02SerAsn: 3.02 ± 0.019	4.903SerPro: 4.903 ± 0.029	2.443SerGln: 2.443 ± 0.015	4.777SerArg: 4.777 ± 0.023	9.587SerSer: 9.587 ± 0.043	4.347SerThr: 4.347 ± 0.022	4.864SerVal: 4.864 ± 0.019	1.165SerTrp: 1.165 ± 0.01	2.111SerTyr: 2.111 ± 0.014	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	4.431ThrAla: 4.431 ± 0.019	0.983ThrCys: 0.983 ± 0.008	2.311ThrAsp: 2.311 ± 0.012	2.529ThrGlu: 2.529 ± 0.016	1.839ThrPhe: 1.839 ± 0.013	3.561ThrGly: 3.561 ± 0.016	0.984ThrHis: 0.984 ± 0.008	2.248ThrIle: 2.248 ± 0.015	2.207ThrLys: 2.207 ± 0.013	4.299ThrLeu: 4.299 ± 0.019	1.198ThrMet: 1.198 ± 0.008	1.722ThrAsn: 1.722 ± 0.013	2.826ThrPro: 2.826 ± 0.017	1.336ThrGln: 1.336 ± 0.01	2.592ThrArg: 2.592 ± 0.014	4.187ThrSer: 4.187 ± 0.02	2.945ThrThr: 2.945 ± 0.016	3.499ThrVal: 3.499 ± 0.017	0.632ThrTrp: 0.632 ± 0.007	1.293ThrTyr: 1.293 ± 0.013	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	6.674ValAla: 6.674 ± 0.027	1.224ValCys: 1.224 ± 0.009	3.869ValAsp: 3.869 ± 0.015	4.096ValGlu: 4.096 ± 0.02	2.537ValPhe: 2.537 ± 0.016	4.445ValGly: 4.445 ± 0.02	1.697ValHis: 1.697 ± 0.01	2.917ValIle: 2.917 ± 0.015	3.141ValLys: 3.141 ± 0.016	6.826ValLeu: 6.826 ± 0.022	1.571ValMet: 1.571 ± 0.011	2.113ValAsn: 2.113 ± 0.013	3.887ValPro: 3.887 ± 0.019	2.29ValGln: 2.29 ± 0.015	3.897ValArg: 3.897 ± 0.018	5.023ValSer: 5.023 ± 0.02	3.345ValThr: 3.345 ± 0.014	5.491ValVal: 5.491 ± 0.026	0.838ValTrp: 0.838 ± 0.008	1.81ValTyr: 1.81 ± 0.012	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	1.0TrpAla: 1.0 ± 0.008	0.285TrpCys: 0.285 ± 0.004	0.692TrpAsp: 0.692 ± 0.008	0.753TrpGlu: 0.753 ± 0.008	0.508TrpPhe: 0.508 ± 0.007	0.788TrpGly: 0.788 ± 0.008	0.337TrpHis: 0.337 ± 0.005	0.617TrpIle: 0.617 ± 0.007	0.756TrpLys: 0.756 ± 0.008	1.289TrpLeu: 1.289 ± 0.009	0.374TrpMet: 0.374 ± 0.005	0.596TrpAsn: 0.596 ± 0.008	0.62TrpPro: 0.62 ± 0.006	0.468TrpGln: 0.468 ± 0.006	1.1TrpArg: 1.1 ± 0.009	1.028TrpSer: 1.028 ± 0.009	0.647TrpThr: 0.647 ± 0.006	0.843TrpVal: 0.843 ± 0.008	0.258TrpTrp: 0.258 ± 0.004	0.349TrpTyr: 0.349 ± 0.005	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.952TyrAla: 1.952 ± 0.013	0.617TyrCys: 0.617 ± 0.006	1.486TyrAsp: 1.486 ± 0.01	1.37TyrGlu: 1.37 ± 0.01	1.13TyrPhe: 1.13 ± 0.009	2.053TyrGly: 2.053 ± 0.014	0.723TyrHis: 0.723 ± 0.008	1.281TyrIle: 1.281 ± 0.009	1.262TyrLys: 1.262 ± 0.01	2.676TyrLeu: 2.676 ± 0.012	0.711TyrMet: 0.711 ± 0.007	1.128TyrAsn: 1.128 ± 0.011	1.242TyrPro: 1.242 ± 0.011	0.848TyrGln: 0.848 ± 0.007	1.54TyrArg: 1.54 ± 0.012	1.988TyrSer: 1.988 ± 0.014	1.248TyrThr: 1.248 ± 0.009	1.693TyrVal: 1.693 ± 0.012	0.398TyrTrp: 0.398 ± 0.005	0.951TyrTyr: 0.951 ± 0.009	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.007XaaXaa: 0.007 ± 0.005

Statistics based on 39467 proteins (14674120 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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