Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila rhopaloa (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	8.716AlaAla: 8.716 ± 0.088	1.358AlaCys: 1.358 ± 0.066	3.342AlaAsp: 3.342 ± 0.018	4.624AlaGlu: 4.624 ± 0.031	2.115AlaPhe: 2.115 ± 0.014	4.985AlaGly: 4.985 ± 0.033	1.656AlaHis: 1.656 ± 0.014	3.388AlaIle: 3.388 ± 0.022	3.928AlaLys: 3.928 ± 0.028	6.102AlaLeu: 6.102 ± 0.038	1.611AlaMet: 1.611 ± 0.014	3.243AlaAsn: 3.243 ± 0.018	4.215AlaPro: 4.215 ± 0.037	3.381AlaGln: 3.381 ± 0.025	3.263AlaArg: 3.263 ± 0.02	6.071AlaSer: 6.071 ± 0.04	4.82AlaThr: 4.82 ± 0.032	4.477AlaVal: 4.477 ± 0.024	0.562AlaTrp: 0.562 ± 0.007	1.674AlaTyr: 1.674 ± 0.013	0.002AlaXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Cys	1.239CysAla: 1.239 ± 0.04	0.444CysCys: 0.444 ± 0.008	1.074CysAsp: 1.074 ± 0.018	1.162CysGlu: 1.162 ± 0.024	0.698CysPhe: 0.698 ± 0.01	1.586CysGly: 1.586 ± 0.083	0.523CysHis: 0.523 ± 0.014	1.086CysIle: 1.086 ± 0.042	0.975CysLys: 0.975 ± 0.02	1.876CysLeu: 1.876 ± 0.058	0.358CysMet: 0.358 ± 0.007	0.897CysAsn: 0.897 ± 0.024	1.254CysPro: 1.254 ± 0.076	1.071CysGln: 1.071 ± 0.059	1.445CysArg: 1.445 ± 0.1	1.762CysSer: 1.762 ± 0.066	1.03CysThr: 1.03 ± 0.037	1.345CysVal: 1.345 ± 0.062	0.174CysTrp: 0.174 ± 0.004	0.553CysTyr: 0.553 ± 0.016	0.001CysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asp	3.485AspAla: 3.485 ± 0.02	1.095AspCys: 1.095 ± 0.034	3.616AspAsp: 3.616 ± 0.037	4.33AspGlu: 4.33 ± 0.033	2.125AspPhe: 2.125 ± 0.016	3.147AspGly: 3.147 ± 0.026	1.136AspHis: 1.136 ± 0.011	2.79AspIle: 2.79 ± 0.022	2.713AspLys: 2.713 ± 0.025	4.781AspLeu: 4.781 ± 0.033	1.214AspMet: 1.214 ± 0.012	2.288AspAsn: 2.288 ± 0.019	2.89AspPro: 2.89 ± 0.07	2.089AspGln: 2.089 ± 0.014	2.626AspArg: 2.626 ± 0.025	4.064AspSer: 4.064 ± 0.026	2.46AspThr: 2.46 ± 0.018	3.253AspVal: 3.253 ± 0.019	0.591AspTrp: 0.591 ± 0.009	1.724AspTyr: 1.724 ± 0.016	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	4.589GluAla: 4.589 ± 0.036	1.478GluCys: 1.478 ± 0.091	4.093GluAsp: 4.093 ± 0.033	6.027GluGlu: 6.027 ± 0.065	2.101GluPhe: 2.101 ± 0.017	3.011GluGly: 3.011 ± 0.024	1.576GluHis: 1.576 ± 0.013	3.247GluIle: 3.247 ± 0.026	4.208GluLys: 4.208 ± 0.043	6.065GluLeu: 6.065 ± 0.044	1.502GluMet: 1.502 ± 0.016	2.914GluAsn: 2.914 ± 0.021	3.099GluPro: 3.099 ± 0.034	3.559GluGln: 3.559 ± 0.031	4.089GluArg: 4.089 ± 0.029	4.444GluSer: 4.444 ± 0.032	3.315GluThr: 3.315 ± 0.031	3.71GluVal: 3.71 ± 0.032	0.567GluTrp: 0.567 ± 0.009	1.742GluTyr: 1.742 ± 0.017	0.003GluXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Phe	2.175PheAla: 2.175 ± 0.015	0.71PheCys: 0.71 ± 0.009	2.044PheAsp: 2.044 ± 0.02	2.09PheGlu: 2.09 ± 0.016	1.373PhePhe: 1.373 ± 0.015	2.338PheGly: 2.338 ± 0.019	0.867PheHis: 0.867 ± 0.009	1.785PheIle: 1.785 ± 0.015	1.802PheLys: 1.802 ± 0.016	3.182PheLeu: 3.182 ± 0.023	0.803PheMet: 0.803 ± 0.009	1.615PheAsn: 1.615 ± 0.014	1.395PhePro: 1.395 ± 0.013	1.43PheGln: 1.43 ± 0.012	1.915PheArg: 1.915 ± 0.019	2.502PheSer: 2.502 ± 0.017	1.783PheThr: 1.783 ± 0.015	2.354PheVal: 2.354 ± 0.015	0.39PheTrp: 0.39 ± 0.006	1.19PheTyr: 1.19 ± 0.014	0.003PheXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Gly	4.649GlyAla: 4.649 ± 0.038	1.108GlyCys: 1.108 ± 0.036	3.184GlyAsp: 3.184 ± 0.028	3.379GlyGlu: 3.379 ± 0.026	2.189GlyPhe: 2.189 ± 0.021	7.077GlyGly: 7.077 ± 0.08	1.671GlyHis: 1.671 ± 0.015	2.769GlyIle: 2.769 ± 0.019	3.105GlyLys: 3.105 ± 0.025	4.698GlyLeu: 4.698 ± 0.025	1.343GlyMet: 1.343 ± 0.014	3.131GlyAsn: 3.131 ± 0.032	2.625GlyPro: 2.625 ± 0.028	2.756GlyGln: 2.756 ± 0.021	3.06GlyArg: 3.06 ± 0.018	6.351GlySer: 6.351 ± 0.044	3.172GlyThr: 3.172 ± 0.021	3.614GlyVal: 3.614 ± 0.022	0.593GlyTrp: 0.593 ± 0.008	2.064GlyTyr: 2.064 ± 0.028	0.003GlyXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
His	1.519HisAla: 1.519 ± 0.013	0.589HisCys: 0.589 ± 0.013	1.055HisAsp: 1.055 ± 0.01	1.375HisGlu: 1.375 ± 0.013	0.997HisPhe: 0.997 ± 0.011	1.491HisGly: 1.491 ± 0.014	1.474HisHis: 1.474 ± 0.024	1.263HisIle: 1.263 ± 0.01	1.259HisLys: 1.259 ± 0.011	2.511HisLeu: 2.511 ± 0.019	0.678HisMet: 0.678 ± 0.008	1.168HisAsn: 1.168 ± 0.013	1.517HisPro: 1.517 ± 0.016	1.786HisGln: 1.786 ± 0.022	1.464HisArg: 1.464 ± 0.013	2.164HisSer: 2.164 ± 0.018	1.31HisThr: 1.31 ± 0.011	1.408HisVal: 1.408 ± 0.011	0.272HisTrp: 0.272 ± 0.004	0.814HisTyr: 0.814 ± 0.01	0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile	3.222IleAla: 3.222 ± 0.019	1.247IleCys: 1.247 ± 0.041	2.716IleAsp: 2.716 ± 0.027	3.174IleGlu: 3.174 ± 0.027	1.935IlePhe: 1.935 ± 0.018	2.631IleGly: 2.631 ± 0.021	1.056IleHis: 1.056 ± 0.008	2.636IleIle: 2.636 ± 0.022	2.848IleLys: 2.848 ± 0.026	4.177IleLeu: 4.177 ± 0.032	1.061IleMet: 1.061 ± 0.01	2.49IleAsn: 2.49 ± 0.027	2.44IlePro: 2.44 ± 0.017	2.026IleGln: 2.026 ± 0.015	2.493IleArg: 2.493 ± 0.018	4.069IleSer: 4.069 ± 0.021	2.827IleThr: 2.827 ± 0.024	3.066IleVal: 3.066 ± 0.021	0.499IleTrp: 0.499 ± 0.006	1.539IleTyr: 1.539 ± 0.014	0.002IleXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Lys	3.514LysAla: 3.514 ± 0.026	1.212LysCys: 1.212 ± 0.04	3.018LysAsp: 3.018 ± 0.032	3.92LysGlu: 3.92 ± 0.037	1.804LysPhe: 1.804 ± 0.017	2.426LysGly: 2.426 ± 0.019	1.323LysHis: 1.323 ± 0.014	2.777LysIle: 2.777 ± 0.025	3.933LysLys: 3.933 ± 0.042	5.191LysLeu: 5.191 ± 0.039	1.327LysMet: 1.327 ± 0.013	2.384LysAsn: 2.384 ± 0.018	3.263LysPro: 3.263 ± 0.039	2.681LysGln: 2.681 ± 0.021	3.552LysArg: 3.552 ± 0.025	4.206LysSer: 4.206 ± 0.026	3.024LysThr: 3.024 ± 0.025	3.055LysVal: 3.055 ± 0.028	0.61LysTrp: 0.61 ± 0.01	1.643LysTyr: 1.643 ± 0.018	0.005LysXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Leu	6.469LeuAla: 6.469 ± 0.027	1.631LeuCys: 1.631 ± 0.027	4.862LeuAsp: 4.862 ± 0.033	6.176LeuGlu: 6.176 ± 0.049	2.81LeuPhe: 2.81 ± 0.022	4.822LeuGly: 4.822 ± 0.027	2.37LeuHis: 2.37 ± 0.017	4.149LeuIle: 4.149 ± 0.027	5.291LeuLys: 5.291 ± 0.042	8.655LeuLeu: 8.655 ± 0.06	1.938LeuMet: 1.938 ± 0.017	4.34LeuAsn: 4.34 ± 0.028	5.101LeuPro: 5.101 ± 0.027	5.189LeuGln: 5.189 ± 0.036	5.415LeuArg: 5.415 ± 0.04	6.822LeuSer: 6.822 ± 0.037	4.688LeuThr: 4.688 ± 0.022	5.025LeuVal: 5.025 ± 0.032	0.779LeuTrp: 0.779 ± 0.009	2.328LeuTyr: 2.328 ± 0.018	0.004LeuXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Met	1.758MetAla: 1.758 ± 0.014	0.394MetCys: 0.394 ± 0.008	1.321MetAsp: 1.321 ± 0.012	1.576MetGlu: 1.576 ± 0.015	0.753MetPhe: 0.753 ± 0.009	1.384MetGly: 1.384 ± 0.015	0.572MetHis: 0.572 ± 0.007	0.887MetIle: 0.887 ± 0.01	1.144MetLys: 1.144 ± 0.011	2.003MetLeu: 2.003 ± 0.016	0.614MetMet: 0.614 ± 0.008	0.927MetAsn: 0.927 ± 0.01	1.278MetPro: 1.278 ± 0.014	1.252MetGln: 1.252 ± 0.014	1.385MetArg: 1.385 ± 0.012	1.743MetSer: 1.743 ± 0.015	1.105MetThr: 1.105 ± 0.009	1.253MetVal: 1.253 ± 0.011	0.211MetTrp: 0.211 ± 0.004	0.586MetTyr: 0.586 ± 0.008	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	3.45AsnAla: 3.45 ± 0.051	1.003AsnCys: 1.003 ± 0.026	2.292AsnAsp: 2.292 ± 0.017	2.832AsnGlu: 2.832 ± 0.02	1.697AsnPhe: 1.697 ± 0.015	3.488AsnGly: 3.488 ± 0.028	1.2AsnHis: 1.2 ± 0.027	2.491AsnIle: 2.491 ± 0.02	2.289AsnLys: 2.289 ± 0.017	4.105AsnLeu: 4.105 ± 0.025	1.064AsnMet: 1.064 ± 0.01	3.017AsnAsn: 3.017 ± 0.029	2.611AsnPro: 2.611 ± 0.055	2.133AsnGln: 2.133 ± 0.018	2.288AsnArg: 2.288 ± 0.017	4.236AsnSer: 4.236 ± 0.034	2.421AsnThr: 2.421 ± 0.013	2.825AsnVal: 2.825 ± 0.018	0.458AsnTrp: 0.458 ± 0.006	1.419AsnTyr: 1.419 ± 0.013	0.002AsnXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Pro	4.513ProAla: 4.513 ± 0.039	1.18ProCys: 1.18 ± 0.116	2.541ProAsp: 2.541 ± 0.016	3.749ProGlu: 3.749 ± 0.042	1.689ProPhe: 1.689 ± 0.02	3.487ProGly: 3.487 ± 0.042	1.459ProHis: 1.459 ± 0.018	2.506ProIle: 2.506 ± 0.021	3.118ProLys: 3.118 ± 0.028	4.53ProLeu: 4.53 ± 0.022	1.091ProMet: 1.091 ± 0.01	2.554ProAsn: 2.554 ± 0.038	5.594ProPro: 5.594 ± 0.073	2.965ProGln: 2.965 ± 0.027	2.637ProArg: 2.637 ± 0.019	4.928ProSer: 4.928 ± 0.043	3.741ProThr: 3.741 ± 0.028	3.463ProVal: 3.463 ± 0.025	0.432ProTrp: 0.432 ± 0.007	1.442ProTyr: 1.442 ± 0.018	0.005ProXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Gln	3.518GlnAla: 3.518 ± 0.024	1.027GlnCys: 1.027 ± 0.055	2.118GlnAsp: 2.118 ± 0.015	3.112GlnGlu: 3.112 ± 0.027	1.514GlnPhe: 1.514 ± 0.011	2.231GlnGly: 2.231 ± 0.019	1.972GlnHis: 1.972 ± 0.024	2.224GlnIle: 2.224 ± 0.018	2.675GlnLys: 2.675 ± 0.018	5.266GlnLeu: 5.266 ± 0.039	1.273GlnMet: 1.273 ± 0.014	2.139GlnAsn: 2.139 ± 0.016	3.123GlnPro: 3.123 ± 0.034	8.059GlnGln: 8.059 ± 0.143	3.327GlnArg: 3.327 ± 0.022	3.587GlnSer: 3.587 ± 0.025	2.523GlnThr: 2.523 ± 0.02	2.656GlnVal: 2.656 ± 0.017	0.452GlnTrp: 0.452 ± 0.008	1.24GlnTyr: 1.24 ± 0.012	0.003GlnXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Arg	3.302ArgAla: 3.302 ± 0.018	1.166ArgCys: 1.166 ± 0.034	3.006ArgAsp: 3.006 ± 0.023	3.679ArgGlu: 3.679 ± 0.029	1.905ArgPhe: 1.905 ± 0.017	2.785ArgGly: 2.785 ± 0.019	1.574ArgHis: 1.574 ± 0.012	2.767ArgIle: 2.767 ± 0.02	3.452ArgLys: 3.452 ± 0.025	5.065ArgLeu: 5.065 ± 0.037	1.199ArgMet: 1.199 ± 0.01	2.724ArgAsn: 2.724 ± 0.019	2.917ArgPro: 2.917 ± 0.033	3.025ArgGln: 3.025 ± 0.024	4.398ArgArg: 4.398 ± 0.037	4.504ArgSer: 4.504 ± 0.034	2.777ArgThr: 2.777 ± 0.017	2.921ArgVal: 2.921 ± 0.018	0.556ArgTrp: 0.556 ± 0.008	1.576ArgTyr: 1.576 ± 0.016	0.003ArgXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Ser	6.061SerAla: 6.061 ± 0.035	1.662SerCys: 1.662 ± 0.07	4.119SerAsp: 4.119 ± 0.023	4.57SerGlu: 4.57 ± 0.027	2.619SerPhe: 2.619 ± 0.021	6.24SerGly: 6.24 ± 0.04	1.95SerHis: 1.95 ± 0.017	3.688SerIle: 3.688 ± 0.022	4.068SerLys: 4.068 ± 0.026	6.952SerLeu: 6.952 ± 0.038	1.706SerMet: 1.706 ± 0.015	4.3SerAsn: 4.3 ± 0.029	5.109SerPro: 5.109 ± 0.042	3.706SerGln: 3.706 ± 0.023	4.126SerArg: 4.126 ± 0.033	10.447SerSer: 10.447 ± 0.077	5.414SerThr: 5.414 ± 0.039	4.555SerVal: 4.555 ± 0.03	0.743SerTrp: 0.743 ± 0.009	2.121SerTyr: 2.121 ± 0.017	0.003SerXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Thr	4.533ThrAla: 4.533 ± 0.027	1.119ThrCys: 1.119 ± 0.03	2.626ThrAsp: 2.626 ± 0.017	3.336ThrGlu: 3.336 ± 0.03	1.798ThrPhe: 1.798 ± 0.016	3.557ThrGly: 3.557 ± 0.028	1.28ThrHis: 1.28 ± 0.011	2.843ThrIle: 2.843 ± 0.021	2.857ThrLys: 2.857 ± 0.023	4.897ThrLeu: 4.897 ± 0.032	1.137ThrMet: 1.137 ± 0.009	2.553ThrAsn: 2.553 ± 0.017	4.147ThrPro: 4.147 ± 0.031	2.344ThrGln: 2.344 ± 0.015	2.492ThrArg: 2.492 ± 0.02	5.061ThrSer: 5.061 ± 0.032	5.125ThrThr: 5.125 ± 0.075	3.414ThrVal: 3.414 ± 0.025	0.498ThrTrp: 0.498 ± 0.009	1.436ThrTyr: 1.436 ± 0.015	0.003ThrXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Val	4.5ValAla: 4.5 ± 0.026	1.302ValCys: 1.302 ± 0.046	3.264ValAsp: 3.264 ± 0.021	3.9ValGlu: 3.9 ± 0.039	2.033ValPhe: 2.033 ± 0.017	3.561ValGly: 3.561 ± 0.019	1.428ValHis: 1.428 ± 0.013	2.988ValIle: 2.988 ± 0.018	3.156ValLys: 3.156 ± 0.031	5.282ValLeu: 5.282 ± 0.029	1.263ValMet: 1.263 ± 0.01	2.754ValAsn: 2.754 ± 0.024	3.386ValPro: 3.386 ± 0.021	2.741ValGln: 2.741 ± 0.019	3.086ValArg: 3.086 ± 0.018	4.364ValSer: 4.364 ± 0.022	3.402ValThr: 3.402 ± 0.025	4.067ValVal: 4.067 ± 0.024	0.557ValTrp: 0.557 ± 0.008	1.632ValTyr: 1.632 ± 0.014	0.002ValXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Trp	0.52TrpAla: 0.52 ± 0.007	0.178TrpCys: 0.178 ± 0.004	0.488TrpAsp: 0.488 ± 0.008	0.535TrpGlu: 0.535 ± 0.007	0.371TrpPhe: 0.371 ± 0.006	0.466TrpGly: 0.466 ± 0.009	0.266TrpHis: 0.266 ± 0.005	0.513TrpIle: 0.513 ± 0.008	0.555TrpLys: 0.555 ± 0.008	1.059TrpLeu: 1.059 ± 0.012	0.265TrpMet: 0.265 ± 0.005	0.464TrpAsn: 0.464 ± 0.006	0.377TrpPro: 0.377 ± 0.006	0.484TrpGln: 0.484 ± 0.007	0.638TrpArg: 0.638 ± 0.008	0.728TrpSer: 0.728 ± 0.01	0.539TrpThr: 0.539 ± 0.009	0.519TrpVal: 0.519 ± 0.008	0.149TrpTrp: 0.149 ± 0.004	0.305TrpTyr: 0.305 ± 0.007	0.001TrpXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.797TyrAla: 1.797 ± 0.016	0.647TyrCys: 0.647 ± 0.011	1.639TyrAsp: 1.639 ± 0.014	1.79TyrGlu: 1.79 ± 0.014	1.214TyrPhe: 1.214 ± 0.012	1.825TyrGly: 1.825 ± 0.018	0.76TyrHis: 0.76 ± 0.009	1.356TyrIle: 1.356 ± 0.014	1.485TyrLys: 1.485 ± 0.015	2.465TyrLeu: 2.465 ± 0.019	0.704TyrMet: 0.704 ± 0.007	1.417TyrAsn: 1.417 ± 0.011	1.281TyrPro: 1.281 ± 0.014	1.361TyrGln: 1.361 ± 0.013	1.6TyrArg: 1.6 ± 0.014	2.104TyrSer: 2.104 ± 0.016	1.576TyrThr: 1.576 ± 0.015	1.683TyrVal: 1.683 ± 0.015	0.326TyrTrp: 0.326 ± 0.006	1.031TyrTyr: 1.031 ± 0.013	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.003XaaAla: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaCys: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaGlu: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.003XaaPhe: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.004XaaGly: 0.004 ± 0.001	0.002XaaHis: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaIle: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.005XaaLys: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.005XaaLeu: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaAsn: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.003XaaPro: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.003XaaGln: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.002XaaArg: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaSer: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaThr: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaVal: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.02XaaXaa: 0.02 ± 0.003

Statistics based on 21090 proteins (13421361 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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