Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Zea mays (Maize)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	10.654AlaAla: 10.654 ± 0.03	1.416AlaCys: 1.416 ± 0.006	4.071AlaAsp: 4.071 ± 0.01	4.981AlaGlu: 4.981 ± 0.013	2.718AlaPhe: 2.718 ± 0.008	5.49AlaGly: 5.49 ± 0.015	1.705AlaHis: 1.705 ± 0.007	3.569AlaIle: 3.569 ± 0.009	3.836AlaLys: 3.836 ± 0.009	7.652AlaLeu: 7.652 ± 0.017	1.977AlaMet: 1.977 ± 0.007	2.69AlaAsn: 2.69 ± 0.009	4.343AlaPro: 4.343 ± 0.015	2.652AlaGln: 2.652 ± 0.009	4.629AlaArg: 4.629 ± 0.012	7.226AlaSer: 7.226 ± 0.015	4.283AlaThr: 4.283 ± 0.012	5.921AlaVal: 5.921 ± 0.015	0.826AlaTrp: 0.826 ± 0.004	1.888AlaTyr: 1.888 ± 0.007	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.238CysAla: 1.238 ± 0.006	0.562CysCys: 0.562 ± 0.005	0.887CysAsp: 0.887 ± 0.005	0.878CysGlu: 0.878 ± 0.005	0.809CysPhe: 0.809 ± 0.005	1.326CysGly: 1.326 ± 0.006	0.503CysHis: 0.503 ± 0.003	0.969CysIle: 0.969 ± 0.005	0.991CysLys: 0.991 ± 0.006	1.85CysLeu: 1.85 ± 0.008	0.478CysMet: 0.478 ± 0.003	0.74CysAsn: 0.74 ± 0.004	0.938CysPro: 0.938 ± 0.006	0.624CysGln: 0.624 ± 0.004	1.113CysArg: 1.113 ± 0.005	1.825CysSer: 1.825 ± 0.008	0.937CysThr: 0.937 ± 0.005	1.074CysVal: 1.074 ± 0.005	0.241CysTrp: 0.241 ± 0.002	0.545CysTyr: 0.545 ± 0.004	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	4.613AspAla: 4.613 ± 0.01	0.901AspCys: 0.901 ± 0.005	4.187AspAsp: 4.187 ± 0.014	4.086AspGlu: 4.086 ± 0.011	2.065AspPhe: 2.065 ± 0.007	4.286AspGly: 4.286 ± 0.011	1.287AspHis: 1.287 ± 0.006	3.022AspIle: 3.022 ± 0.009	2.723AspLys: 2.723 ± 0.008	5.093AspLeu: 5.093 ± 0.014	1.475AspMet: 1.475 ± 0.006	2.089AspAsn: 2.089 ± 0.007	2.697AspPro: 2.697 ± 0.008	1.747AspGln: 1.747 ± 0.007	2.745AspArg: 2.745 ± 0.009	4.326AspSer: 4.326 ± 0.013	2.487AspThr: 2.487 ± 0.009	3.894AspVal: 3.894 ± 0.01	0.676AspTrp: 0.676 ± 0.004	1.442AspTyr: 1.442 ± 0.006	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	5.413GluAla: 5.413 ± 0.013	0.932GluCys: 0.932 ± 0.005	4.005GluAsp: 4.005 ± 0.012	5.69GluGlu: 5.69 ± 0.02	2.115GluPhe: 2.115 ± 0.007	3.683GluGly: 3.683 ± 0.01	1.494GluHis: 1.494 ± 0.007	3.148GluIle: 3.148 ± 0.008	4.186GluLys: 4.186 ± 0.014	6.051GluLeu: 6.051 ± 0.013	1.608GluMet: 1.608 ± 0.007	2.673GluAsn: 2.673 ± 0.009	2.457GluPro: 2.457 ± 0.008	2.524GluGln: 2.524 ± 0.007	3.712GluArg: 3.712 ± 0.01	4.332GluSer: 4.332 ± 0.013	2.8GluThr: 2.8 ± 0.009	4.114GluVal: 4.114 ± 0.011	0.675GluTrp: 0.675 ± 0.004	1.564GluTyr: 1.564 ± 0.006	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.585PheAla: 2.585 ± 0.008	0.833PheCys: 0.833 ± 0.005	2.136PheAsp: 2.136 ± 0.008	2.009PheGlu: 2.009 ± 0.007	1.666PhePhe: 1.666 ± 0.006	2.691PheGly: 2.691 ± 0.011	1.005PheHis: 1.005 ± 0.005	1.684PheIle: 1.684 ± 0.007	1.666PheLys: 1.666 ± 0.007	3.824PheLeu: 3.824 ± 0.012	0.895PheMet: 0.895 ± 0.005	1.358PheAsn: 1.358 ± 0.005	1.835PhePro: 1.835 ± 0.006	1.441PheGln: 1.441 ± 0.006	1.964PheArg: 1.964 ± 0.008	3.433PheSer: 3.433 ± 0.009	1.725PheThr: 1.725 ± 0.007	2.58PheVal: 2.58 ± 0.009	0.498PheTrp: 0.498 ± 0.003	1.08PheTyr: 1.08 ± 0.005	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	5.278GlyAla: 5.278 ± 0.014	1.231GlyCys: 1.231 ± 0.005	3.753GlyAsp: 3.753 ± 0.011	3.621GlyGlu: 3.621 ± 0.01	2.651GlyPhe: 2.651 ± 0.008	6.243GlyGly: 6.243 ± 0.026	1.742GlyHis: 1.742 ± 0.007	3.087GlyIle: 3.087 ± 0.009	3.675GlyLys: 3.675 ± 0.009	5.615GlyLeu: 5.615 ± 0.011	1.556GlyMet: 1.556 ± 0.006	2.676GlyAsn: 2.676 ± 0.009	2.791GlyPro: 2.791 ± 0.011	2.341GlyGln: 2.341 ± 0.007	4.245GlyArg: 4.245 ± 0.013	6.267GlySer: 6.267 ± 0.015	3.487GlyThr: 3.487 ± 0.009	4.207GlyVal: 4.207 ± 0.01	0.868GlyTrp: 0.868 ± 0.005	1.874GlyTyr: 1.874 ± 0.007	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.811HisAla: 1.811 ± 0.007	0.506HisCys: 0.506 ± 0.004	1.326HisAsp: 1.326 ± 0.006	1.362HisGlu: 1.362 ± 0.006	0.989HisPhe: 0.989 ± 0.005	1.978HisGly: 1.978 ± 0.008	0.979HisHis: 0.979 ± 0.006	1.201HisIle: 1.201 ± 0.006	1.075HisLys: 1.075 ± 0.004	2.514HisLeu: 2.514 ± 0.008	0.633HisMet: 0.633 ± 0.004	0.915HisAsn: 0.915 ± 0.005	1.473HisPro: 1.473 ± 0.007	1.087HisGln: 1.087 ± 0.005	1.619HisArg: 1.619 ± 0.006	1.942HisSer: 1.942 ± 0.006	1.082HisThr: 1.082 ± 0.005	1.699HisVal: 1.699 ± 0.006	0.303HisTrp: 0.303 ± 0.002	0.684HisTyr: 0.684 ± 0.004	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.419IleAla: 3.419 ± 0.01	1.048IleCys: 1.048 ± 0.005	2.743IleAsp: 2.743 ± 0.009	2.849IleGlu: 2.849 ± 0.009	1.894IlePhe: 1.894 ± 0.008	2.878IleGly: 2.878 ± 0.01	1.168IleHis: 1.168 ± 0.005	2.332IleIle: 2.332 ± 0.009	2.486IleLys: 2.486 ± 0.009	4.729IleLeu: 4.729 ± 0.013	1.075IleMet: 1.075 ± 0.005	1.85IleAsn: 1.85 ± 0.007	2.411IlePro: 2.411 ± 0.009	1.844IleGln: 1.844 ± 0.007	2.506IleArg: 2.506 ± 0.007	4.119IleSer: 4.119 ± 0.011	2.254IleThr: 2.254 ± 0.008	3.1IleVal: 3.1 ± 0.009	0.576IleTrp: 0.576 ± 0.004	1.355IleTyr: 1.355 ± 0.006	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.968LysAla: 3.968 ± 0.01	0.85LysCys: 0.85 ± 0.004	3.243LysAsp: 3.243 ± 0.009	4.118LysGlu: 4.118 ± 0.013	1.793LysPhe: 1.793 ± 0.007	3.134LysGly: 3.134 ± 0.009	1.358LysHis: 1.358 ± 0.006	2.753LysIle: 2.753 ± 0.008	3.87LysLys: 3.87 ± 0.014	5.151LysLeu: 5.151 ± 0.013	1.303LysMet: 1.303 ± 0.005	2.186LysAsn: 2.186 ± 0.008	2.378LysPro: 2.378 ± 0.008	2.245LysGln: 2.245 ± 0.007	3.377LysArg: 3.377 ± 0.01	3.957LysSer: 3.957 ± 0.011	2.446LysThr: 2.446 ± 0.007	3.548LysVal: 3.548 ± 0.01	0.641LysTrp: 0.641 ± 0.004	1.48LysTyr: 1.48 ± 0.006	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	7.468LeuAla: 7.468 ± 0.016	1.87LeuCys: 1.87 ± 0.007	5.18LeuAsp: 5.18 ± 0.012	6.167LeuGlu: 6.167 ± 0.016	3.487LeuPhe: 3.487 ± 0.01	5.606LeuGly: 5.606 ± 0.013	2.682LeuHis: 2.682 ± 0.009	3.874LeuIle: 3.874 ± 0.012	5.283LeuLys: 5.283 ± 0.013	10.383LeuLeu: 10.383 ± 0.026	2.108LeuMet: 2.108 ± 0.007	3.414LeuAsn: 3.414 ± 0.01	5.459LeuPro: 5.459 ± 0.013	4.504LeuGln: 4.504 ± 0.013	6.006LeuArg: 6.006 ± 0.015	8.003LeuSer: 8.003 ± 0.016	4.2LeuThr: 4.2 ± 0.01	6.3LeuVal: 6.3 ± 0.013	1.095LeuTrp: 1.095 ± 0.005	2.374LeuTyr: 2.374 ± 0.008	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	2.226MetAla: 2.226 ± 0.008	0.349MetCys: 0.349 ± 0.002	1.559MetAsp: 1.559 ± 0.006	1.854MetGlu: 1.854 ± 0.007	0.81MetPhe: 0.81 ± 0.004	1.485MetGly: 1.485 ± 0.006	0.625MetHis: 0.625 ± 0.004	0.997MetIle: 0.997 ± 0.005	1.377MetLys: 1.377 ± 0.006	2.318MetLeu: 2.318 ± 0.009	0.675MetMet: 0.675 ± 0.004	0.933MetAsn: 0.933 ± 0.005	1.248MetPro: 1.248 ± 0.006	1.07MetGln: 1.07 ± 0.006	1.288MetArg: 1.288 ± 0.005	1.822MetSer: 1.822 ± 0.006	1.043MetThr: 1.043 ± 0.005	1.64MetVal: 1.64 ± 0.006	0.271MetTrp: 0.271 ± 0.002	0.591MetTyr: 0.591 ± 0.004	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.721AsnAla: 2.721 ± 0.009	0.72AsnCys: 0.72 ± 0.004	2.077AsnAsp: 2.077 ± 0.009	2.252AsnGlu: 2.252 ± 0.008	1.495AsnPhe: 1.495 ± 0.006	2.892AsnGly: 2.892 ± 0.009	0.933AsnHis: 0.933 ± 0.005	2.201AsnIle: 2.201 ± 0.007	2.105AsnLys: 2.105 ± 0.008	3.749AsnLeu: 3.749 ± 0.011	1.086AsnMet: 1.086 ± 0.005	1.825AsnAsn: 1.825 ± 0.008	1.983AsnPro: 1.983 ± 0.007	1.574AsnGln: 1.574 ± 0.006	1.858AsnArg: 1.858 ± 0.007	3.279AsnSer: 3.279 ± 0.011	1.853AsnThr: 1.853 ± 0.007	2.49AsnVal: 2.49 ± 0.007	0.449AsnTrp: 0.449 ± 0.003	1.042AsnTyr: 1.042 ± 0.005	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	4.636ProAla: 4.636 ± 0.015	0.859ProCys: 0.859 ± 0.005	2.721ProAsp: 2.721 ± 0.008	3.277ProGlu: 3.277 ± 0.01	1.888ProPhe: 1.888 ± 0.008	3.267ProGly: 3.267 ± 0.011	1.194ProHis: 1.194 ± 0.005	1.961ProIle: 1.961 ± 0.007	2.401ProLys: 2.401 ± 0.007	4.46ProLeu: 4.46 ± 0.012	1.08ProMet: 1.08 ± 0.005	1.947ProAsn: 1.947 ± 0.007	4.903ProPro: 4.903 ± 0.034	1.98ProGln: 1.98 ± 0.009	3.081ProArg: 3.081 ± 0.01	5.427ProSer: 5.427 ± 0.013	2.669ProThr: 2.669 ± 0.01	3.465ProVal: 3.465 ± 0.01	0.638ProTrp: 0.638 ± 0.004	1.288ProTyr: 1.288 ± 0.006	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.806GlnAla: 2.806 ± 0.01	0.604GlnCys: 0.604 ± 0.004	1.842GlnAsp: 1.842 ± 0.007	2.548GlnGlu: 2.548 ± 0.009	1.323GlnPhe: 1.323 ± 0.006	2.283GlnGly: 2.283 ± 0.008	1.124GlnHis: 1.124 ± 0.005	1.92GlnIle: 1.92 ± 0.007	2.258GlnLys: 2.258 ± 0.008	3.815GlnLeu: 3.815 ± 0.012	1.042GlnMet: 1.042 ± 0.006	1.636GlnAsn: 1.636 ± 0.007	2.12GlnPro: 2.12 ± 0.009	2.65GlnGln: 2.65 ± 0.02	2.428GlnArg: 2.428 ± 0.007	2.962GlnSer: 2.962 ± 0.01	1.718GlnThr: 1.718 ± 0.007	2.432GlnVal: 2.432 ± 0.008	0.445GlnTrp: 0.445 ± 0.003	1.008GlnTyr: 1.008 ± 0.004	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	4.583ArgAla: 4.583 ± 0.012	1.139ArgCys: 1.139 ± 0.005	2.953ArgAsp: 2.953 ± 0.009	3.555ArgGlu: 3.555 ± 0.01	2.095ArgPhe: 2.095 ± 0.007	3.765ArgGly: 3.765 ± 0.012	1.602ArgHis: 1.602 ± 0.007	2.664ArgIle: 2.664 ± 0.007	3.517ArgLys: 3.517 ± 0.011	5.64ArgLeu: 5.64 ± 0.012	1.39ArgMet: 1.39 ± 0.005	2.278ArgAsn: 2.278 ± 0.007	3.043ArgPro: 3.043 ± 0.01	2.212ArgGln: 2.212 ± 0.007	5.306ArgArg: 5.306 ± 0.017	4.991ArgSer: 4.991 ± 0.015	2.704ArgThr: 2.704 ± 0.008	3.527ArgVal: 3.527 ± 0.01	0.848ArgTrp: 0.848 ± 0.005	1.55ArgTyr: 1.55 ± 0.006	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.611SerAla: 6.611 ± 0.015	1.721SerCys: 1.721 ± 0.007	4.565SerAsp: 4.565 ± 0.011	4.645SerGlu: 4.645 ± 0.013	3.326SerPhe: 3.326 ± 0.008	6.091SerGly: 6.091 ± 0.016	1.996SerHis: 1.996 ± 0.008	3.934SerIle: 3.934 ± 0.01	4.405SerLys: 4.405 ± 0.011	7.966SerLeu: 7.966 ± 0.017	2.082SerMet: 2.082 ± 0.007	3.455SerAsn: 3.455 ± 0.01	4.856SerPro: 4.856 ± 0.018	2.986SerGln: 2.986 ± 0.011	4.933SerArg: 4.933 ± 0.012	10.59SerSer: 10.59 ± 0.025	4.695SerThr: 4.695 ± 0.012	5.442SerVal: 5.442 ± 0.01	1.085SerTrp: 1.085 ± 0.006	2.186SerTyr: 2.186 ± 0.007	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.996ThrAla: 3.996 ± 0.01	0.932ThrCys: 0.932 ± 0.005	2.478ThrAsp: 2.478 ± 0.008	2.81ThrGlu: 2.81 ± 0.009	1.788ThrPhe: 1.788 ± 0.007	3.358ThrGly: 3.358 ± 0.01	1.002ThrHis: 1.002 ± 0.005	2.358ThrIle: 2.358 ± 0.008	2.48ThrLys: 2.48 ± 0.008	4.34ThrLeu: 4.34 ± 0.009	1.173ThrMet: 1.173 ± 0.005	1.868ThrAsn: 1.868 ± 0.007	2.781ThrPro: 2.781 ± 0.01	1.562ThrGln: 1.562 ± 0.007	2.522ThrArg: 2.522 ± 0.007	4.639ThrSer: 4.639 ± 0.012	2.899ThrThr: 2.899 ± 0.009	3.459ThrVal: 3.459 ± 0.01	0.551ThrTrp: 0.551 ± 0.004	1.302ThrTyr: 1.302 ± 0.006	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	5.839ValAla: 5.839 ± 0.013	1.205ValCys: 1.205 ± 0.006	3.969ValAsp: 3.969 ± 0.01	4.323ValGlu: 4.323 ± 0.011	2.396ValPhe: 2.396 ± 0.008	4.142ValGly: 4.142 ± 0.009	1.722ValHis: 1.722 ± 0.006	3.015ValIle: 3.015 ± 0.008	3.388ValLys: 3.388 ± 0.009	6.578ValLeu: 6.578 ± 0.014	1.505ValMet: 1.505 ± 0.006	2.355ValAsn: 2.355 ± 0.008	3.684ValPro: 3.684 ± 0.012	2.5ValGln: 2.5 ± 0.008	3.596ValArg: 3.596 ± 0.01	5.375ValSer: 5.375 ± 0.012	3.22ValThr: 3.22 ± 0.009	5.112ValVal: 5.112 ± 0.013	0.741ValTrp: 0.741 ± 0.004	1.726ValTyr: 1.726 ± 0.006	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.83TrpAla: 0.83 ± 0.004	0.243TrpCys: 0.243 ± 0.002	0.679TrpAsp: 0.679 ± 0.004	0.7TrpGlu: 0.7 ± 0.004	0.471TrpPhe: 0.471 ± 0.003	0.658TrpGly: 0.658 ± 0.004	0.309TrpHis: 0.309 ± 0.003	0.559TrpIle: 0.559 ± 0.003	0.769TrpLys: 0.769 ± 0.004	1.141TrpLeu: 1.141 ± 0.005	0.33TrpMet: 0.33 ± 0.003	0.577TrpAsn: 0.577 ± 0.004	0.559TrpPro: 0.559 ± 0.004	0.452TrpGln: 0.452 ± 0.003	0.897TrpArg: 0.897 ± 0.005	0.968TrpSer: 0.968 ± 0.005	0.589TrpThr: 0.589 ± 0.004	0.701TrpVal: 0.701 ± 0.004	0.237TrpTrp: 0.237 ± 0.002	0.346TrpTyr: 0.346 ± 0.003	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.831TyrAla: 1.831 ± 0.006	0.607TyrCys: 0.607 ± 0.003	1.466TyrAsp: 1.466 ± 0.006	1.454TyrGlu: 1.454 ± 0.005	1.128TyrPhe: 1.128 ± 0.005	1.953TyrGly: 1.953 ± 0.007	0.751TyrHis: 0.751 ± 0.004	1.39TyrIle: 1.39 ± 0.006	1.308TyrLys: 1.308 ± 0.005	2.594TyrLeu: 2.594 ± 0.008	0.713TyrMet: 0.713 ± 0.005	1.119TyrAsn: 1.119 ± 0.006	1.183TyrPro: 1.183 ± 0.005	0.969TyrGln: 0.969 ± 0.005	1.538TyrArg: 1.538 ± 0.006	2.087TyrSer: 2.087 ± 0.008	1.205TyrThr: 1.205 ± 0.005	1.685TyrVal: 1.685 ± 0.007	0.349TyrTrp: 0.349 ± 0.003	0.899TyrTyr: 0.899 ± 0.005	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 99277 proteins (45899859 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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