Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Plasmodium falciparum FCH/4

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

AlaCysAspGluPheGlyHisIleLysLeuMetAsnProGlnArgSerThrValTrpTyrXaa
Ala
0.816AlaAla: 0.816 ± 0.029
0.475AlaCys: 0.475 ± 0.015
1.02AlaAsp: 1.02 ± 0.019
1.129AlaGlu: 1.129 ± 0.025
0.934AlaPhe: 0.934 ± 0.023
0.698AlaGly: 0.698 ± 0.02
0.576AlaHis: 0.576 ± 0.013
1.578AlaIle: 1.578 ± 0.029
1.71AlaLys: 1.71 ± 0.028
1.88AlaLeu: 1.88 ± 0.034
0.353AlaMet: 0.353 ± 0.01
1.562AlaAsn: 1.562 ± 0.025
0.548AlaPro: 0.548 ± 0.015
0.685AlaGln: 0.685 ± 0.015
0.567AlaArg: 0.567 ± 0.016
1.451AlaSer: 1.451 ± 0.025
0.949AlaThr: 0.949 ± 0.022
0.843AlaVal: 0.843 ± 0.02
0.128AlaTrp: 0.128 ± 0.007
1.088AlaTyr: 1.088 ± 0.02
0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys
0.518CysAla: 0.518 ± 0.013
0.33CysCys: 0.33 ± 0.01
1.277CysAsp: 1.277 ± 0.025
1.109CysGlu: 1.109 ± 0.019
0.857CysPhe: 0.857 ± 0.015
0.692CysGly: 0.692 ± 0.02
0.327CysHis: 0.327 ± 0.009
1.778CysIle: 1.778 ± 0.027
1.605CysLys: 1.605 ± 0.028
1.556CysLeu: 1.556 ± 0.023
0.371CysMet: 0.371 ± 0.01
2.04CysAsn: 2.04 ± 0.128
0.455CysPro: 0.455 ± 0.015
0.34CysGln: 0.34 ± 0.01
0.476CysArg: 0.476 ± 0.013
1.428CysSer: 1.428 ± 0.021
0.936CysThr: 0.936 ± 0.018
0.891CysVal: 0.891 ± 0.016
0.069CysTrp: 0.069 ± 0.004
0.848CysTyr: 0.848 ± 0.018
0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp
1.185AspAla: 1.185 ± 0.022
0.675AspCys: 0.675 ± 0.017
6.809AspAsp: 6.809 ± 0.106
5.805AspGlu: 5.805 ± 0.064
2.126AspPhe: 2.126 ± 0.026
1.703AspGly: 1.703 ± 0.03
1.493AspHis: 1.493 ± 0.026
7.43AspIle: 7.43 ± 0.059
6.723AspLys: 6.723 ± 0.056
3.763AspLeu: 3.763 ± 0.038
1.727AspMet: 1.727 ± 0.025
9.175AspAsn: 9.175 ± 0.091
0.966AspPro: 0.966 ± 0.018
1.421AspGln: 1.421 ± 0.024
1.196AspArg: 1.196 ± 0.028
3.162AspSer: 3.162 ± 0.038
2.667AspThr: 2.667 ± 0.032
2.805AspVal: 2.805 ± 0.035
0.209AspTrp: 0.209 ± 0.01
2.847AspTyr: 2.847 ± 0.033
0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu
1.381GluAla: 1.381 ± 0.025
1.103GluCys: 1.103 ± 0.02
4.741GluAsp: 4.741 ± 0.062
7.964GluGlu: 7.964 ± 0.15
2.007GluPhe: 2.007 ± 0.025
1.995GluGly: 1.995 ± 0.042
1.854GluHis: 1.854 ± 0.024
5.346GluIle: 5.346 ± 0.057
10.624GluLys: 10.624 ± 0.087
4.526GluLeu: 4.526 ± 0.053
1.381GluMet: 1.381 ± 0.02
9.112GluAsn: 9.112 ± 0.072
0.961GluPro: 0.961 ± 0.021
2.658GluGln: 2.658 ± 0.033
2.082GluArg: 2.082 ± 0.034
3.287GluSer: 3.287 ± 0.039
2.356GluThr: 2.356 ± 0.031
2.054GluVal: 2.054 ± 0.05
0.459GluTrp: 0.459 ± 0.018
3.721GluTyr: 3.721 ± 0.042
0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe
0.784PheAla: 0.784 ± 0.016
0.967PheCys: 0.967 ± 0.017
2.485PheAsp: 2.485 ± 0.032
2.339PheGlu: 2.339 ± 0.033
3.484PhePhe: 3.484 ± 0.055
1.137PheGly: 1.137 ± 0.023
1.156PheHis: 1.156 ± 0.019
4.36PheIle: 4.36 ± 0.047
3.701PheLys: 3.701 ± 0.035
5.089PheLeu: 5.089 ± 0.051
0.922PheMet: 0.922 ± 0.017
4.439PheAsn: 4.439 ± 0.043
1.009PhePro: 1.009 ± 0.018
1.127PheGln: 1.127 ± 0.02
1.008PheArg: 1.008 ± 0.027
3.266PheSer: 3.266 ± 0.036
1.577PheThr: 1.577 ± 0.022
1.989PheVal: 1.989 ± 0.028
0.204PheTrp: 0.204 ± 0.008
2.94PheTyr: 2.94 ± 0.041
0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly
0.796GlyAla: 0.796 ± 0.027
0.518GlyCys: 0.518 ± 0.014
2.077GlyAsp: 2.077 ± 0.037
1.85GlyGlu: 1.85 ± 0.03
1.067GlyPhe: 1.067 ± 0.021
1.449GlyGly: 1.449 ± 0.042
0.623GlyHis: 0.623 ± 0.014
2.362GlyIle: 2.362 ± 0.034
3.031GlyLys: 3.031 ± 0.038
1.873GlyLeu: 1.873 ± 0.029
0.585GlyMet: 0.585 ± 0.015
3.058GlyAsn: 3.058 ± 0.035
0.499GlyPro: 0.499 ± 0.016
0.671GlyGln: 0.671 ± 0.017
0.889GlyArg: 0.889 ± 0.023
1.958GlySer: 1.958 ± 0.045
1.438GlyThr: 1.438 ± 0.028
1.308GlyVal: 1.308 ± 0.024
0.162GlyTrp: 0.162 ± 0.007
1.451GlyTyr: 1.451 ± 0.022
0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His
0.457HisAla: 0.457 ± 0.014
0.308HisCys: 0.308 ± 0.011
1.368HisAsp: 1.368 ± 0.023
1.321HisGlu: 1.321 ± 0.021
1.33HisPhe: 1.33 ± 0.021
0.604HisGly: 0.604 ± 0.014
0.754HisHis: 0.754 ± 0.02
3.013HisIle: 3.013 ± 0.034
2.328HisLys: 2.328 ± 0.032
1.939HisLeu: 1.939 ± 0.023
0.881HisMet: 0.881 ± 0.015
3.481HisAsn: 3.481 ± 0.047
0.551HisPro: 0.551 ± 0.013
0.532HisGln: 0.532 ± 0.014
0.534HisArg: 0.534 ± 0.012
1.427HisSer: 1.427 ± 0.023
1.174HisThr: 1.174 ± 0.02
1.131HisVal: 1.131 ± 0.016
0.09HisTrp: 0.09 ± 0.006
1.087HisTyr: 1.087 ± 0.016
0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile
1.454IleAla: 1.454 ± 0.029
2.229IleCys: 2.229 ± 0.129
4.888IleAsp: 4.888 ± 0.041
5.176IleGlu: 5.176 ± 0.048
4.843IlePhe: 4.843 ± 0.051
2.152IleGly: 2.152 ± 0.033
2.674IleHis: 2.674 ± 0.035
8.613IleIle: 8.613 ± 0.08
10.766IleLys: 10.766 ± 0.083
8.49IleLeu: 8.49 ± 0.068
1.691IleMet: 1.691 ± 0.022
13.165IleAsn: 13.165 ± 0.108
2.369IlePro: 2.369 ± 0.028
2.993IleGln: 2.993 ± 0.039
2.281IleArg: 2.281 ± 0.025
6.275IleSer: 6.275 ± 0.052
3.499IleThr: 3.499 ± 0.038
2.849IleVal: 2.849 ± 0.041
0.512IleTrp: 0.512 ± 0.014
6.646IleTyr: 6.646 ± 0.069
0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys
1.765LysAla: 1.765 ± 0.032
2.071LysCys: 2.071 ± 0.031
6.942LysAsp: 6.942 ± 0.061
10.09LysGlu: 10.09 ± 0.086
3.2LysPhe: 3.2 ± 0.032
3.391LysGly: 3.391 ± 0.037
2.393LysHis: 2.393 ± 0.027
9.639LysIle: 9.639 ± 0.071
19.754LysLys: 19.754 ± 0.151
7.392LysLeu: 7.392 ± 0.055
2.661LysMet: 2.661 ± 0.029
17.285LysAsn: 17.285 ± 0.125
1.463LysPro: 1.463 ± 0.026
3.136LysGln: 3.136 ± 0.036
4.233LysArg: 4.233 ± 0.046
6.196LysSer: 6.196 ± 0.05
4.192LysThr: 4.192 ± 0.036
3.3LysVal: 3.3 ± 0.037
0.635LysTrp: 0.635 ± 0.017
7.109LysTyr: 7.109 ± 0.066
0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu
1.519LeuAla: 1.519 ± 0.026
1.829LeuCys: 1.829 ± 0.026
3.599LeuAsp: 3.599 ± 0.036
4.351LeuGlu: 4.351 ± 0.047
4.534LeuPhe: 4.534 ± 0.053
1.937LeuGly: 1.937 ± 0.028
1.882LeuHis: 1.882 ± 0.024
6.315LeuIle: 6.315 ± 0.054
9.139LeuLys: 9.139 ± 0.072
7.574LeuLeu: 7.574 ± 0.063
1.302LeuMet: 1.302 ± 0.02
9.08LeuAsn: 9.08 ± 0.088
1.817LeuPro: 1.817 ± 0.023
2.371LeuGln: 2.371 ± 0.028
2.281LeuArg: 2.281 ± 0.026
5.692LeuSer: 5.692 ± 0.046
2.904LeuThr: 2.904 ± 0.032
2.281LeuVal: 2.281 ± 0.032
0.476LeuTrp: 0.476 ± 0.014
5.09LeuTyr: 5.09 ± 0.045
0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met
0.383MetAla: 0.383 ± 0.012
0.47MetCys: 0.47 ± 0.012
1.591MetAsp: 1.591 ± 0.026
1.552MetGlu: 1.552 ± 0.03
0.911MetPhe: 0.911 ± 0.015
0.584MetGly: 0.584 ± 0.017
0.451MetHis: 0.451 ± 0.012
1.593MetIle: 1.593 ± 0.021
2.893MetLys: 2.893 ± 0.035
1.687MetLeu: 1.687 ± 0.022
0.521MetMet: 0.521 ± 0.015
4.126MetAsn: 4.126 ± 0.062
0.394MetPro: 0.394 ± 0.011
0.532MetGln: 0.532 ± 0.014
0.548MetArg: 0.548 ± 0.014
1.419MetSer: 1.419 ± 0.022
0.685MetThr: 0.685 ± 0.014
0.688MetVal: 0.688 ± 0.014
0.126MetTrp: 0.126 ± 0.006
1.232MetTyr: 1.232 ± 0.019
0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn
1.921AsnAla: 1.921 ± 0.028
1.611AsnCys: 1.611 ± 0.025
10.127AsnAsp: 10.127 ± 0.087
9.712AsnGlu: 9.712 ± 0.085
4.873AsnPhe: 4.873 ± 0.046
3.058AsnGly: 3.058 ± 0.045
2.879AsnHis: 2.879 ± 0.044
16.704AsnIle: 16.704 ± 0.188
15.73AsnLys: 15.73 ± 0.12
7.758AsnLeu: 7.758 ± 0.085
4.216AsnMet: 4.216 ± 0.07
34.18AsnAsn: 34.18 ± 0.598
1.737AsnPro: 1.737 ± 0.031
2.915AsnGln: 2.915 ± 0.04
2.503AsnArg: 2.503 ± 0.037
7.855AsnSer: 7.855 ± 0.089
5.6AsnThr: 5.6 ± 0.062
6.328AsnVal: 6.328 ± 0.062
0.332AsnTrp: 0.332 ± 0.01
7.266AsnTyr: 7.266 ± 0.063
0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro
0.414ProAla: 0.414 ± 0.015
0.429ProCys: 0.429 ± 0.013
0.798ProAsp: 0.798 ± 0.019
1.053ProGlu: 1.053 ± 0.027
1.229ProPhe: 1.229 ± 0.02
0.557ProGly: 0.557 ± 0.026
0.547ProHis: 0.547 ± 0.014
1.682ProIle: 1.682 ± 0.023
1.632ProLys: 1.632 ± 0.023
1.874ProLeu: 1.874 ± 0.026
0.371ProMet: 0.371 ± 0.011
2.035ProAsn: 2.035 ± 0.035
0.76ProPro: 0.76 ± 0.027
0.653ProGln: 0.653 ± 0.016
0.527ProArg: 0.527 ± 0.015
1.555ProSer: 1.555 ± 0.027
0.966ProThr: 0.966 ± 0.019
0.761ProVal: 0.761 ± 0.018
0.134ProTrp: 0.134 ± 0.006
1.331ProTyr: 1.331 ± 0.019
0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln
0.577GlnAla: 0.577 ± 0.015
0.405GlnCys: 0.405 ± 0.011
1.401GlnAsp: 1.401 ± 0.02
1.957GlnGlu: 1.957 ± 0.031
0.967GlnPhe: 0.967 ± 0.016
0.749GlnGly: 0.749 ± 0.016
0.746GlnHis: 0.746 ± 0.015
2.485GlnIle: 2.485 ± 0.032
3.566GlnLys: 3.566 ± 0.034
1.908GlnLeu: 1.908 ± 0.029
0.696GlnMet: 0.696 ± 0.017
4.322GlnAsn: 4.322 ± 0.052
0.523GlnPro: 0.523 ± 0.014
1.078GlnGln: 1.078 ± 0.031
0.826GlnArg: 0.826 ± 0.016
1.443GlnSer: 1.443 ± 0.022
1.276GlnThr: 1.276 ± 0.023
0.934GlnVal: 0.934 ± 0.017
0.155GlnTrp: 0.155 ± 0.007
1.38GlnTyr: 1.38 ± 0.02
0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg
0.621ArgAla: 0.621 ± 0.016
0.442ArgCys: 0.442 ± 0.011
1.488ArgAsp: 1.488 ± 0.028
1.723ArgGlu: 1.723 ± 0.03
0.969ArgPhe: 0.969 ± 0.015
0.946ArgGly: 0.946 ± 0.022
0.567ArgHis: 0.567 ± 0.014
2.181ArgIle: 2.181 ± 0.027
3.937ArgLys: 3.937 ± 0.045
1.723ArgLeu: 1.723 ± 0.025
0.565ArgMet: 0.565 ± 0.024
3.459ArgAsn: 3.459 ± 0.039
0.453ArgPro: 0.453 ± 0.023
0.689ArgGln: 0.689 ± 0.017
1.41ArgArg: 1.41 ± 0.027
1.578ArgSer: 1.578 ± 0.028
1.117ArgThr: 1.117 ± 0.019
0.877ArgVal: 0.877 ± 0.018
0.192ArgTrp: 0.192 ± 0.009
1.341ArgTyr: 1.341 ± 0.022
0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser
1.345SerAla: 1.345 ± 0.026
1.262SerCys: 1.262 ± 0.02
3.9SerAsp: 3.9 ± 0.042
3.435SerGlu: 3.435 ± 0.04
3.585SerPhe: 3.585 ± 0.037
1.949SerGly: 1.949 ± 0.037
1.504SerHis: 1.504 ± 0.021
5.513SerIle: 5.513 ± 0.046
5.693SerLys: 5.693 ± 0.051
5.363SerLeu: 5.363 ± 0.043
1.209SerMet: 1.209 ± 0.02
8.34SerAsn: 8.34 ± 0.086
1.361SerPro: 1.361 ± 0.023
1.609SerGln: 1.609 ± 0.024
1.566SerArg: 1.566 ± 0.028
6.456SerSer: 6.456 ± 0.071
3.096SerThr: 3.096 ± 0.034
2.612SerVal: 2.612 ± 0.039
0.279SerTrp: 0.279 ± 0.009
3.879SerTyr: 3.879 ± 0.039
0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr
0.885ThrAla: 0.885 ± 0.021
1.011ThrCys: 1.011 ± 0.022
2.029ThrAsp: 2.029 ± 0.034
2.043ThrGlu: 2.043 ± 0.05
2.2ThrPhe: 2.2 ± 0.026
1.085ThrGly: 1.085 ± 0.019
1.225ThrHis: 1.225 ± 0.018
3.124ThrIle: 3.124 ± 0.032
4.082ThrLys: 4.082 ± 0.042
3.386ThrLeu: 3.386 ± 0.033
0.688ThrMet: 0.688 ± 0.014
5.782ThrAsn: 5.782 ± 0.06
1.111ThrPro: 1.111 ± 0.023
1.342ThrGln: 1.342 ± 0.02
0.943ThrArg: 0.943 ± 0.017
3.19ThrSer: 3.19 ± 0.036
2.252ThrThr: 2.252 ± 0.041
1.309ThrVal: 1.309 ± 0.021
0.211ThrTrp: 0.211 ± 0.008
2.825ThrTyr: 2.825 ± 0.031
0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val
0.911ValAla: 0.911 ± 0.021
0.827ValCys: 0.827 ± 0.017
2.647ValAsp: 2.647 ± 0.035
2.738ValGlu: 2.738 ± 0.055
1.589ValPhe: 1.589 ± 0.025
1.258ValGly: 1.258 ± 0.022
1.245ValHis: 1.245 ± 0.02
3.054ValIle: 3.054 ± 0.038
3.554ValLys: 3.554 ± 0.036
3.317ValLeu: 3.317 ± 0.034
0.686ValMet: 0.686 ± 0.012
4.104ValAsn: 4.104 ± 0.046
1.091ValPro: 1.091 ± 0.022
1.346ValGln: 1.346 ± 0.021
0.97ValArg: 0.97 ± 0.018
2.532ValSer: 2.532 ± 0.029
1.56ValThr: 1.56 ± 0.03
1.642ValVal: 1.642 ± 0.031
0.218ValTrp: 0.218 ± 0.009
1.977ValTyr: 1.977 ± 0.024
0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp
0.14TrpAla: 0.14 ± 0.007
0.092TrpCys: 0.092 ± 0.005
0.28TrpAsp: 0.28 ± 0.011
0.298TrpGlu: 0.298 ± 0.012
0.251TrpPhe: 0.251 ± 0.01
0.212TrpGly: 0.212 ± 0.009
0.077TrpHis: 0.077 ± 0.004
0.48TrpIle: 0.48 ± 0.015
0.635TrpLys: 0.635 ± 0.018
0.421TrpLeu: 0.421 ± 0.012
0.106TrpMet: 0.106 ± 0.005
0.529TrpAsn: 0.529 ± 0.013
0.095TrpPro: 0.095 ± 0.006
0.085TrpGln: 0.085 ± 0.004
0.175TrpArg: 0.175 ± 0.008
0.304TrpSer: 0.304 ± 0.01
0.191TrpThr: 0.191 ± 0.008
0.225TrpVal: 0.225 ± 0.01
0.078TrpTrp: 0.078 ± 0.006
0.213TrpTyr: 0.213 ± 0.007
0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr
1.118TyrAla: 1.118 ± 0.019
0.848TyrCys: 0.848 ± 0.019
4.42TyrAsp: 4.42 ± 0.04
3.969TyrGlu: 3.969 ± 0.041
3.024TyrPhe: 3.024 ± 0.037
1.504TyrGly: 1.504 ± 0.024
1.339TyrHis: 1.339 ± 0.021
6.315TyrIle: 6.315 ± 0.067
5.742TyrLys: 5.742 ± 0.053
4.454TyrLeu: 4.454 ± 0.038
1.455TyrMet: 1.455 ± 0.024
8.031TyrAsn: 8.031 ± 0.075
1.147TyrPro: 1.147 ± 0.019
1.21TyrGln: 1.21 ± 0.017
1.266TyrArg: 1.266 ± 0.022
3.487TyrSer: 3.487 ± 0.027
2.289TyrThr: 2.289 ± 0.025
2.439TyrVal: 2.439 ± 0.027
0.217TyrTrp: 0.217 ± 0.007
3.491TyrTyr: 3.491 ± 0.04
0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa
0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0
0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Statistics based on 5762 proteins (3694402 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file
See this proteome in: uniprot_link
Proteome-pI is available under Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs license, for more details see here

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944 Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski