Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila persimilis (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	9.818AlaAla: 9.818 ± 0.101	1.214AlaCys: 1.214 ± 0.016	3.486AlaAsp: 3.486 ± 0.023	4.589AlaGlu: 4.589 ± 0.033	2.256AlaPhe: 2.256 ± 0.021	5.056AlaGly: 5.056 ± 0.042	1.752AlaHis: 1.752 ± 0.016	3.456AlaIle: 3.456 ± 0.021	3.956AlaLys: 3.956 ± 0.032	6.561AlaLeu: 6.561 ± 0.042	1.808AlaMet: 1.808 ± 0.016	3.109AlaAsn: 3.109 ± 0.024	4.324AlaPro: 4.324 ± 0.048	3.323AlaGln: 3.323 ± 0.028	3.499AlaArg: 3.499 ± 0.026	6.262AlaSer: 6.262 ± 0.043	5.101AlaThr: 5.101 ± 0.037	4.733AlaVal: 4.733 ± 0.031	0.637AlaTrp: 0.637 ± 0.011	1.815AlaTyr: 1.815 ± 0.017	0.003AlaXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Cys	1.222CysAla: 1.222 ± 0.014	0.551CysCys: 0.551 ± 0.011	1.068CysAsp: 1.068 ± 0.018	1.072CysGlu: 1.072 ± 0.016	0.737CysPhe: 0.737 ± 0.011	1.431CysGly: 1.431 ± 0.021	0.544CysHis: 0.544 ± 0.009	0.962CysIle: 0.962 ± 0.014	0.912CysLys: 0.912 ± 0.013	1.912CysLeu: 1.912 ± 0.021	0.419CysMet: 0.419 ± 0.007	0.858CysAsn: 0.858 ± 0.013	1.077CysPro: 1.077 ± 0.017	0.84CysGln: 0.84 ± 0.013	1.158CysArg: 1.158 ± 0.015	1.648CysSer: 1.648 ± 0.021	0.995CysThr: 0.995 ± 0.012	1.17CysVal: 1.17 ± 0.016	0.224CysTrp: 0.224 ± 0.006	0.563CysTyr: 0.563 ± 0.01	0.001CysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asp	3.647AspAla: 3.647 ± 0.028	1.041AspCys: 1.041 ± 0.014	3.825AspAsp: 3.825 ± 0.038	4.128AspGlu: 4.128 ± 0.033	2.132AspPhe: 2.132 ± 0.019	3.219AspGly: 3.219 ± 0.027	1.13AspHis: 1.13 ± 0.016	2.818AspIle: 2.818 ± 0.024	2.522AspLys: 2.522 ± 0.023	4.772AspLeu: 4.772 ± 0.03	1.329AspMet: 1.329 ± 0.015	2.155AspAsn: 2.155 ± 0.019	2.403AspPro: 2.403 ± 0.021	1.929AspGln: 1.929 ± 0.018	2.534AspArg: 2.534 ± 0.023	3.845AspSer: 3.845 ± 0.031	2.513AspThr: 2.513 ± 0.019	3.33AspVal: 3.33 ± 0.025	0.633AspTrp: 0.633 ± 0.01	1.78AspTyr: 1.78 ± 0.017	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	4.711GluAla: 4.711 ± 0.034	1.117GluCys: 1.117 ± 0.016	3.849GluAsp: 3.849 ± 0.031	5.706GluGlu: 5.706 ± 0.053	2.052GluPhe: 2.052 ± 0.018	2.833GluGly: 2.833 ± 0.023	1.66GluHis: 1.66 ± 0.017	3.046GluIle: 3.046 ± 0.024	3.813GluLys: 3.813 ± 0.038	6.085GluLeu: 6.085 ± 0.038	1.611GluMet: 1.611 ± 0.015	2.71GluAsn: 2.71 ± 0.024	2.909GluPro: 2.909 ± 0.026	3.548GluGln: 3.548 ± 0.031	3.973GluArg: 3.973 ± 0.033	4.215GluSer: 4.215 ± 0.036	3.297GluThr: 3.297 ± 0.023	3.386GluVal: 3.386 ± 0.027	0.578GluTrp: 0.578 ± 0.009	1.786GluTyr: 1.786 ± 0.02	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.266PheAla: 2.266 ± 0.02	0.761PheCys: 0.761 ± 0.01	2.05PheAsp: 2.05 ± 0.021	2.12PheGlu: 2.12 ± 0.019	1.48PhePhe: 1.48 ± 0.018	2.42PheGly: 2.42 ± 0.025	0.926PheHis: 0.926 ± 0.012	1.767PheIle: 1.767 ± 0.017	1.846PheLys: 1.846 ± 0.018	3.368PheLeu: 3.368 ± 0.028	0.908PheMet: 0.908 ± 0.012	1.657PheAsn: 1.657 ± 0.017	1.457PhePro: 1.457 ± 0.018	1.461PheGln: 1.461 ± 0.016	1.883PheArg: 1.883 ± 0.018	2.548PheSer: 2.548 ± 0.019	1.733PheThr: 1.733 ± 0.019	2.408PheVal: 2.408 ± 0.02	0.459PheTrp: 0.459 ± 0.008	1.295PheTyr: 1.295 ± 0.016	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.647GlyAla: 4.647 ± 0.037	1.112GlyCys: 1.112 ± 0.015	3.085GlyAsp: 3.085 ± 0.022	3.111GlyGlu: 3.111 ± 0.025	2.154GlyPhe: 2.154 ± 0.024	6.657GlyGly: 6.657 ± 0.085	1.773GlyHis: 1.773 ± 0.019	2.929GlyIle: 2.929 ± 0.023	3.021GlyLys: 3.021 ± 0.025	4.89GlyLeu: 4.89 ± 0.037	1.411GlyMet: 1.411 ± 0.016	2.855GlyAsn: 2.855 ± 0.026	2.718GlyPro: 2.718 ± 0.033	2.607GlyGln: 2.607 ± 0.024	3.209GlyArg: 3.209 ± 0.028	5.782GlySer: 5.782 ± 0.05	3.287GlyThr: 3.287 ± 0.026	3.591GlyVal: 3.591 ± 0.029	0.653GlyTrp: 0.653 ± 0.012	2.029GlyTyr: 2.029 ± 0.021	0.003GlyXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
His	1.625HisAla: 1.625 ± 0.016	0.619HisCys: 0.619 ± 0.011	1.113HisAsp: 1.113 ± 0.014	1.392HisGlu: 1.392 ± 0.016	1.037HisPhe: 1.037 ± 0.014	1.64HisGly: 1.64 ± 0.021	1.518HisHis: 1.518 ± 0.031	1.371HisIle: 1.371 ± 0.016	1.324HisLys: 1.324 ± 0.016	2.62HisLeu: 2.62 ± 0.018	0.742HisMet: 0.742 ± 0.011	1.182HisAsn: 1.182 ± 0.013	1.564HisPro: 1.564 ± 0.022	1.749HisGln: 1.749 ± 0.022	1.577HisArg: 1.577 ± 0.017	2.252HisSer: 2.252 ± 0.023	1.414HisThr: 1.414 ± 0.017	1.455HisVal: 1.455 ± 0.014	0.327HisTrp: 0.327 ± 0.007	0.874HisTyr: 0.874 ± 0.012	0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile	3.326IleAla: 3.326 ± 0.023	1.183IleCys: 1.183 ± 0.015	2.677IleAsp: 2.677 ± 0.019	3.013IleGlu: 3.013 ± 0.027	2.064IlePhe: 2.064 ± 0.021	2.702IleGly: 2.702 ± 0.023	1.116IleHis: 1.116 ± 0.014	2.565IleIle: 2.565 ± 0.023	2.717IleLys: 2.717 ± 0.021	4.262IleLeu: 4.262 ± 0.03	1.13IleMet: 1.13 ± 0.014	2.25IleAsn: 2.25 ± 0.019	2.282IlePro: 2.282 ± 0.022	1.908IleGln: 1.908 ± 0.016	2.526IleArg: 2.526 ± 0.018	3.908IleSer: 3.908 ± 0.026	2.653IleThr: 2.653 ± 0.021	3.172IleVal: 3.172 ± 0.025	0.558IleTrp: 0.558 ± 0.01	1.693IleTyr: 1.693 ± 0.017	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	3.547LysAla: 3.547 ± 0.027	1.089LysCys: 1.089 ± 0.016	2.765LysAsp: 2.765 ± 0.025	3.716LysGlu: 3.716 ± 0.034	1.822LysPhe: 1.822 ± 0.017	2.345LysGly: 2.345 ± 0.027	1.376LysHis: 1.376 ± 0.016	2.71LysIle: 2.71 ± 0.02	3.906LysLys: 3.906 ± 0.04	5.093LysLeu: 5.093 ± 0.034	1.441LysMet: 1.441 ± 0.015	2.302LysAsn: 2.302 ± 0.021	2.927LysPro: 2.927 ± 0.033	2.707LysGln: 2.707 ± 0.023	3.691LysArg: 3.691 ± 0.03	3.949LysSer: 3.949 ± 0.033	2.965LysThr: 2.965 ± 0.027	2.931LysVal: 2.931 ± 0.025	0.598LysTrp: 0.598 ± 0.01	1.692LysTyr: 1.692 ± 0.018	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.811LeuAla: 6.811 ± 0.034	1.821LeuCys: 1.821 ± 0.017	4.79LeuAsp: 4.79 ± 0.033	5.979LeuGlu: 5.979 ± 0.037	3.038LeuPhe: 3.038 ± 0.025	5.034LeuGly: 5.034 ± 0.034	2.546LeuHis: 2.546 ± 0.021	4.225LeuIle: 4.225 ± 0.033	5.311LeuLys: 5.311 ± 0.035	9.502LeuLeu: 9.502 ± 0.066	2.257LeuMet: 2.257 ± 0.019	4.063LeuAsn: 4.063 ± 0.027	5.195LeuPro: 5.195 ± 0.032	5.177LeuGln: 5.177 ± 0.036	5.637LeuArg: 5.637 ± 0.035	6.884LeuSer: 6.884 ± 0.036	4.674LeuThr: 4.674 ± 0.026	5.209LeuVal: 5.209 ± 0.032	0.955LeuTrp: 0.955 ± 0.012	2.584LeuTyr: 2.584 ± 0.021	0.003LeuXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Met	2.024MetAla: 2.024 ± 0.016	0.437MetCys: 0.437 ± 0.008	1.431MetAsp: 1.431 ± 0.015	1.656MetGlu: 1.656 ± 0.017	0.806MetPhe: 0.806 ± 0.011	1.484MetGly: 1.484 ± 0.017	0.658MetHis: 0.658 ± 0.01	1.012MetIle: 1.012 ± 0.014	1.247MetLys: 1.247 ± 0.015	2.254MetLeu: 2.254 ± 0.019	0.659MetMet: 0.659 ± 0.012	0.981MetAsn: 0.981 ± 0.011	1.466MetPro: 1.466 ± 0.019	1.271MetGln: 1.271 ± 0.017	1.513MetArg: 1.513 ± 0.017	1.919MetSer: 1.919 ± 0.018	1.187MetThr: 1.187 ± 0.012	1.331MetVal: 1.331 ± 0.012	0.252MetTrp: 0.252 ± 0.006	0.656MetTyr: 0.656 ± 0.011	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.217AsnAla: 3.217 ± 0.026	0.932AsnCys: 0.932 ± 0.015	2.225AsnAsp: 2.225 ± 0.022	2.677AsnGlu: 2.677 ± 0.02	1.718AsnPhe: 1.718 ± 0.016	3.309AsnGly: 3.309 ± 0.032	1.056AsnHis: 1.056 ± 0.016	2.373AsnIle: 2.373 ± 0.021	2.157AsnLys: 2.157 ± 0.019	3.866AsnLeu: 3.866 ± 0.025	1.14AsnMet: 1.14 ± 0.014	2.8AsnAsn: 2.8 ± 0.034	2.158AsnPro: 2.158 ± 0.021	1.818AsnGln: 1.818 ± 0.02	2.265AsnArg: 2.265 ± 0.02	3.759AsnSer: 3.759 ± 0.031	2.309AsnThr: 2.309 ± 0.021	2.762AsnVal: 2.762 ± 0.019	0.499AsnTrp: 0.499 ± 0.01	1.48AsnTyr: 1.48 ± 0.017	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.529ProAla: 4.529 ± 0.048	0.798ProCys: 0.798 ± 0.018	2.429ProAsp: 2.429 ± 0.021	3.453ProGlu: 3.453 ± 0.029	1.636ProPhe: 1.636 ± 0.017	3.098ProGly: 3.098 ± 0.044	1.559ProHis: 1.559 ± 0.022	2.364ProIle: 2.364 ± 0.022	3.027ProLys: 3.027 ± 0.027	4.601ProLeu: 4.601 ± 0.033	1.228ProMet: 1.228 ± 0.015	2.289ProAsn: 2.289 ± 0.022	5.013ProPro: 5.013 ± 0.073	2.997ProGln: 2.997 ± 0.032	2.74ProArg: 2.74 ± 0.024	4.544ProSer: 4.544 ± 0.038	3.549ProThr: 3.549 ± 0.032	3.231ProVal: 3.231 ± 0.029	0.494ProTrp: 0.494 ± 0.009	1.429ProTyr: 1.429 ± 0.015	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.394GlnAla: 3.394 ± 0.027	0.869GlnCys: 0.869 ± 0.014	1.921GlnAsp: 1.921 ± 0.02	3.002GlnGlu: 3.002 ± 0.028	1.515GlnPhe: 1.515 ± 0.015	2.125GlnGly: 2.125 ± 0.022	1.936GlnHis: 1.936 ± 0.026	2.097GlnIle: 2.097 ± 0.02	2.604GlnLys: 2.604 ± 0.022	5.252GlnLeu: 5.252 ± 0.039	1.321GlnMet: 1.321 ± 0.015	1.968GlnAsn: 1.968 ± 0.019	3.005GlnPro: 3.005 ± 0.035	7.679GlnGln: 7.679 ± 0.151	3.474GlnArg: 3.474 ± 0.03	3.493GlnSer: 3.493 ± 0.027	2.536GlnThr: 2.536 ± 0.024	2.38GlnVal: 2.38 ± 0.021	0.472GlnTrp: 0.472 ± 0.009	1.273GlnTyr: 1.273 ± 0.016	0.002GlnXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Arg	3.498ArgAla: 3.498 ± 0.025	1.168ArgCys: 1.168 ± 0.017	2.8ArgAsp: 2.8 ± 0.023	3.556ArgGlu: 3.556 ± 0.033	2.044ArgPhe: 2.044 ± 0.018	3.014ArgGly: 3.014 ± 0.03	1.735ArgHis: 1.735 ± 0.015	2.794ArgIle: 2.794 ± 0.023	3.413ArgLys: 3.413 ± 0.025	5.424ArgLeu: 5.424 ± 0.034	1.326ArgMet: 1.326 ± 0.013	2.652ArgAsn: 2.652 ± 0.023	2.904ArgPro: 2.904 ± 0.026	3.032ArgGln: 3.032 ± 0.029	4.762ArgArg: 4.762 ± 0.04	4.506ArgSer: 4.506 ± 0.037	2.928ArgThr: 2.928 ± 0.022	2.938ArgVal: 2.938 ± 0.022	0.615ArgTrp: 0.615 ± 0.011	1.71ArgTyr: 1.71 ± 0.017	0.003ArgXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Ser	6.12SerAla: 6.12 ± 0.038	1.499SerCys: 1.499 ± 0.018	3.99SerAsp: 3.99 ± 0.032	4.322SerGlu: 4.322 ± 0.035	2.658SerPhe: 2.658 ± 0.022	5.747SerGly: 5.747 ± 0.045	2.075SerHis: 2.075 ± 0.02	3.641SerIle: 3.641 ± 0.024	3.905SerLys: 3.905 ± 0.035	6.839SerLeu: 6.839 ± 0.039	1.843SerMet: 1.843 ± 0.017	3.903SerAsn: 3.903 ± 0.033	4.596SerPro: 4.596 ± 0.043	3.445SerGln: 3.445 ± 0.028	4.061SerArg: 4.061 ± 0.033	9.975SerSer: 9.975 ± 0.1	5.258SerThr: 5.258 ± 0.042	4.56SerVal: 4.56 ± 0.025	0.785SerTrp: 0.785 ± 0.011	2.285SerTyr: 2.285 ± 0.024	0.004SerXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Thr	4.906ThrAla: 4.906 ± 0.04	1.019ThrCys: 1.019 ± 0.015	2.712ThrAsp: 2.712 ± 0.022	3.265ThrGlu: 3.265 ± 0.029	1.85ThrPhe: 1.85 ± 0.021	3.402ThrGly: 3.402 ± 0.029	1.365ThrHis: 1.365 ± 0.014	2.805ThrIle: 2.805 ± 0.023	2.761ThrLys: 2.761 ± 0.022	4.976ThrLeu: 4.976 ± 0.032	1.223ThrMet: 1.223 ± 0.013	2.403ThrAsn: 2.403 ± 0.02	3.83ThrPro: 3.83 ± 0.035	2.295ThrGln: 2.295 ± 0.023	2.657ThrArg: 2.657 ± 0.023	4.836ThrSer: 4.836 ± 0.035	4.747ThrThr: 4.747 ± 0.058	3.398ThrVal: 3.398 ± 0.024	0.508ThrTrp: 0.508 ± 0.009	1.494ThrTyr: 1.494 ± 0.017	0.002ThrXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Val	4.842ValAla: 4.842 ± 0.03	1.25ValCys: 1.25 ± 0.015	3.206ValAsp: 3.206 ± 0.025	3.783ValGlu: 3.783 ± 0.028	2.137ValPhe: 2.137 ± 0.019	3.536ValGly: 3.536 ± 0.028	1.529ValHis: 1.529 ± 0.018	2.784ValIle: 2.784 ± 0.022	2.995ValLys: 2.995 ± 0.025	5.534ValLeu: 5.534 ± 0.035	1.344ValMet: 1.344 ± 0.016	2.434ValAsn: 2.434 ± 0.023	3.338ValPro: 3.338 ± 0.026	2.641ValGln: 2.641 ± 0.023	3.191ValArg: 3.191 ± 0.025	4.238ValSer: 4.238 ± 0.026	3.135ValThr: 3.135 ± 0.022	3.992ValVal: 3.992 ± 0.028	0.647ValTrp: 0.647 ± 0.01	1.762ValTyr: 1.762 ± 0.019	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.588TrpAla: 0.588 ± 0.01	0.217TrpCys: 0.217 ± 0.005	0.536TrpAsp: 0.536 ± 0.009	0.542TrpGlu: 0.542 ± 0.008	0.394TrpPhe: 0.394 ± 0.008	0.549TrpGly: 0.549 ± 0.011	0.317TrpHis: 0.317 ± 0.007	0.549TrpIle: 0.549 ± 0.009	0.588TrpLys: 0.588 ± 0.01	1.146TrpLeu: 1.146 ± 0.015	0.3TrpMet: 0.3 ± 0.006	0.498TrpAsn: 0.498 ± 0.008	0.463TrpPro: 0.463 ± 0.009	0.559TrpGln: 0.559 ± 0.01	0.74TrpArg: 0.74 ± 0.01	0.813TrpSer: 0.813 ± 0.013	0.61TrpThr: 0.61 ± 0.009	0.529TrpVal: 0.529 ± 0.008	0.172TrpTrp: 0.172 ± 0.005	0.326TrpTyr: 0.326 ± 0.007	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.019TyrAla: 2.019 ± 0.019	0.668TyrCys: 0.668 ± 0.012	1.726TyrAsp: 1.726 ± 0.016	1.804TyrGlu: 1.804 ± 0.015	1.284TyrPhe: 1.284 ± 0.016	1.919TyrGly: 1.919 ± 0.022	0.823TyrHis: 0.823 ± 0.012	1.436TyrIle: 1.436 ± 0.014	1.547TyrLys: 1.547 ± 0.016	2.734TyrLeu: 2.734 ± 0.023	0.799TyrMet: 0.799 ± 0.01	1.452TyrAsn: 1.452 ± 0.016	1.377TyrPro: 1.377 ± 0.02	1.331TyrGln: 1.331 ± 0.018	1.729TyrArg: 1.729 ± 0.019	2.135TyrSer: 2.135 ± 0.023	1.564TyrThr: 1.564 ± 0.017	1.807TyrVal: 1.807 ± 0.018	0.371TyrTrp: 0.371 ± 0.009	1.171TyrTyr: 1.171 ± 0.015	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.003XaaAla: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaCys: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaPhe: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaIle: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaLys: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.003XaaLeu: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.002XaaMet: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.002XaaPro: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaArg: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.003XaaSer: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaVal: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	3.235XaaXaa: 3.235 ± 0.351

Statistics based on 16754 proteins (7194521 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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