Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Plasmodium ovale (malaria parasite P. ovale)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	1.407AlaAla: 1.407 ± 0.035	0.611AlaCys: 0.611 ± 0.013	1.731AlaAsp: 1.731 ± 0.024	2.368AlaGlu: 2.368 ± 0.044	1.324AlaPhe: 1.324 ± 0.021	1.394AlaGly: 1.394 ± 0.025	0.925AlaHis: 0.925 ± 0.018	2.074AlaIle: 2.074 ± 0.025	2.959AlaLys: 2.959 ± 0.041	2.625AlaLeu: 2.625 ± 0.031	0.614AlaMet: 0.614 ± 0.013	2.702AlaAsn: 2.702 ± 0.039	0.919AlaPro: 0.919 ± 0.018	1.107AlaGln: 1.107 ± 0.023	1.133AlaArg: 1.133 ± 0.022	2.539AlaSer: 2.539 ± 0.027	1.661AlaThr: 1.661 ± 0.027	1.544AlaVal: 1.544 ± 0.025	0.175AlaTrp: 0.175 ± 0.006	1.587AlaTyr: 1.587 ± 0.022	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	0.81CysAla: 0.81 ± 0.016	0.421CysCys: 0.421 ± 0.011	1.241CysAsp: 1.241 ± 0.02	1.506CysGlu: 1.506 ± 0.023	0.912CysPhe: 0.912 ± 0.016	0.903CysGly: 0.903 ± 0.018	0.392CysHis: 0.392 ± 0.011	1.734CysIle: 1.734 ± 0.024	2.067CysLys: 2.067 ± 0.025	1.658CysLeu: 1.658 ± 0.025	0.406CysMet: 0.406 ± 0.012	1.829CysAsn: 1.829 ± 0.025	0.585CysPro: 0.585 ± 0.014	0.41CysGln: 0.41 ± 0.01	0.786CysArg: 0.786 ± 0.014	1.884CysSer: 1.884 ± 0.027	1.234CysThr: 1.234 ± 0.019	1.058CysVal: 1.058 ± 0.02	0.086CysTrp: 0.086 ± 0.005	0.857CysTyr: 0.857 ± 0.016	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.152AspAla: 2.152 ± 0.036	0.889AspCys: 0.889 ± 0.016	4.32AspAsp: 4.32 ± 0.07	5.371AspGlu: 5.371 ± 0.06	2.441AspPhe: 2.441 ± 0.029	2.75AspGly: 2.75 ± 0.031	1.08AspHis: 1.08 ± 0.019	5.417AspIle: 5.417 ± 0.039	5.127AspLys: 5.127 ± 0.055	3.886AspLeu: 3.886 ± 0.036	1.454AspMet: 1.454 ± 0.018	4.954AspAsn: 4.954 ± 0.043	1.172AspPro: 1.172 ± 0.021	1.169AspGln: 1.169 ± 0.02	1.939AspArg: 1.939 ± 0.034	3.976AspSer: 3.976 ± 0.038	2.805AspThr: 2.805 ± 0.037	3.516AspVal: 3.516 ± 0.032	0.287AspTrp: 0.287 ± 0.01	2.626AspTyr: 2.626 ± 0.027	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	2.452GluAla: 2.452 ± 0.047	1.327GluCys: 1.327 ± 0.02	4.996GluAsp: 4.996 ± 0.063	9.827GluGlu: 9.827 ± 0.126	2.265GluPhe: 2.265 ± 0.025	3.801GluGly: 3.801 ± 0.047	1.802GluHis: 1.802 ± 0.03	5.238GluIle: 5.238 ± 0.042	11.063GluLys: 11.063 ± 0.09	5.123GluLeu: 5.123 ± 0.052	1.729GluMet: 1.729 ± 0.027	8.097GluAsn: 8.097 ± 0.065	1.107GluPro: 1.107 ± 0.019	2.427GluGln: 2.427 ± 0.039	3.486GluArg: 3.486 ± 0.049	4.498GluSer: 4.498 ± 0.047	3.036GluThr: 3.036 ± 0.034	3.269GluVal: 3.269 ± 0.046	0.515GluTrp: 0.515 ± 0.016	3.16GluTyr: 3.16 ± 0.033	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	1.275PheAla: 1.275 ± 0.018	1.143PheCys: 1.143 ± 0.019	2.469PheAsp: 2.469 ± 0.029	2.573PheGlu: 2.573 ± 0.029	3.606PhePhe: 3.606 ± 0.056	1.67PheGly: 1.67 ± 0.033	1.21PheHis: 1.21 ± 0.017	3.513PheIle: 3.513 ± 0.039	3.569PheLys: 3.569 ± 0.035	5.39PheLeu: 5.39 ± 0.056	0.904PheMet: 0.904 ± 0.015	3.622PheAsn: 3.622 ± 0.036	1.431PhePro: 1.431 ± 0.019	1.222PheGln: 1.222 ± 0.022	1.518PheArg: 1.518 ± 0.021	4.055PheSer: 4.055 ± 0.039	2.155PheThr: 2.155 ± 0.024	2.279PheVal: 2.279 ± 0.03	0.279PheTrp: 0.279 ± 0.008	2.865PheTyr: 2.865 ± 0.034	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	1.625GlyAla: 1.625 ± 0.03	0.822GlyCys: 0.822 ± 0.017	3.144GlyAsp: 3.144 ± 0.042	4.686GlyGlu: 4.686 ± 0.062	1.335GlyPhe: 1.335 ± 0.021	3.705GlyGly: 3.705 ± 0.071	0.927GlyHis: 0.927 ± 0.017	3.257GlyIle: 3.257 ± 0.034	5.286GlyLys: 5.286 ± 0.041	2.288GlyLeu: 2.288 ± 0.029	0.919GlyMet: 0.919 ± 0.02	4.647GlyAsn: 4.647 ± 0.058	0.678GlyPro: 0.678 ± 0.015	1.029GlyGln: 1.029 ± 0.021	2.248GlyArg: 2.248 ± 0.036	4.192GlySer: 4.192 ± 0.056	2.266GlyThr: 2.266 ± 0.028	2.31GlyVal: 2.31 ± 0.036	0.221GlyTrp: 0.221 ± 0.008	1.808GlyTyr: 1.808 ± 0.026	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	0.839HisAla: 0.839 ± 0.017	0.434HisCys: 0.434 ± 0.009	1.221HisAsp: 1.221 ± 0.021	1.454HisGlu: 1.454 ± 0.02	1.517HisPhe: 1.517 ± 0.023	1.143HisGly: 1.143 ± 0.02	0.603HisHis: 0.603 ± 0.016	2.184HisIle: 2.184 ± 0.027	1.868HisLys: 1.868 ± 0.024	2.223HisLeu: 2.223 ± 0.025	0.666HisMet: 0.666 ± 0.013	2.006HisAsn: 2.006 ± 0.028	0.7HisPro: 0.7 ± 0.014	0.508HisGln: 0.508 ± 0.014	0.922HisArg: 0.922 ± 0.019	1.876HisSer: 1.876 ± 0.023	1.179HisThr: 1.179 ± 0.017	1.406HisVal: 1.406 ± 0.02	0.13HisTrp: 0.13 ± 0.006	1.079HisTyr: 1.079 ± 0.018	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.128IleAla: 2.128 ± 0.023	1.907IleCys: 1.907 ± 0.023	4.069IleAsp: 4.069 ± 0.034	4.769IleGlu: 4.769 ± 0.05	4.405IlePhe: 4.405 ± 0.049	2.915IleGly: 2.915 ± 0.032	2.001IleHis: 2.001 ± 0.022	5.878IleIle: 5.878 ± 0.057	7.302IleLys: 7.302 ± 0.061	7.318IleLeu: 7.318 ± 0.062	1.354IleMet: 1.354 ± 0.019	7.054IleAsn: 7.054 ± 0.052	2.436IlePro: 2.436 ± 0.033	2.129IleGln: 2.129 ± 0.025	2.676IleArg: 2.676 ± 0.029	6.12IleSer: 6.12 ± 0.044	3.316IleThr: 3.316 ± 0.033	3.237IleVal: 3.237 ± 0.033	0.499IleTrp: 0.499 ± 0.013	4.35IleTyr: 4.35 ± 0.045	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	2.461LysAla: 2.461 ± 0.042	2.274LysCys: 2.274 ± 0.027	5.227LysAsp: 5.227 ± 0.049	9.566LysGlu: 9.566 ± 0.094	3.46LysPhe: 3.46 ± 0.031	4.898LysGly: 4.898 ± 0.044	2.209LysHis: 2.209 ± 0.025	8.146LysIle: 8.146 ± 0.057	15.919LysLys: 15.919 ± 0.13	7.294LysLeu: 7.294 ± 0.055	2.487LysMet: 2.487 ± 0.025	11.047LysAsn: 11.047 ± 0.075	1.591LysPro: 1.591 ± 0.024	2.593LysGln: 2.593 ± 0.03	5.245LysArg: 5.245 ± 0.056	6.362LysSer: 6.362 ± 0.054	4.049LysThr: 4.049 ± 0.034	3.97LysVal: 3.97 ± 0.037	0.812LysTrp: 0.812 ± 0.019	5.353LysTyr: 5.353 ± 0.037	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	2.096LeuAla: 2.096 ± 0.029	1.977LeuCys: 1.977 ± 0.028	3.527LeuAsp: 3.527 ± 0.03	4.737LeuGlu: 4.737 ± 0.046	4.766LeuPhe: 4.766 ± 0.052	2.99LeuGly: 2.99 ± 0.036	2.309LeuHis: 2.309 ± 0.026	5.434LeuIle: 5.434 ± 0.049	8.442LeuLys: 8.442 ± 0.059	8.019LeuLeu: 8.019 ± 0.067	1.443LeuMet: 1.443 ± 0.021	7.198LeuAsn: 7.198 ± 0.052	2.479LeuPro: 2.479 ± 0.033	2.587LeuGln: 2.587 ± 0.032	3.343LeuArg: 3.343 ± 0.032	6.439LeuSer: 6.439 ± 0.044	3.375LeuThr: 3.375 ± 0.03	2.987LeuVal: 2.987 ± 0.035	0.537LeuTrp: 0.537 ± 0.012	4.707LeuTyr: 4.707 ± 0.043	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	0.592MetAla: 0.592 ± 0.012	0.465MetCys: 0.465 ± 0.013	1.308MetAsp: 1.308 ± 0.024	1.77MetGlu: 1.77 ± 0.021	0.876MetPhe: 0.876 ± 0.015	1.057MetGly: 1.057 ± 0.02	0.693MetHis: 0.693 ± 0.015	1.153MetIle: 1.153 ± 0.02	2.392MetLys: 2.392 ± 0.026	1.629MetLeu: 1.629 ± 0.022	0.435MetMet: 0.435 ± 0.011	2.34MetAsn: 2.34 ± 0.032	0.511MetPro: 0.511 ± 0.016	0.738MetGln: 0.738 ± 0.015	0.835MetArg: 0.835 ± 0.018	1.54MetSer: 1.54 ± 0.023	0.751MetThr: 0.751 ± 0.013	0.816MetVal: 0.816 ± 0.017	0.145MetTrp: 0.145 ± 0.006	1.202MetTyr: 1.202 ± 0.02	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.211AsnAla: 3.211 ± 0.036	1.849AsnCys: 1.849 ± 0.027	5.761AsnAsp: 5.761 ± 0.055	7.427AsnGlu: 7.427 ± 0.059	4.696AsnPhe: 4.696 ± 0.042	4.561AsnGly: 4.561 ± 0.068	1.685AsnHis: 1.685 ± 0.022	8.668AsnIle: 8.668 ± 0.067	8.265AsnLys: 8.265 ± 0.06	6.629AsnLeu: 6.629 ± 0.05	2.431AsnMet: 2.431 ± 0.031	9.043AsnAsn: 9.043 ± 0.106	1.916AsnPro: 1.916 ± 0.027	1.816AsnGln: 1.816 ± 0.03	3.365AsnArg: 3.365 ± 0.034	7.457AsnSer: 7.457 ± 0.077	4.351AsnThr: 4.351 ± 0.043	5.626AsnVal: 5.626 ± 0.052	0.45AsnTrp: 0.45 ± 0.013	5.029AsnTyr: 5.029 ± 0.044	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	0.659ProAla: 0.659 ± 0.017	0.542ProCys: 0.542 ± 0.014	1.108ProAsp: 1.108 ± 0.021	1.385ProGlu: 1.385 ± 0.028	1.601ProPhe: 1.601 ± 0.025	0.956ProGly: 0.956 ± 0.024	0.702ProHis: 0.702 ± 0.015	1.798ProIle: 1.798 ± 0.023	1.769ProLys: 1.769 ± 0.028	2.384ProLeu: 2.384 ± 0.029	0.462ProMet: 0.462 ± 0.012	1.966ProAsn: 1.966 ± 0.03	1.112ProPro: 1.112 ± 0.03	0.803ProGln: 0.803 ± 0.018	0.826ProArg: 0.826 ± 0.017	2.324ProSer: 2.324 ± 0.029	1.183ProThr: 1.183 ± 0.025	1.243ProVal: 1.243 ± 0.022	0.179ProTrp: 0.179 ± 0.007	1.226ProTyr: 1.226 ± 0.021	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	0.766GlnAla: 0.766 ± 0.019	0.505GlnCys: 0.505 ± 0.013	1.216GlnAsp: 1.216 ± 0.018	1.999GlnGlu: 1.999 ± 0.03	1.083GlnPhe: 1.083 ± 0.017	1.273GlnGly: 1.273 ± 0.022	0.65GlnHis: 0.65 ± 0.02	1.925GlnIle: 1.925 ± 0.025	3.05GlnLys: 3.05 ± 0.035	2.101GlnLeu: 2.101 ± 0.025	0.768GlnMet: 0.768 ± 0.026	2.867GlnAsn: 2.867 ± 0.033	0.594GlnPro: 0.594 ± 0.015	0.961GlnGln: 0.961 ± 0.025	1.218GlnArg: 1.218 ± 0.018	1.838GlnSer: 1.838 ± 0.027	1.19GlnThr: 1.19 ± 0.021	1.17GlnVal: 1.17 ± 0.02	0.226GlnTrp: 0.226 ± 0.009	1.185GlnTyr: 1.185 ± 0.018	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	1.144ArgAla: 1.144 ± 0.021	0.856ArgCys: 0.856 ± 0.015	2.456ArgAsp: 2.456 ± 0.035	3.759ArgGlu: 3.759 ± 0.047	1.214ArgPhe: 1.214 ± 0.017	2.499ArgGly: 2.499 ± 0.039	0.833ArgHis: 0.833 ± 0.014	2.647ArgIle: 2.647 ± 0.028	5.309ArgLys: 5.309 ± 0.054	2.233ArgLeu: 2.233 ± 0.029	0.819ArgMet: 0.819 ± 0.015	4.087ArgAsn: 4.087 ± 0.043	0.567ArgPro: 0.567 ± 0.014	0.925ArgGln: 0.925 ± 0.016	2.581ArgArg: 2.581 ± 0.043	3.085ArgSer: 3.085 ± 0.045	1.65ArgThr: 1.65 ± 0.021	1.643ArgVal: 1.643 ± 0.024	0.274ArgTrp: 0.274 ± 0.008	1.61ArgTyr: 1.61 ± 0.02	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	2.763SerAla: 2.763 ± 0.033	1.536SerCys: 1.536 ± 0.023	4.524SerAsp: 4.524 ± 0.046	5.264SerGlu: 5.264 ± 0.051	3.865SerPhe: 3.865 ± 0.031	4.316SerGly: 4.316 ± 0.062	1.896SerHis: 1.896 ± 0.028	5.449SerIle: 5.449 ± 0.044	6.558SerLys: 6.558 ± 0.049	6.156SerLeu: 6.156 ± 0.051	1.475SerMet: 1.475 ± 0.022	7.047SerAsn: 7.047 ± 0.067	2.113SerPro: 2.113 ± 0.029	1.981SerGln: 1.981 ± 0.025	2.871SerArg: 2.871 ± 0.037	8.179SerSer: 8.179 ± 0.083	3.99SerThr: 3.99 ± 0.036	3.725SerVal: 3.725 ± 0.032	0.423SerTrp: 0.423 ± 0.011	3.707SerTyr: 3.707 ± 0.038	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	1.571ThrAla: 1.571 ± 0.025	1.081ThrCys: 1.081 ± 0.017	2.361ThrAsp: 2.361 ± 0.028	2.899ThrGlu: 2.899 ± 0.034	2.413ThrPhe: 2.413 ± 0.023	2.019ThrGly: 2.019 ± 0.029	1.325ThrHis: 1.325 ± 0.022	3.068ThrIle: 3.068 ± 0.028	3.994ThrLys: 3.994 ± 0.037	3.738ThrLeu: 3.738 ± 0.032	0.8ThrMet: 0.8 ± 0.015	4.21ThrAsn: 4.21 ± 0.042	1.713ThrPro: 1.713 ± 0.03	1.421ThrGln: 1.421 ± 0.023	1.476ThrArg: 1.476 ± 0.02	3.976ThrSer: 3.976 ± 0.036	2.378ThrThr: 2.378 ± 0.037	2.206ThrVal: 2.206 ± 0.027	0.287ThrTrp: 0.287 ± 0.009	2.409ThrTyr: 2.409 ± 0.027	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	1.602ValAla: 1.602 ± 0.026	1.025ValCys: 1.025 ± 0.019	2.886ValAsp: 2.886 ± 0.039	3.718ValGlu: 3.718 ± 0.052	1.891ValPhe: 1.891 ± 0.024	2.343ValGly: 2.343 ± 0.038	1.496ValHis: 1.496 ± 0.019	3.168ValIle: 3.168 ± 0.035	4.685ValLys: 4.685 ± 0.04	3.872ValLeu: 3.872 ± 0.036	0.81ValMet: 0.81 ± 0.012	4.228ValAsn: 4.228 ± 0.04	1.327ValPro: 1.327 ± 0.022	1.558ValGln: 1.558 ± 0.021	1.861ValArg: 1.861 ± 0.027	3.634ValSer: 3.634 ± 0.037	2.217ValThr: 2.217 ± 0.028	2.295ValVal: 2.295 ± 0.033	0.254ValTrp: 0.254 ± 0.008	2.262ValTyr: 2.262 ± 0.028	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.161TrpAla: 0.161 ± 0.006	0.121TrpCys: 0.121 ± 0.005	0.367TrpAsp: 0.367 ± 0.01	0.478TrpGlu: 0.478 ± 0.013	0.268TrpPhe: 0.268 ± 0.008	0.344TrpGly: 0.344 ± 0.011	0.103TrpHis: 0.103 ± 0.005	0.568TrpIle: 0.568 ± 0.014	0.815TrpLys: 0.815 ± 0.017	0.628TrpLeu: 0.628 ± 0.013	0.155TrpMet: 0.155 ± 0.007	0.55TrpAsn: 0.55 ± 0.013	0.101TrpPro: 0.101 ± 0.006	0.126TrpGln: 0.126 ± 0.005	0.261TrpArg: 0.261 ± 0.007	0.378TrpSer: 0.378 ± 0.01	0.236TrpThr: 0.236 ± 0.009	0.32TrpVal: 0.32 ± 0.009	0.047TrpTrp: 0.047 ± 0.004	0.207TrpTyr: 0.207 ± 0.008	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.685TyrAla: 1.685 ± 0.023	0.993TyrCys: 0.993 ± 0.017	3.4TyrAsp: 3.4 ± 0.038	3.662TyrGlu: 3.662 ± 0.032	2.811TyrPhe: 2.811 ± 0.038	1.857TyrGly: 1.857 ± 0.027	1.118TyrHis: 1.118 ± 0.018	4.545TyrIle: 4.545 ± 0.044	4.527TyrLys: 4.527 ± 0.039	4.197TyrLeu: 4.197 ± 0.041	1.115TyrMet: 1.115 ± 0.017	4.741TyrAsn: 4.741 ± 0.041	1.174TyrPro: 1.174 ± 0.02	1.074TyrGln: 1.074 ± 0.018	1.604TyrArg: 1.604 ± 0.024	3.486TyrSer: 3.486 ± 0.031	2.321TyrThr: 2.321 ± 0.026	2.513TyrVal: 2.513 ± 0.028	0.406TyrTrp: 0.406 ± 0.011	2.647TyrTyr: 2.647 ± 0.033	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.041XaaXaa: 0.041 ± 0.017

Statistics based on 6625 proteins (4221578 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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