Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Corvus brachyrhynchos (American crow)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.926AlaAla: 5.926 ± 0.052	1.322AlaCys: 1.322 ± 0.02	2.988AlaAsp: 2.988 ± 0.025	4.666AlaGlu: 4.666 ± 0.031	2.684AlaPhe: 2.684 ± 0.024	4.075AlaGly: 4.075 ± 0.034	1.443AlaHis: 1.443 ± 0.018	3.075AlaIle: 3.075 ± 0.025	3.699AlaLys: 3.699 ± 0.029	6.68AlaLeu: 6.68 ± 0.045	1.503AlaMet: 1.503 ± 0.018	2.197AlaAsn: 2.197 ± 0.018	3.117AlaPro: 3.117 ± 0.037	2.863AlaGln: 2.863 ± 0.03	3.071AlaArg: 3.071 ± 0.023	5.068AlaSer: 5.068 ± 0.036	3.301AlaThr: 3.301 ± 0.027	5.004AlaVal: 5.004 ± 0.033	0.727AlaTrp: 0.727 ± 0.014	1.61AlaTyr: 1.61 ± 0.016	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.239CysAla: 1.239 ± 0.017	0.692CysCys: 0.692 ± 0.015	1.061CysAsp: 1.061 ± 0.02	1.321CysGlu: 1.321 ± 0.026	0.921CysPhe: 0.921 ± 0.014	1.56CysGly: 1.56 ± 0.027	0.673CysHis: 0.673 ± 0.015	1.13CysIle: 1.13 ± 0.019	1.291CysLys: 1.291 ± 0.02	2.214CysLeu: 2.214 ± 0.021	0.468CysMet: 0.468 ± 0.01	0.896CysAsn: 0.896 ± 0.017	1.391CysPro: 1.391 ± 0.031	1.137CysGln: 1.137 ± 0.019	1.239CysArg: 1.239 ± 0.019	2.046CysSer: 2.046 ± 0.029	1.205CysThr: 1.205 ± 0.017	1.438CysVal: 1.438 ± 0.024	0.308CysTrp: 0.308 ± 0.007	0.673CysTyr: 0.673 ± 0.013	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.89AspAla: 2.89 ± 0.023	1.111AspCys: 1.111 ± 0.019	2.795AspAsp: 2.795 ± 0.032	3.636AspGlu: 3.636 ± 0.034	2.312AspPhe: 2.312 ± 0.022	3.329AspGly: 3.329 ± 0.034	1.19AspHis: 1.19 ± 0.014	2.951AspIle: 2.951 ± 0.022	2.785AspLys: 2.785 ± 0.025	5.018AspLeu: 5.018 ± 0.033	1.145AspMet: 1.145 ± 0.014	1.914AspAsn: 1.914 ± 0.023	2.709AspPro: 2.709 ± 0.025	1.812AspGln: 1.812 ± 0.019	2.346AspArg: 2.346 ± 0.023	4.101AspSer: 4.101 ± 0.03	2.584AspThr: 2.584 ± 0.023	3.23AspVal: 3.23 ± 0.026	0.674AspTrp: 0.674 ± 0.013	1.634AspTyr: 1.634 ± 0.019	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.709GluAla: 4.709 ± 0.038	1.407GluCys: 1.407 ± 0.031	4.451GluAsp: 4.451 ± 0.032	7.834GluGlu: 7.834 ± 0.069	2.275GluPhe: 2.275 ± 0.021	4.12GluGly: 4.12 ± 0.038	1.591GluHis: 1.591 ± 0.018	3.464GluIle: 3.464 ± 0.027	5.587GluLys: 5.587 ± 0.047	6.418GluLeu: 6.418 ± 0.044	1.763GluMet: 1.763 ± 0.018	3.36GluAsn: 3.36 ± 0.029	2.64GluPro: 2.64 ± 0.027	3.267GluGln: 3.267 ± 0.026	3.885GluArg: 3.885 ± 0.035	4.402GluSer: 4.402 ± 0.032	3.416GluThr: 3.416 ± 0.023	4.274GluVal: 4.274 ± 0.025	0.758GluTrp: 0.758 ± 0.014	1.815GluTyr: 1.815 ± 0.02	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.206PheAla: 2.206 ± 0.023	1.015PheCys: 1.015 ± 0.014	1.834PheAsp: 1.834 ± 0.02	2.165PheGlu: 2.165 ± 0.022	1.823PhePhe: 1.823 ± 0.021	2.344PheGly: 2.344 ± 0.027	1.125PheHis: 1.125 ± 0.012	2.082PheIle: 2.082 ± 0.024	2.035PheLys: 2.035 ± 0.021	4.282PheLeu: 4.282 ± 0.036	0.797PheMet: 0.797 ± 0.013	1.496PheAsn: 1.496 ± 0.018	2.067PhePro: 2.067 ± 0.022	1.875PheGln: 1.875 ± 0.017	1.962PheArg: 1.962 ± 0.021	3.498PheSer: 3.498 ± 0.024	2.223PheThr: 2.223 ± 0.02	2.431PheVal: 2.431 ± 0.023	0.532PheTrp: 0.532 ± 0.01	1.331PheTyr: 1.331 ± 0.016	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.692GlyAla: 3.692 ± 0.036	1.3GlyCys: 1.3 ± 0.019	2.998GlyAsp: 2.998 ± 0.025	3.803GlyGlu: 3.803 ± 0.038	2.52GlyPhe: 2.52 ± 0.027	4.006GlyGly: 4.006 ± 0.039	1.613GlyHis: 1.613 ± 0.022	3.127GlyIle: 3.127 ± 0.029	4.064GlyLys: 4.064 ± 0.03	5.322GlyLeu: 5.322 ± 0.037	1.446GlyMet: 1.446 ± 0.019	2.553GlyAsn: 2.553 ± 0.028	2.845GlyPro: 2.845 ± 0.055	2.541GlyGln: 2.541 ± 0.027	3.32GlyArg: 3.32 ± 0.039	5.133GlySer: 5.133 ± 0.042	3.52GlyThr: 3.52 ± 0.029	3.581GlyVal: 3.581 ± 0.029	0.823GlyTrp: 0.823 ± 0.018	1.882GlyTyr: 1.882 ± 0.025	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
His	1.33HisAla: 1.33 ± 0.016	0.724HisCys: 0.724 ± 0.014	0.932HisAsp: 0.932 ± 0.012	1.37HisGlu: 1.37 ± 0.016	1.109HisPhe: 1.109 ± 0.016	1.602HisGly: 1.602 ± 0.018	0.868HisHis: 0.868 ± 0.013	1.356HisIle: 1.356 ± 0.014	1.406HisLys: 1.406 ± 0.017	2.838HisLeu: 2.838 ± 0.026	0.588HisMet: 0.588 ± 0.011	0.972HisAsn: 0.972 ± 0.013	1.548HisPro: 1.548 ± 0.019	1.238HisGln: 1.238 ± 0.017	1.516HisArg: 1.516 ± 0.019	2.276HisSer: 2.276 ± 0.026	1.422HisThr: 1.422 ± 0.022	1.559HisVal: 1.559 ± 0.019	0.38HisTrp: 0.38 ± 0.009	0.867HisTyr: 0.867 ± 0.014	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.96IleAla: 2.96 ± 0.025	1.218IleCys: 1.218 ± 0.018	2.334IleAsp: 2.334 ± 0.024	2.846IleGlu: 2.846 ± 0.028	2.147IlePhe: 2.147 ± 0.023	2.485IleGly: 2.485 ± 0.025	1.455IleHis: 1.455 ± 0.018	2.713IleIle: 2.713 ± 0.028	2.998IleLys: 2.998 ± 0.026	4.951IleLeu: 4.951 ± 0.035	1.063IleMet: 1.063 ± 0.013	2.136IleAsn: 2.136 ± 0.02	2.914IlePro: 2.914 ± 0.024	2.466IleGln: 2.466 ± 0.022	2.551IleArg: 2.551 ± 0.025	4.007IleSer: 4.007 ± 0.028	2.816IleThr: 2.816 ± 0.024	2.91IleVal: 2.91 ± 0.027	0.568IleTrp: 0.568 ± 0.011	1.594IleTyr: 1.594 ± 0.019	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.143LysAla: 4.143 ± 0.03	1.236LysCys: 1.236 ± 0.021	3.426LysAsp: 3.426 ± 0.027	5.685LysGlu: 5.685 ± 0.047	1.949LysPhe: 1.949 ± 0.019	3.472LysGly: 3.472 ± 0.039	1.567LysHis: 1.567 ± 0.016	3.154LysIle: 3.154 ± 0.025	5.249LysLys: 5.249 ± 0.047	5.657LysLeu: 5.657 ± 0.038	1.518LysMet: 1.518 ± 0.017	2.698LysAsn: 2.698 ± 0.025	3.05LysPro: 3.05 ± 0.028	2.935LysGln: 2.935 ± 0.026	3.5LysArg: 3.5 ± 0.029	4.186LysSer: 4.186 ± 0.036	3.314LysThr: 3.314 ± 0.026	3.765LysVal: 3.765 ± 0.027	0.685LysTrp: 0.685 ± 0.012	1.867LysTyr: 1.867 ± 0.02	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.372LeuAla: 6.372 ± 0.042	2.299LeuCys: 2.299 ± 0.024	4.869LeuAsp: 4.869 ± 0.033	6.999LeuGlu: 6.999 ± 0.04	3.618LeuPhe: 3.618 ± 0.033	5.373LeuGly: 5.373 ± 0.036	2.751LeuHis: 2.751 ± 0.026	4.241LeuIle: 4.241 ± 0.033	6.327LeuLys: 6.327 ± 0.042	10.275LeuLeu: 10.275 ± 0.069	2.024LeuMet: 2.024 ± 0.019	3.769LeuAsn: 3.769 ± 0.031	5.471LeuPro: 5.471 ± 0.037	5.671LeuGln: 5.671 ± 0.045	5.259LeuArg: 5.259 ± 0.04	7.873LeuSer: 7.873 ± 0.046	4.965LeuThr: 4.965 ± 0.032	5.648LeuVal: 5.648 ± 0.045	1.139LeuTrp: 1.139 ± 0.016	2.792LeuTyr: 2.792 ± 0.026	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.649MetAla: 1.649 ± 0.02	0.46MetCys: 0.46 ± 0.011	1.32MetAsp: 1.32 ± 0.017	1.898MetGlu: 1.898 ± 0.022	0.829MetPhe: 0.829 ± 0.015	1.272MetGly: 1.272 ± 0.018	0.514MetHis: 0.514 ± 0.009	0.959MetIle: 0.959 ± 0.014	1.591MetLys: 1.591 ± 0.019	2.031MetLeu: 2.031 ± 0.02	0.592MetMet: 0.592 ± 0.012	0.99MetAsn: 0.99 ± 0.014	1.01MetPro: 1.01 ± 0.016	1.023MetGln: 1.023 ± 0.017	1.042MetArg: 1.042 ± 0.013	1.554MetSer: 1.554 ± 0.019	1.124MetThr: 1.124 ± 0.012	1.449MetVal: 1.449 ± 0.019	0.249MetTrp: 0.249 ± 0.007	0.654MetTyr: 0.654 ± 0.011	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.3AsnAla: 2.3 ± 0.02	0.956AsnCys: 0.956 ± 0.015	1.674AsnAsp: 1.674 ± 0.02	2.476AsnGlu: 2.476 ± 0.023	1.622AsnPhe: 1.622 ± 0.018	2.713AsnGly: 2.713 ± 0.032	0.971AsnHis: 0.971 ± 0.014	2.436AsnIle: 2.436 ± 0.025	2.49AsnLys: 2.49 ± 0.022	4.053AsnLeu: 4.053 ± 0.029	0.976AsnMet: 0.976 ± 0.013	1.785AsnAsn: 1.785 ± 0.022	2.305AsnPro: 2.305 ± 0.024	1.69AsnGln: 1.69 ± 0.02	1.945AsnArg: 1.945 ± 0.017	3.374AsnSer: 3.374 ± 0.03	2.193AsnThr: 2.193 ± 0.02	2.426AsnVal: 2.426 ± 0.023	0.502AsnTrp: 0.502 ± 0.01	1.284AsnTyr: 1.284 ± 0.014	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.905ProAla: 3.905 ± 0.039	1.148ProCys: 1.148 ± 0.024	2.645ProAsp: 2.645 ± 0.022	3.97ProGlu: 3.97 ± 0.035	1.963ProPhe: 1.963 ± 0.021	3.868ProGly: 3.868 ± 0.078	1.272ProHis: 1.272 ± 0.016	1.947ProIle: 1.947 ± 0.021	2.784ProLys: 2.784 ± 0.026	4.722ProLeu: 4.722 ± 0.029	0.942ProMet: 0.942 ± 0.014	1.895ProAsn: 1.895 ± 0.022	4.246ProPro: 4.246 ± 0.059	2.412ProGln: 2.412 ± 0.027	2.572ProArg: 2.572 ± 0.027	5.004ProSer: 5.004 ± 0.042	2.71ProThr: 2.71 ± 0.026	3.807ProVal: 3.807 ± 0.034	0.622ProTrp: 0.622 ± 0.012	1.513ProTyr: 1.513 ± 0.019	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.108GlnAla: 3.108 ± 0.028	0.99GlnCys: 0.99 ± 0.02	2.259GlnAsp: 2.259 ± 0.023	3.681GlnGlu: 3.681 ± 0.031	1.513GlnPhe: 1.513 ± 0.017	2.582GlnGly: 2.582 ± 0.028	1.332GlnHis: 1.332 ± 0.017	2.221GlnIle: 2.221 ± 0.023	3.146GlnLys: 3.146 ± 0.028	4.681GlnLeu: 4.681 ± 0.032	1.103GlnMet: 1.103 ± 0.017	1.987GlnAsn: 1.987 ± 0.021	2.4GlnPro: 2.4 ± 0.027	2.973GlnGln: 2.973 ± 0.047	2.737GlnArg: 2.737 ± 0.028	3.164GlnSer: 3.164 ± 0.026	2.307GlnThr: 2.307 ± 0.023	2.816GlnVal: 2.816 ± 0.025	0.572GlnTrp: 0.572 ± 0.01	1.289GlnTyr: 1.289 ± 0.018	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.258ArgAla: 3.258 ± 0.022	1.171ArgCys: 1.171 ± 0.026	2.657ArgAsp: 2.657 ± 0.028	3.746ArgGlu: 3.746 ± 0.031	1.921ArgPhe: 1.921 ± 0.02	2.989ArgGly: 2.989 ± 0.031	1.466ArgHis: 1.466 ± 0.018	2.597ArgIle: 2.597 ± 0.023	3.991ArgLys: 3.991 ± 0.036	4.858ArgLeu: 4.858 ± 0.034	1.19ArgMet: 1.19 ± 0.015	2.231ArgAsn: 2.231 ± 0.02	2.454ArgPro: 2.454 ± 0.023	2.449ArgGln: 2.449 ± 0.025	3.746ArgArg: 3.746 ± 0.035	3.901ArgSer: 3.901 ± 0.039	2.687ArgThr: 2.687 ± 0.026	2.994ArgVal: 2.994 ± 0.023	0.635ArgTrp: 0.635 ± 0.012	1.576ArgTyr: 1.576 ± 0.02	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ser	5.113SerAla: 5.113 ± 0.04	1.9SerCys: 1.9 ± 0.025	4.016SerAsp: 4.016 ± 0.037	5.033SerGlu: 5.033 ± 0.034	3.128SerPhe: 3.128 ± 0.028	4.922SerGly: 4.922 ± 0.036	2.062SerHis: 2.062 ± 0.025	3.565SerIle: 3.565 ± 0.027	4.401SerLys: 4.401 ± 0.034	7.963SerLeu: 7.963 ± 0.043	1.596SerMet: 1.596 ± 0.022	2.93SerAsn: 2.93 ± 0.025	5.231SerPro: 5.231 ± 0.052	3.664SerGln: 3.664 ± 0.027	4.082SerArg: 4.082 ± 0.036	9.024SerSer: 9.024 ± 0.083	4.477SerThr: 4.477 ± 0.037	5.086SerVal: 5.086 ± 0.035	0.998SerTrp: 0.998 ± 0.014	2.221SerTyr: 2.221 ± 0.022	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	3.847ThrAla: 3.847 ± 0.031	1.315ThrCys: 1.315 ± 0.023	2.695ThrAsp: 2.695 ± 0.024	3.675ThrGlu: 3.675 ± 0.028	2.203ThrPhe: 2.203 ± 0.023	3.508ThrGly: 3.508 ± 0.031	1.23ThrHis: 1.23 ± 0.018	2.575ThrIle: 2.575 ± 0.023	2.835ThrLys: 2.835 ± 0.025	5.188ThrLeu: 5.188 ± 0.033	1.093ThrMet: 1.093 ± 0.015	1.907ThrAsn: 1.907 ± 0.019	3.141ThrPro: 3.141 ± 0.034	2.118ThrGln: 2.118 ± 0.02	2.33ThrArg: 2.33 ± 0.02	4.488ThrSer: 4.488 ± 0.035	2.917ThrThr: 2.917 ± 0.038	4.088ThrVal: 4.088 ± 0.032	0.701ThrTrp: 0.701 ± 0.012	1.53ThrTyr: 1.53 ± 0.017	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.143ValAla: 4.143 ± 0.032	1.61ValCys: 1.61 ± 0.024	3.069ValAsp: 3.069 ± 0.023	3.982ValGlu: 3.982 ± 0.034	2.7ValPhe: 2.7 ± 0.026	3.387ValGly: 3.387 ± 0.027	1.639ValHis: 1.639 ± 0.018	3.263ValIle: 3.263 ± 0.028	3.795ValLys: 3.795 ± 0.029	6.43ValLeu: 6.43 ± 0.042	1.396ValMet: 1.396 ± 0.015	2.524ValAsn: 2.524 ± 0.023	3.584ValPro: 3.584 ± 0.033	2.864ValGln: 2.864 ± 0.028	3.033ValArg: 3.033 ± 0.022	5.027ValSer: 5.027 ± 0.033	3.916ValThr: 3.916 ± 0.031	4.279ValVal: 4.279 ± 0.033	0.749ValTrp: 0.749 ± 0.013	1.841ValTyr: 1.841 ± 0.022	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.697TrpAla: 0.697 ± 0.013	0.266TrpCys: 0.266 ± 0.009	0.704TrpAsp: 0.704 ± 0.015	0.802TrpGlu: 0.802 ± 0.013	0.486TrpPhe: 0.486 ± 0.009	0.672TrpGly: 0.672 ± 0.014	0.323TrpHis: 0.323 ± 0.008	0.64TrpIle: 0.64 ± 0.011	0.906TrpLys: 0.906 ± 0.014	1.215TrpLeu: 1.215 ± 0.016	0.329TrpMet: 0.329 ± 0.008	0.63TrpAsn: 0.63 ± 0.013	0.463TrpPro: 0.463 ± 0.011	0.559TrpGln: 0.559 ± 0.012	0.691TrpArg: 0.691 ± 0.012	0.902TrpSer: 0.902 ± 0.016	0.662TrpThr: 0.662 ± 0.014	0.7TrpVal: 0.7 ± 0.012	0.196TrpTrp: 0.196 ± 0.006	0.386TrpTyr: 0.386 ± 0.009	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.535TyrAla: 1.535 ± 0.018	0.763TyrCys: 0.763 ± 0.013	1.439TyrAsp: 1.439 ± 0.016	1.846TyrGlu: 1.846 ± 0.019	1.4TyrPhe: 1.4 ± 0.018	1.81TyrGly: 1.81 ± 0.018	0.817TyrHis: 0.817 ± 0.012	1.637TyrIle: 1.637 ± 0.018	1.674TyrLys: 1.674 ± 0.021	2.94TyrLeu: 2.94 ± 0.024	0.677TyrMet: 0.677 ± 0.011	1.299TyrAsn: 1.299 ± 0.018	1.364TyrPro: 1.364 ± 0.017	1.302TyrGln: 1.302 ± 0.017	1.689TyrArg: 1.689 ± 0.017	2.385TyrSer: 2.385 ± 0.022	1.627TyrThr: 1.627 ± 0.021	1.744TyrVal: 1.744 ± 0.019	0.411TyrTrp: 0.411 ± 0.013	1.073TyrTyr: 1.073 ± 0.016	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLeu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.036XaaXaa: 0.036 ± 0.005

Statistics based on 13621 proteins (5900384 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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