Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Pterocles gutturalis (yellow-throated sandgrouse)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.674AlaAla: 5.674 ± 0.055	1.315AlaCys: 1.315 ± 0.027	3.015AlaAsp: 3.015 ± 0.032	4.556AlaGlu: 4.556 ± 0.045	2.603AlaPhe: 2.603 ± 0.031	3.786AlaGly: 3.786 ± 0.048	1.349AlaHis: 1.349 ± 0.02	3.099AlaIle: 3.099 ± 0.036	3.749AlaLys: 3.749 ± 0.032	6.381AlaLeu: 6.381 ± 0.054	1.526AlaMet: 1.526 ± 0.022	2.277AlaAsn: 2.277 ± 0.027	2.841AlaPro: 2.841 ± 0.042	2.707AlaGln: 2.707 ± 0.036	2.894AlaArg: 2.894 ± 0.032	5.218AlaSer: 5.218 ± 0.051	3.313AlaThr: 3.313 ± 0.035	4.859AlaVal: 4.859 ± 0.042	0.702AlaTrp: 0.702 ± 0.017	1.654AlaTyr: 1.654 ± 0.023	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.207CysAla: 1.207 ± 0.025	0.683CysCys: 0.683 ± 0.017	1.088CysAsp: 1.088 ± 0.031	1.364CysGlu: 1.364 ± 0.03	0.952CysPhe: 0.952 ± 0.021	1.476CysGly: 1.476 ± 0.032	0.648CysHis: 0.648 ± 0.019	1.204CysIle: 1.204 ± 0.021	1.367CysLys: 1.367 ± 0.025	2.207CysLeu: 2.207 ± 0.032	0.475CysMet: 0.475 ± 0.014	0.951CysAsn: 0.951 ± 0.024	1.262CysPro: 1.262 ± 0.031	1.066CysGln: 1.066 ± 0.024	1.228CysArg: 1.228 ± 0.022	2.081CysSer: 2.081 ± 0.035	1.231CysThr: 1.231 ± 0.024	1.373CysVal: 1.373 ± 0.022	0.309CysTrp: 0.309 ± 0.011	0.702CysTyr: 0.702 ± 0.016	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.897AspAla: 2.897 ± 0.033	1.151AspCys: 1.151 ± 0.027	2.934AspAsp: 2.934 ± 0.048	3.743AspGlu: 3.743 ± 0.043	2.294AspPhe: 2.294 ± 0.03	3.281AspGly: 3.281 ± 0.04	1.187AspHis: 1.187 ± 0.021	2.997AspIle: 2.997 ± 0.034	2.825AspLys: 2.825 ± 0.034	5.055AspLeu: 5.055 ± 0.05	1.15AspMet: 1.15 ± 0.019	1.998AspAsn: 1.998 ± 0.03	2.662AspPro: 2.662 ± 0.036	1.877AspGln: 1.877 ± 0.024	2.366AspArg: 2.366 ± 0.032	4.121AspSer: 4.121 ± 0.045	2.545AspThr: 2.545 ± 0.029	3.237AspVal: 3.237 ± 0.034	0.676AspTrp: 0.676 ± 0.017	1.684AspTyr: 1.684 ± 0.023	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.693GluAla: 4.693 ± 0.042	1.366GluCys: 1.366 ± 0.034	4.53GluAsp: 4.53 ± 0.041	7.909GluGlu: 7.909 ± 0.089	2.251GluPhe: 2.251 ± 0.029	3.879GluGly: 3.879 ± 0.042	1.539GluHis: 1.539 ± 0.027	3.626GluIle: 3.626 ± 0.036	5.836GluLys: 5.836 ± 0.071	6.397GluLeu: 6.397 ± 0.063	1.804GluMet: 1.804 ± 0.027	3.581GluAsn: 3.581 ± 0.041	2.539GluPro: 2.539 ± 0.035	3.198GluGln: 3.198 ± 0.042	3.855GluArg: 3.855 ± 0.052	4.509GluSer: 4.509 ± 0.046	3.566GluThr: 3.566 ± 0.04	4.326GluVal: 4.326 ± 0.046	0.725GluTrp: 0.725 ± 0.016	1.85GluTyr: 1.85 ± 0.024	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Phe	2.189PheAla: 2.189 ± 0.028	1.029PheCys: 1.029 ± 0.021	1.859PheAsp: 1.859 ± 0.029	2.185PheGlu: 2.185 ± 0.03	1.883PhePhe: 1.883 ± 0.03	2.307PheGly: 2.307 ± 0.034	1.116PheHis: 1.116 ± 0.02	2.156PheIle: 2.156 ± 0.028	2.073PheLys: 2.073 ± 0.027	4.241PheLeu: 4.241 ± 0.045	0.818PheMet: 0.818 ± 0.016	1.567PheAsn: 1.567 ± 0.021	1.977PhePro: 1.977 ± 0.031	1.845PheGln: 1.845 ± 0.027	1.915PheArg: 1.915 ± 0.026	3.508PheSer: 3.508 ± 0.039	2.279PheThr: 2.279 ± 0.03	2.435PheVal: 2.435 ± 0.035	0.535PheTrp: 0.535 ± 0.014	1.356PheTyr: 1.356 ± 0.02	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	3.36GlyAla: 3.36 ± 0.044	1.26GlyCys: 1.26 ± 0.026	2.947GlyAsp: 2.947 ± 0.042	3.706GlyGlu: 3.706 ± 0.05	2.53GlyPhe: 2.53 ± 0.037	3.811GlyGly: 3.811 ± 0.057	1.52GlyHis: 1.52 ± 0.027	3.134GlyIle: 3.134 ± 0.037	3.954GlyLys: 3.954 ± 0.044	5.116GlyLeu: 5.116 ± 0.052	1.372GlyMet: 1.372 ± 0.024	2.644GlyAsn: 2.644 ± 0.037	2.676GlyPro: 2.676 ± 0.072	2.478GlyGln: 2.478 ± 0.033	3.103GlyArg: 3.103 ± 0.039	4.995GlySer: 4.995 ± 0.049	3.441GlyThr: 3.441 ± 0.042	3.506GlyVal: 3.506 ± 0.04	0.757GlyTrp: 0.757 ± 0.019	1.881GlyTyr: 1.881 ± 0.027	0.002GlyXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
His	1.321HisAla: 1.321 ± 0.025	0.743HisCys: 0.743 ± 0.018	0.94HisAsp: 0.94 ± 0.016	1.367HisGlu: 1.367 ± 0.021	1.112HisPhe: 1.112 ± 0.02	1.48HisGly: 1.48 ± 0.022	0.872HisHis: 0.872 ± 0.021	1.338HisIle: 1.338 ± 0.022	1.408HisLys: 1.408 ± 0.023	2.815HisLeu: 2.815 ± 0.037	0.592HisMet: 0.592 ± 0.015	0.994HisAsn: 0.994 ± 0.018	1.504HisPro: 1.504 ± 0.024	1.186HisGln: 1.186 ± 0.02	1.443HisArg: 1.443 ± 0.025	2.21HisSer: 2.21 ± 0.028	1.316HisThr: 1.316 ± 0.024	1.526HisVal: 1.526 ± 0.023	0.352HisTrp: 0.352 ± 0.012	0.871HisTyr: 0.871 ± 0.016	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.094IleAla: 3.094 ± 0.034	1.252IleCys: 1.252 ± 0.024	2.389IleAsp: 2.389 ± 0.028	2.949IleGlu: 2.949 ± 0.035	2.241IlePhe: 2.241 ± 0.036	2.54IleGly: 2.54 ± 0.033	1.417IleHis: 1.417 ± 0.021	2.843IleIle: 2.843 ± 0.036	3.124IleLys: 3.124 ± 0.03	4.978IleLeu: 4.978 ± 0.044	1.088IleMet: 1.088 ± 0.02	2.202IleAsn: 2.202 ± 0.033	2.919IlePro: 2.919 ± 0.037	2.455IleGln: 2.455 ± 0.032	2.504IleArg: 2.504 ± 0.03	4.184IleSer: 4.184 ± 0.035	2.905IleThr: 2.905 ± 0.033	3.009IleVal: 3.009 ± 0.037	0.577IleTrp: 0.577 ± 0.016	1.63IleTyr: 1.63 ± 0.027	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	4.146LysAla: 4.146 ± 0.038	1.267LysCys: 1.267 ± 0.025	3.528LysAsp: 3.528 ± 0.041	5.772LysGlu: 5.772 ± 0.071	1.966LysPhe: 1.966 ± 0.023	3.4LysGly: 3.4 ± 0.062	1.621LysHis: 1.621 ± 0.025	3.246LysIle: 3.246 ± 0.034	5.453LysLys: 5.453 ± 0.066	5.779LysLeu: 5.779 ± 0.056	1.571LysMet: 1.571 ± 0.021	2.907LysAsn: 2.907 ± 0.034	3.091LysPro: 3.091 ± 0.046	3.0LysGln: 3.0 ± 0.038	3.567LysArg: 3.567 ± 0.035	4.367LysSer: 4.367 ± 0.043	3.474LysThr: 3.474 ± 0.037	3.782LysVal: 3.782 ± 0.04	0.687LysTrp: 0.687 ± 0.015	1.899LysTyr: 1.899 ± 0.026	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.105LeuAla: 6.105 ± 0.051	2.216LeuCys: 2.216 ± 0.03	4.828LeuAsp: 4.828 ± 0.046	6.975LeuGlu: 6.975 ± 0.076	3.609LeuPhe: 3.609 ± 0.041	5.195LeuGly: 5.195 ± 0.05	2.664LeuHis: 2.664 ± 0.031	4.299LeuIle: 4.299 ± 0.044	6.478LeuLys: 6.478 ± 0.064	10.061LeuLeu: 10.061 ± 0.081	2.068LeuMet: 2.068 ± 0.026	3.965LeuAsn: 3.965 ± 0.039	5.377LeuPro: 5.377 ± 0.062	5.633LeuGln: 5.633 ± 0.061	5.157LeuArg: 5.157 ± 0.05	7.798LeuSer: 7.798 ± 0.057	5.022LeuThr: 5.022 ± 0.044	5.457LeuVal: 5.457 ± 0.053	1.069LeuTrp: 1.069 ± 0.019	2.797LeuTyr: 2.797 ± 0.036	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Met	1.648MetAla: 1.648 ± 0.024	0.454MetCys: 0.454 ± 0.014	1.304MetAsp: 1.304 ± 0.022	1.893MetGlu: 1.893 ± 0.027	0.855MetPhe: 0.855 ± 0.018	1.269MetGly: 1.269 ± 0.027	0.526MetHis: 0.526 ± 0.014	0.995MetIle: 0.995 ± 0.017	1.628MetLys: 1.628 ± 0.024	2.111MetLeu: 2.111 ± 0.03	0.601MetMet: 0.601 ± 0.015	1.016MetAsn: 1.016 ± 0.018	1.06MetPro: 1.06 ± 0.02	1.034MetGln: 1.034 ± 0.021	1.071MetArg: 1.071 ± 0.018	1.55MetSer: 1.55 ± 0.023	1.173MetThr: 1.173 ± 0.018	1.417MetVal: 1.417 ± 0.025	0.264MetTrp: 0.264 ± 0.01	0.678MetTyr: 0.678 ± 0.016	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.363AsnAla: 2.363 ± 0.031	1.009AsnCys: 1.009 ± 0.024	1.798AsnAsp: 1.798 ± 0.03	2.686AsnGlu: 2.686 ± 0.036	1.657AsnPhe: 1.657 ± 0.025	2.847AsnGly: 2.847 ± 0.039	1.022AsnHis: 1.022 ± 0.02	2.564AsnIle: 2.564 ± 0.032	2.717AsnLys: 2.717 ± 0.033	4.159AsnLeu: 4.159 ± 0.044	1.007AsnMet: 1.007 ± 0.019	1.948AsnAsn: 1.948 ± 0.032	2.347AsnPro: 2.347 ± 0.032	1.744AsnGln: 1.744 ± 0.027	2.018AsnArg: 2.018 ± 0.027	3.544AsnSer: 3.544 ± 0.045	2.3AsnThr: 2.3 ± 0.032	2.514AsnVal: 2.514 ± 0.032	0.502AsnTrp: 0.502 ± 0.013	1.357AsnTyr: 1.357 ± 0.022	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.689ProAla: 3.689 ± 0.051	1.044ProCys: 1.044 ± 0.026	2.615ProAsp: 2.615 ± 0.03	3.877ProGlu: 3.877 ± 0.042	1.958ProPhe: 1.958 ± 0.027	3.635ProGly: 3.635 ± 0.123	1.24ProHis: 1.24 ± 0.023	1.964ProIle: 1.964 ± 0.029	2.814ProLys: 2.814 ± 0.039	4.639ProLeu: 4.639 ± 0.043	0.953ProMet: 0.953 ± 0.02	1.927ProAsn: 1.927 ± 0.027	4.184ProPro: 4.184 ± 0.07	2.299ProGln: 2.299 ± 0.04	2.509ProArg: 2.509 ± 0.031	4.935ProSer: 4.935 ± 0.063	2.683ProThr: 2.683 ± 0.035	3.802ProVal: 3.802 ± 0.046	0.55ProTrp: 0.55 ± 0.015	1.48ProTyr: 1.48 ± 0.025	0.002ProXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Gln	2.971GlnAla: 2.971 ± 0.035	1.016GlnCys: 1.016 ± 0.027	2.236GlnAsp: 2.236 ± 0.028	3.748GlnGlu: 3.748 ± 0.047	1.474GlnPhe: 1.474 ± 0.023	2.434GlnGly: 2.434 ± 0.034	1.276GlnHis: 1.276 ± 0.022	2.259GlnIle: 2.259 ± 0.028	3.23GlnLys: 3.23 ± 0.045	4.579GlnLeu: 4.579 ± 0.056	1.13GlnMet: 1.13 ± 0.021	2.063GlnAsn: 2.063 ± 0.027	2.358GlnPro: 2.358 ± 0.039	2.962GlnGln: 2.962 ± 0.063	2.61GlnArg: 2.61 ± 0.034	3.142GlnSer: 3.142 ± 0.039	2.354GlnThr: 2.354 ± 0.03	2.722GlnVal: 2.722 ± 0.032	0.529GlnTrp: 0.529 ± 0.014	1.309GlnTyr: 1.309 ± 0.023	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	2.968ArgAla: 2.968 ± 0.031	1.139ArgCys: 1.139 ± 0.029	2.562ArgAsp: 2.562 ± 0.034	3.717ArgGlu: 3.717 ± 0.051	1.907ArgPhe: 1.907 ± 0.027	2.835ArgGly: 2.835 ± 0.039	1.449ArgHis: 1.449 ± 0.026	2.621ArgIle: 2.621 ± 0.032	3.895ArgLys: 3.895 ± 0.043	4.752ArgLeu: 4.752 ± 0.045	1.171ArgMet: 1.171 ± 0.019	2.279ArgAsn: 2.279 ± 0.032	2.37ArgPro: 2.37 ± 0.033	2.473ArgGln: 2.473 ± 0.03	3.65ArgArg: 3.65 ± 0.051	3.893ArgSer: 3.893 ± 0.056	2.727ArgThr: 2.727 ± 0.034	2.899ArgVal: 2.899 ± 0.03	0.611ArgTrp: 0.611 ± 0.015	1.608ArgTyr: 1.608 ± 0.024	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ser	5.105SerAla: 5.105 ± 0.048	1.92SerCys: 1.92 ± 0.031	4.07SerAsp: 4.07 ± 0.045	5.224SerGlu: 5.224 ± 0.048	3.163SerPhe: 3.163 ± 0.034	4.886SerGly: 4.886 ± 0.048	1.997SerHis: 1.997 ± 0.027	3.619SerIle: 3.619 ± 0.034	4.544SerLys: 4.544 ± 0.045	7.914SerLeu: 7.914 ± 0.069	1.655SerMet: 1.655 ± 0.023	3.145SerAsn: 3.145 ± 0.037	5.152SerPro: 5.152 ± 0.066	3.621SerGln: 3.621 ± 0.046	4.04SerArg: 4.04 ± 0.058	9.233SerSer: 9.233 ± 0.123	4.599SerThr: 4.599 ± 0.041	5.084SerVal: 5.084 ± 0.047	0.974SerTrp: 0.974 ± 0.021	2.285SerTyr: 2.285 ± 0.028	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.782ThrAla: 3.782 ± 0.042	1.372ThrCys: 1.372 ± 0.031	2.776ThrAsp: 2.776 ± 0.033	3.788ThrGlu: 3.788 ± 0.04	2.218ThrPhe: 2.218 ± 0.031	3.42ThrGly: 3.42 ± 0.04	1.206ThrHis: 1.206 ± 0.022	2.652ThrIle: 2.652 ± 0.029	2.931ThrLys: 2.931 ± 0.031	5.138ThrLeu: 5.138 ± 0.044	1.153ThrMet: 1.153 ± 0.02	2.004ThrAsn: 2.004 ± 0.029	3.177ThrPro: 3.177 ± 0.05	2.147ThrGln: 2.147 ± 0.03	2.296ThrArg: 2.296 ± 0.027	4.698ThrSer: 4.698 ± 0.049	3.005ThrThr: 3.005 ± 0.032	4.162ThrVal: 4.162 ± 0.042	0.65ThrTrp: 0.65 ± 0.017	1.584ThrTyr: 1.584 ± 0.029	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.047ValAla: 4.047 ± 0.039	1.601ValCys: 1.601 ± 0.029	3.107ValAsp: 3.107 ± 0.035	3.911ValGlu: 3.911 ± 0.04	2.708ValPhe: 2.708 ± 0.035	3.294ValGly: 3.294 ± 0.038	1.613ValHis: 1.613 ± 0.026	3.344ValIle: 3.344 ± 0.043	3.856ValLys: 3.856 ± 0.041	6.297ValLeu: 6.297 ± 0.058	1.389ValMet: 1.389 ± 0.021	2.672ValAsn: 2.672 ± 0.032	3.495ValPro: 3.495 ± 0.036	2.815ValGln: 2.815 ± 0.037	2.918ValArg: 2.918 ± 0.028	4.955ValSer: 4.955 ± 0.04	3.885ValThr: 3.885 ± 0.041	4.253ValVal: 4.253 ± 0.044	0.723ValTrp: 0.723 ± 0.015	1.931ValTyr: 1.931 ± 0.029	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Trp	0.653TrpAla: 0.653 ± 0.018	0.244TrpCys: 0.244 ± 0.009	0.644TrpAsp: 0.644 ± 0.015	0.779TrpGlu: 0.779 ± 0.019	0.46TrpPhe: 0.46 ± 0.014	0.623TrpGly: 0.623 ± 0.017	0.309TrpHis: 0.309 ± 0.009	0.638TrpIle: 0.638 ± 0.015	0.896TrpLys: 0.896 ± 0.017	1.19TrpLeu: 1.19 ± 0.024	0.329TrpMet: 0.329 ± 0.012	0.634TrpAsn: 0.634 ± 0.018	0.449TrpPro: 0.449 ± 0.014	0.532TrpGln: 0.532 ± 0.012	0.665TrpArg: 0.665 ± 0.016	0.846TrpSer: 0.846 ± 0.017	0.659TrpThr: 0.659 ± 0.017	0.665TrpVal: 0.665 ± 0.016	0.202TrpTrp: 0.202 ± 0.01	0.379TrpTyr: 0.379 ± 0.011	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.607TyrAla: 1.607 ± 0.025	0.79TyrCys: 0.79 ± 0.02	1.51TyrAsp: 1.51 ± 0.027	1.831TyrGlu: 1.831 ± 0.027	1.429TyrPhe: 1.429 ± 0.025	1.79TyrGly: 1.79 ± 0.025	0.819TyrHis: 0.819 ± 0.018	1.704TyrIle: 1.704 ± 0.022	1.742TyrLys: 1.742 ± 0.026	2.967TyrLeu: 2.967 ± 0.034	0.695TyrMet: 0.695 ± 0.013	1.328TyrAsn: 1.328 ± 0.02	1.361TyrPro: 1.361 ± 0.023	1.333TyrGln: 1.333 ± 0.023	1.719TyrArg: 1.719 ± 0.025	2.444TyrSer: 2.444 ± 0.033	1.684TyrThr: 1.684 ± 0.027	1.785TyrVal: 1.785 ± 0.021	0.399TyrTrp: 0.399 ± 0.015	1.115TyrTyr: 1.115 ± 0.023	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.002XaaAla: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLys: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.052XaaXaa: 0.052 ± 0.01

Statistics based on 7373 proteins (3051726 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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