Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila sechellia (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	8.556AlaAla: 8.556 ± 0.082	1.194AlaCys: 1.194 ± 0.028	3.403AlaAsp: 3.403 ± 0.021	4.515AlaGlu: 4.515 ± 0.03	2.272AlaPhe: 2.272 ± 0.02	4.84AlaGly: 4.84 ± 0.039	1.713AlaHis: 1.713 ± 0.017	3.493AlaIle: 3.493 ± 0.027	4.166AlaLys: 4.166 ± 0.034	6.319AlaLeu: 6.319 ± 0.037	1.753AlaMet: 1.753 ± 0.018	3.227AlaAsn: 3.227 ± 0.024	4.165AlaPro: 4.165 ± 0.044	3.299AlaGln: 3.299 ± 0.028	3.38AlaArg: 3.38 ± 0.024	6.105AlaSer: 6.105 ± 0.035	4.864AlaThr: 4.864 ± 0.033	4.561AlaVal: 4.561 ± 0.026	0.602AlaTrp: 0.602 ± 0.009	1.803AlaTyr: 1.803 ± 0.018	0.002AlaXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Cys	1.218CysAla: 1.218 ± 0.021	0.528CysCys: 0.528 ± 0.011	1.087CysAsp: 1.087 ± 0.02	1.119CysGlu: 1.119 ± 0.019	0.726CysPhe: 0.726 ± 0.011	1.404CysGly: 1.404 ± 0.033	0.524CysHis: 0.524 ± 0.011	0.975CysIle: 0.975 ± 0.019	0.938CysLys: 0.938 ± 0.015	1.84CysLeu: 1.84 ± 0.025	0.411CysMet: 0.411 ± 0.008	0.851CysAsn: 0.851 ± 0.018	1.059CysPro: 1.059 ± 0.032	0.872CysGln: 0.872 ± 0.025	1.18CysArg: 1.18 ± 0.036	1.662CysSer: 1.662 ± 0.03	0.974CysThr: 0.974 ± 0.018	1.194CysVal: 1.194 ± 0.025	0.215CysTrp: 0.215 ± 0.005	0.563CysTyr: 0.563 ± 0.011	0.001CysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asp	3.554AspAla: 3.554 ± 0.026	1.017AspCys: 1.017 ± 0.02	3.634AspAsp: 3.634 ± 0.036	4.193AspGlu: 4.193 ± 0.032	2.205AspPhe: 2.205 ± 0.018	3.107AspGly: 3.107 ± 0.025	1.134AspHis: 1.134 ± 0.014	2.807AspIle: 2.807 ± 0.018	2.628AspLys: 2.628 ± 0.023	4.799AspLeu: 4.799 ± 0.032	1.278AspMet: 1.278 ± 0.015	2.211AspAsn: 2.211 ± 0.024	2.436AspPro: 2.436 ± 0.032	2.027AspGln: 2.027 ± 0.02	2.525AspArg: 2.525 ± 0.024	3.927AspSer: 3.927 ± 0.028	2.425AspThr: 2.425 ± 0.023	3.305AspVal: 3.305 ± 0.024	0.615AspTrp: 0.615 ± 0.011	1.775AspTyr: 1.775 ± 0.016	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.438GluAla: 4.438 ± 0.035	1.153GluCys: 1.153 ± 0.035	3.991GluAsp: 3.991 ± 0.034	5.783GluGlu: 5.783 ± 0.062	2.187GluPhe: 2.187 ± 0.022	2.803GluGly: 2.803 ± 0.027	1.629GluHis: 1.629 ± 0.015	3.205GluIle: 3.205 ± 0.024	4.013GluLys: 4.013 ± 0.037	6.151GluLeu: 6.151 ± 0.044	1.583GluMet: 1.583 ± 0.014	2.861GluAsn: 2.861 ± 0.022	2.827GluPro: 2.827 ± 0.029	3.463GluGln: 3.463 ± 0.03	3.949GluArg: 3.949 ± 0.035	4.34GluSer: 4.34 ± 0.029	3.202GluThr: 3.202 ± 0.027	3.586GluVal: 3.586 ± 0.028	0.581GluTrp: 0.581 ± 0.01	1.737GluTyr: 1.737 ± 0.016	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.386PheAla: 2.386 ± 0.021	0.774PheCys: 0.774 ± 0.012	2.067PheAsp: 2.067 ± 0.019	2.192PheGlu: 2.192 ± 0.021	1.499PhePhe: 1.499 ± 0.02	2.472PheGly: 2.472 ± 0.026	0.909PheHis: 0.909 ± 0.01	1.847PheIle: 1.847 ± 0.022	1.873PheLys: 1.873 ± 0.018	3.443PheLeu: 3.443 ± 0.027	0.903PheMet: 0.903 ± 0.013	1.692PheAsn: 1.692 ± 0.016	1.494PhePro: 1.494 ± 0.017	1.504PheGln: 1.504 ± 0.016	1.964PheArg: 1.964 ± 0.019	2.627PheSer: 2.627 ± 0.022	1.839PheThr: 1.839 ± 0.016	2.472PheVal: 2.472 ± 0.019	0.457PheTrp: 0.457 ± 0.01	1.313PheTyr: 1.313 ± 0.016	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.499GlyAla: 4.499 ± 0.034	1.102GlyCys: 1.102 ± 0.02	3.03GlyAsp: 3.03 ± 0.027	3.164GlyGlu: 3.164 ± 0.028	2.24GlyPhe: 2.24 ± 0.022	6.459GlyGly: 6.459 ± 0.09	1.697GlyHis: 1.697 ± 0.02	2.975GlyIle: 2.975 ± 0.026	3.141GlyLys: 3.141 ± 0.022	4.813GlyLeu: 4.813 ± 0.034	1.344GlyMet: 1.344 ± 0.016	2.99GlyAsn: 2.99 ± 0.03	2.492GlyPro: 2.492 ± 0.037	2.59GlyGln: 2.59 ± 0.023	3.092GlyArg: 3.092 ± 0.031	5.884GlySer: 5.884 ± 0.043	3.147GlyThr: 3.147 ± 0.025	3.634GlyVal: 3.634 ± 0.028	0.64GlyTrp: 0.64 ± 0.011	2.066GlyTyr: 2.066 ± 0.024	0.002GlyXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
His	1.55HisAla: 1.55 ± 0.017	0.601HisCys: 0.601 ± 0.013	1.096HisAsp: 1.096 ± 0.013	1.356HisGlu: 1.356 ± 0.017	1.055HisPhe: 1.055 ± 0.014	1.566HisGly: 1.566 ± 0.021	1.474HisHis: 1.474 ± 0.031	1.338HisIle: 1.338 ± 0.015	1.315HisLys: 1.315 ± 0.013	2.663HisLeu: 2.663 ± 0.021	0.73HisMet: 0.73 ± 0.01	1.172HisAsn: 1.172 ± 0.015	1.541HisPro: 1.541 ± 0.02	1.647HisGln: 1.647 ± 0.024	1.536HisArg: 1.536 ± 0.015	2.141HisSer: 2.141 ± 0.021	1.317HisThr: 1.317 ± 0.016	1.449HisVal: 1.449 ± 0.017	0.315HisTrp: 0.315 ± 0.007	0.884HisTyr: 0.884 ± 0.012	0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile	3.354IleAla: 3.354 ± 0.021	1.203IleCys: 1.203 ± 0.019	2.598IleAsp: 2.598 ± 0.023	2.988IleGlu: 2.988 ± 0.028	2.126IlePhe: 2.126 ± 0.019	2.69IleGly: 2.69 ± 0.025	1.138IleHis: 1.138 ± 0.013	2.575IleIle: 2.575 ± 0.025	2.781IleLys: 2.781 ± 0.025	4.441IleLeu: 4.441 ± 0.029	1.149IleMet: 1.149 ± 0.015	2.346IleAsn: 2.346 ± 0.02	2.408IlePro: 2.408 ± 0.02	1.99IleGln: 1.99 ± 0.017	2.65IleArg: 2.65 ± 0.021	4.048IleSer: 4.048 ± 0.029	2.731IleThr: 2.731 ± 0.023	3.147IleVal: 3.147 ± 0.024	0.574IleTrp: 0.574 ± 0.011	1.739IleTyr: 1.739 ± 0.015	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	3.591LysAla: 3.591 ± 0.031	1.129LysCys: 1.129 ± 0.022	2.911LysAsp: 2.911 ± 0.025	3.855LysGlu: 3.855 ± 0.035	1.879LysPhe: 1.879 ± 0.019	2.417LysGly: 2.417 ± 0.025	1.364LysHis: 1.364 ± 0.013	2.777LysIle: 2.777 ± 0.022	4.161LysLys: 4.161 ± 0.055	5.258LysLeu: 5.258 ± 0.033	1.46LysMet: 1.46 ± 0.016	2.382LysAsn: 2.382 ± 0.02	3.133LysPro: 3.133 ± 0.035	2.67LysGln: 2.67 ± 0.024	3.696LysArg: 3.696 ± 0.029	4.222LysSer: 4.222 ± 0.028	3.033LysThr: 3.033 ± 0.023	3.14LysVal: 3.14 ± 0.026	0.608LysTrp: 0.608 ± 0.009	1.748LysTyr: 1.748 ± 0.018	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.843LeuAla: 6.843 ± 0.04	1.729LeuCys: 1.729 ± 0.021	4.837LeuAsp: 4.837 ± 0.033	5.972LeuGlu: 5.972 ± 0.04	3.075LeuPhe: 3.075 ± 0.025	5.076LeuGly: 5.076 ± 0.036	2.505LeuHis: 2.505 ± 0.024	4.324LeuIle: 4.324 ± 0.031	5.389LeuLys: 5.389 ± 0.035	9.292LeuLeu: 9.292 ± 0.061	2.166LeuMet: 2.166 ± 0.021	4.197LeuAsn: 4.197 ± 0.028	5.178LeuPro: 5.178 ± 0.029	5.097LeuGln: 5.097 ± 0.041	5.614LeuArg: 5.614 ± 0.038	6.885LeuSer: 6.885 ± 0.038	4.74LeuThr: 4.74 ± 0.027	5.319LeuVal: 5.319 ± 0.034	0.915LeuTrp: 0.915 ± 0.012	2.509LeuTyr: 2.509 ± 0.023	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.94MetAla: 1.94 ± 0.019	0.444MetCys: 0.444 ± 0.009	1.414MetAsp: 1.414 ± 0.014	1.669MetGlu: 1.669 ± 0.017	0.828MetPhe: 0.828 ± 0.013	1.444MetGly: 1.444 ± 0.019	0.638MetHis: 0.638 ± 0.009	1.002MetIle: 1.002 ± 0.013	1.231MetLys: 1.231 ± 0.015	2.205MetLeu: 2.205 ± 0.018	0.672MetMet: 0.672 ± 0.012	0.973MetAsn: 0.973 ± 0.012	1.367MetPro: 1.367 ± 0.015	1.252MetGln: 1.252 ± 0.015	1.502MetArg: 1.502 ± 0.014	1.893MetSer: 1.893 ± 0.017	1.194MetThr: 1.194 ± 0.014	1.336MetVal: 1.336 ± 0.016	0.256MetTrp: 0.256 ± 0.006	0.64MetTyr: 0.64 ± 0.009	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.265AsnAla: 3.265 ± 0.029	0.991AsnCys: 0.991 ± 0.017	2.161AsnAsp: 2.161 ± 0.02	2.736AsnGlu: 2.736 ± 0.024	1.801AsnPhe: 1.801 ± 0.016	3.358AsnGly: 3.358 ± 0.032	1.132AsnHis: 1.132 ± 0.016	2.42AsnIle: 2.42 ± 0.02	2.279AsnLys: 2.279 ± 0.018	4.071AsnLeu: 4.071 ± 0.028	1.17AsnMet: 1.17 ± 0.015	2.841AsnAsn: 2.841 ± 0.037	2.381AsnPro: 2.381 ± 0.029	1.96AsnGln: 1.96 ± 0.019	2.361AsnArg: 2.361 ± 0.02	3.994AsnSer: 3.994 ± 0.034	2.333AsnThr: 2.333 ± 0.018	2.784AsnVal: 2.784 ± 0.021	0.533AsnTrp: 0.533 ± 0.009	1.565AsnTyr: 1.565 ± 0.016	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.424ProAla: 4.424 ± 0.041	0.791ProCys: 0.791 ± 0.04	2.435ProAsp: 2.435 ± 0.021	3.465ProGlu: 3.465 ± 0.036	1.662ProPhe: 1.662 ± 0.016	3.14ProGly: 3.14 ± 0.046	1.47ProHis: 1.47 ± 0.02	2.441ProIle: 2.441 ± 0.022	3.082ProLys: 3.082 ± 0.03	4.517ProLeu: 4.517 ± 0.03	1.154ProMet: 1.154 ± 0.015	2.402ProAsn: 2.402 ± 0.026	5.038ProPro: 5.038 ± 0.071	2.777ProGln: 2.777 ± 0.033	2.639ProArg: 2.639 ± 0.024	4.549ProSer: 4.549 ± 0.037	3.513ProThr: 3.513 ± 0.035	3.362ProVal: 3.362 ± 0.027	0.483ProTrp: 0.483 ± 0.008	1.429ProTyr: 1.429 ± 0.017	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.299GlnAla: 3.299 ± 0.027	0.849GlnCys: 0.849 ± 0.024	2.037GlnAsp: 2.037 ± 0.019	3.021GlnGlu: 3.021 ± 0.029	1.563GlnPhe: 1.563 ± 0.016	2.064GlnGly: 2.064 ± 0.021	1.828GlnHis: 1.828 ± 0.027	2.159GlnIle: 2.159 ± 0.019	2.654GlnLys: 2.654 ± 0.023	5.304GlnLeu: 5.304 ± 0.044	1.308GlnMet: 1.308 ± 0.017	2.082GlnAsn: 2.082 ± 0.021	2.849GlnPro: 2.849 ± 0.031	6.717GlnGln: 6.717 ± 0.139	3.347GlnArg: 3.347 ± 0.025	3.43GlnSer: 3.43 ± 0.025	2.419GlnThr: 2.419 ± 0.02	2.571GlnVal: 2.571 ± 0.022	0.454GlnTrp: 0.454 ± 0.009	1.263GlnTyr: 1.263 ± 0.014	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.258ArgAla: 3.258 ± 0.023	1.142ArgCys: 1.142 ± 0.021	2.834ArgAsp: 2.834 ± 0.025	3.542ArgGlu: 3.542 ± 0.031	2.08ArgPhe: 2.08 ± 0.021	2.846ArgGly: 2.846 ± 0.029	1.661ArgHis: 1.661 ± 0.017	2.904ArgIle: 2.904 ± 0.025	3.563ArgLys: 3.563 ± 0.029	5.308ArgLeu: 5.308 ± 0.034	1.337ArgMet: 1.337 ± 0.014	2.839ArgAsn: 2.839 ± 0.026	2.761ArgPro: 2.761 ± 0.027	2.987ArgGln: 2.987 ± 0.027	4.698ArgArg: 4.698 ± 0.044	4.633ArgSer: 4.633 ± 0.038	2.85ArgThr: 2.85 ± 0.02	2.894ArgVal: 2.894 ± 0.026	0.595ArgTrp: 0.595 ± 0.01	1.706ArgTyr: 1.706 ± 0.018	0.002ArgXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Ser	6.17SerAla: 6.17 ± 0.042	1.529SerCys: 1.529 ± 0.03	3.961SerAsp: 3.961 ± 0.028	4.478SerGlu: 4.478 ± 0.031	2.72SerPhe: 2.72 ± 0.021	5.972SerGly: 5.972 ± 0.042	1.992SerHis: 1.992 ± 0.021	3.659SerIle: 3.659 ± 0.025	4.136SerLys: 4.136 ± 0.028	6.954SerLeu: 6.954 ± 0.043	1.829SerMet: 1.829 ± 0.02	4.073SerAsn: 4.073 ± 0.036	4.656SerPro: 4.656 ± 0.046	3.504SerGln: 3.504 ± 0.029	4.098SerArg: 4.098 ± 0.028	10.089SerSer: 10.089 ± 0.088	5.229SerThr: 5.229 ± 0.041	4.578SerVal: 4.578 ± 0.028	0.795SerTrp: 0.795 ± 0.012	2.272SerTyr: 2.272 ± 0.021	0.002SerXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Thr	4.525ThrAla: 4.525 ± 0.032	1.036ThrCys: 1.036 ± 0.021	2.639ThrAsp: 2.639 ± 0.022	3.238ThrGlu: 3.238 ± 0.031	1.881ThrPhe: 1.881 ± 0.018	3.356ThrGly: 3.356 ± 0.028	1.326ThrHis: 1.326 ± 0.014	2.809ThrIle: 2.809 ± 0.022	2.835ThrLys: 2.835 ± 0.023	4.893ThrLeu: 4.893 ± 0.03	1.209ThrMet: 1.209 ± 0.014	2.467ThrAsn: 2.467 ± 0.022	3.843ThrPro: 3.843 ± 0.037	2.277ThrGln: 2.277 ± 0.02	2.569ThrArg: 2.569 ± 0.023	4.948ThrSer: 4.948 ± 0.038	4.746ThrThr: 4.746 ± 0.093	3.317ThrVal: 3.317 ± 0.025	0.525ThrTrp: 0.525 ± 0.01	1.539ThrTyr: 1.539 ± 0.015	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.777ValAla: 4.777 ± 0.031	1.257ValCys: 1.257 ± 0.022	3.239ValAsp: 3.239 ± 0.022	3.827ValGlu: 3.827 ± 0.035	2.21ValPhe: 2.21 ± 0.023	3.51ValGly: 3.51 ± 0.028	1.499ValHis: 1.499 ± 0.018	2.946ValIle: 2.946 ± 0.021	3.115ValLys: 3.115 ± 0.028	5.527ValLeu: 5.527 ± 0.036	1.36ValMet: 1.36 ± 0.015	2.563ValAsn: 2.563 ± 0.023	3.313ValPro: 3.313 ± 0.025	2.714ValGln: 2.714 ± 0.023	3.178ValArg: 3.178 ± 0.025	4.337ValSer: 4.337 ± 0.03	3.298ValThr: 3.298 ± 0.025	4.136ValVal: 4.136 ± 0.031	0.617ValTrp: 0.617 ± 0.01	1.737ValTyr: 1.737 ± 0.017	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.586TrpAla: 0.586 ± 0.009	0.203TrpCys: 0.203 ± 0.006	0.524TrpAsp: 0.524 ± 0.01	0.545TrpGlu: 0.545 ± 0.009	0.403TrpPhe: 0.403 ± 0.009	0.534TrpGly: 0.534 ± 0.011	0.302TrpHis: 0.302 ± 0.007	0.567TrpIle: 0.567 ± 0.009	0.586TrpLys: 0.586 ± 0.01	1.13TrpLeu: 1.13 ± 0.014	0.295TrpMet: 0.295 ± 0.006	0.503TrpAsn: 0.503 ± 0.009	0.451TrpPro: 0.451 ± 0.008	0.534TrpGln: 0.534 ± 0.01	0.727TrpArg: 0.727 ± 0.011	0.827TrpSer: 0.827 ± 0.011	0.568TrpThr: 0.568 ± 0.01	0.54TrpVal: 0.54 ± 0.01	0.177TrpTrp: 0.177 ± 0.006	0.322TrpTyr: 0.322 ± 0.007	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.997TyrAla: 1.997 ± 0.019	0.666TyrCys: 0.666 ± 0.011	1.701TyrAsp: 1.701 ± 0.016	1.825TyrGlu: 1.825 ± 0.017	1.315TyrPhe: 1.315 ± 0.016	1.941TyrGly: 1.941 ± 0.021	0.814TyrHis: 0.814 ± 0.01	1.454TyrIle: 1.454 ± 0.015	1.549TyrLys: 1.549 ± 0.016	2.735TyrLeu: 2.735 ± 0.025	0.787TyrMet: 0.787 ± 0.011	1.462TyrAsn: 1.462 ± 0.017	1.381TyrPro: 1.381 ± 0.017	1.339TyrGln: 1.339 ± 0.016	1.733TyrArg: 1.733 ± 0.018	2.157TyrSer: 2.157 ± 0.023	1.556TyrThr: 1.556 ± 0.02	1.833TyrVal: 1.833 ± 0.017	0.364TyrTrp: 0.364 ± 0.008	1.17TyrTyr: 1.17 ± 0.016	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.001XaaAla: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaGly: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLeu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaArg: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.002XaaSer: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	1.67XaaXaa: 1.67 ± 0.232

Statistics based on 16138 proteins (7110928 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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