Amino acid dipepetide frequency for gamma proteobacterium IMCC1989

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.499AlaAla: 7.499 ± 0.143	0.962AlaCys: 0.962 ± 0.031	4.708AlaAsp: 4.708 ± 0.089	5.413AlaGlu: 5.413 ± 0.094	3.116AlaPhe: 3.116 ± 0.07	5.45AlaGly: 5.45 ± 0.104	1.706AlaHis: 1.706 ± 0.045	6.37AlaIle: 6.37 ± 0.087	4.838AlaLys: 4.838 ± 0.103	9.216AlaLeu: 9.216 ± 0.117	2.288AlaMet: 2.288 ± 0.061	3.686AlaAsn: 3.686 ± 0.079	2.717AlaPro: 2.717 ± 0.068	3.349AlaGln: 3.349 ± 0.067	3.391AlaArg: 3.391 ± 0.074	5.529AlaSer: 5.529 ± 0.08	4.446AlaThr: 4.446 ± 0.072	5.74AlaVal: 5.74 ± 0.098	0.887AlaTrp: 0.887 ± 0.037	2.565AlaTyr: 2.565 ± 0.06	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	0.777CysAla: 0.777 ± 0.032	0.143CysCys: 0.143 ± 0.013	0.669CysAsp: 0.669 ± 0.03	0.608CysGlu: 0.608 ± 0.029	0.498CysPhe: 0.498 ± 0.029	0.817CysGly: 0.817 ± 0.037	0.343CysHis: 0.343 ± 0.021	0.636CysIle: 0.636 ± 0.028	0.444CysLys: 0.444 ± 0.022	1.086CysLeu: 1.086 ± 0.04	0.213CysMet: 0.213 ± 0.015	0.343CysAsn: 0.343 ± 0.021	0.439CysPro: 0.439 ± 0.025	0.423CysGln: 0.423 ± 0.026	0.486CysArg: 0.486 ± 0.025	0.681CysSer: 0.681 ± 0.028	0.426CysThr: 0.426 ± 0.022	0.7CysVal: 0.7 ± 0.029	0.132CysTrp: 0.132 ± 0.014	0.314CysTyr: 0.314 ± 0.019	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	4.627AspAla: 4.627 ± 0.084	0.607AspCys: 0.607 ± 0.028	3.599AspAsp: 3.599 ± 0.08	3.998AspGlu: 3.998 ± 0.074	2.35AspPhe: 2.35 ± 0.064	3.737AspGly: 3.737 ± 0.092	1.238AspHis: 1.238 ± 0.035	4.742AspIle: 4.742 ± 0.075	3.371AspLys: 3.371 ± 0.076	5.05AspLeu: 5.05 ± 0.083	1.406AspMet: 1.406 ± 0.042	2.864AspAsn: 2.864 ± 0.065	1.984AspPro: 1.984 ± 0.05	2.137AspGln: 2.137 ± 0.05	2.421AspArg: 2.421 ± 0.052	3.685AspSer: 3.685 ± 0.072	3.125AspThr: 3.125 ± 0.065	4.29AspVal: 4.29 ± 0.07	0.705AspTrp: 0.705 ± 0.028	2.04AspTyr: 2.04 ± 0.052	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.979GluAla: 4.979 ± 0.088	0.549GluCys: 0.549 ± 0.024	2.961GluAsp: 2.961 ± 0.067	4.13GluGlu: 4.13 ± 0.105	2.122GluPhe: 2.122 ± 0.048	3.778GluGly: 3.778 ± 0.078	1.393GluHis: 1.393 ± 0.038	3.926GluIle: 3.926 ± 0.07	4.819GluLys: 4.819 ± 0.085	6.396GluLeu: 6.396 ± 0.1	1.603GluMet: 1.603 ± 0.046	2.935GluAsn: 2.935 ± 0.061	1.856GluPro: 1.856 ± 0.052	3.408GluGln: 3.408 ± 0.071	3.174GluArg: 3.174 ± 0.063	4.11GluSer: 4.11 ± 0.076	3.208GluThr: 3.208 ± 0.069	4.132GluVal: 4.132 ± 0.076	0.766GluTrp: 0.766 ± 0.033	1.907GluTyr: 1.907 ± 0.056	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	3.007PheAla: 3.007 ± 0.07	0.531PheCys: 0.531 ± 0.026	2.549PheAsp: 2.549 ± 0.054	2.054PheGlu: 2.054 ± 0.048	1.941PhePhe: 1.941 ± 0.06	2.701PheGly: 2.701 ± 0.067	0.784PheHis: 0.784 ± 0.032	2.883PheIle: 2.883 ± 0.074	1.651PheLys: 1.651 ± 0.046	3.675PheLeu: 3.675 ± 0.081	0.893PheMet: 0.893 ± 0.037	1.801PheAsn: 1.801 ± 0.051	1.406PhePro: 1.406 ± 0.039	1.25PheGln: 1.25 ± 0.042	1.479PheArg: 1.479 ± 0.047	3.729PheSer: 3.729 ± 0.075	2.49PheThr: 2.49 ± 0.059	2.649PheVal: 2.649 ± 0.063	0.446PheTrp: 0.446 ± 0.026	1.342PheTyr: 1.342 ± 0.047	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	4.986GlyAla: 4.986 ± 0.099	0.782GlyCys: 0.782 ± 0.031	4.039GlyAsp: 4.039 ± 0.088	4.261GlyGlu: 4.261 ± 0.081	3.148GlyPhe: 3.148 ± 0.069	4.625GlyGly: 4.625 ± 0.099	1.507GlyHis: 1.507 ± 0.049	4.688GlyIle: 4.688 ± 0.084	3.726GlyLys: 3.726 ± 0.072	6.569GlyLeu: 6.569 ± 0.108	1.832GlyMet: 1.832 ± 0.049	2.666GlyAsn: 2.666 ± 0.077	1.352GlyPro: 1.352 ± 0.045	2.352GlyGln: 2.352 ± 0.057	2.919GlyArg: 2.919 ± 0.078	4.093GlySer: 4.093 ± 0.094	3.13GlyThr: 3.13 ± 0.062	5.236GlyVal: 5.236 ± 0.098	0.827GlyTrp: 0.827 ± 0.033	2.12GlyTyr: 2.12 ± 0.048	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.619HisAla: 1.619 ± 0.045	0.365HisCys: 0.365 ± 0.02	1.126HisAsp: 1.126 ± 0.037	1.099HisGlu: 1.099 ± 0.034	1.054HisPhe: 1.054 ± 0.036	1.447HisGly: 1.447 ± 0.047	0.789HisHis: 0.789 ± 0.038	1.706HisIle: 1.706 ± 0.051	1.122HisLys: 1.122 ± 0.038	2.342HisLeu: 2.342 ± 0.061	0.491HisMet: 0.491 ± 0.025	0.956HisAsn: 0.956 ± 0.034	1.186HisPro: 1.186 ± 0.038	1.247HisGln: 1.247 ± 0.044	1.152HisArg: 1.152 ± 0.039	1.609HisSer: 1.609 ± 0.048	1.219HisThr: 1.219 ± 0.042	1.283HisVal: 1.283 ± 0.04	0.306HisTrp: 0.306 ± 0.022	0.991HisTyr: 0.991 ± 0.037	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	6.591IleAla: 6.591 ± 0.085	0.635IleCys: 0.635 ± 0.029	5.013IleAsp: 5.013 ± 0.068	4.718IleGlu: 4.718 ± 0.088	2.403IlePhe: 2.403 ± 0.066	4.463IleGly: 4.463 ± 0.082	1.458IleHis: 1.458 ± 0.044	4.446IleIle: 4.446 ± 0.085	3.643IleLys: 3.643 ± 0.059	5.475IleLeu: 5.475 ± 0.085	1.316IleMet: 1.316 ± 0.037	3.695IleAsn: 3.695 ± 0.075	2.782IlePro: 2.782 ± 0.062	2.499IleGln: 2.499 ± 0.064	3.029IleArg: 3.029 ± 0.059	4.96IleSer: 4.96 ± 0.082	4.109IleThr: 4.109 ± 0.068	4.731IleVal: 4.731 ± 0.079	0.564IleTrp: 0.564 ± 0.028	1.937IleTyr: 1.937 ± 0.055	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.779LysAla: 4.779 ± 0.092	0.325LysCys: 0.325 ± 0.021	2.831LysAsp: 2.831 ± 0.069	3.62LysGlu: 3.62 ± 0.072	1.268LysPhe: 1.268 ± 0.044	3.279LysGly: 3.279 ± 0.071	1.268LysHis: 1.268 ± 0.044	3.415LysIle: 3.415 ± 0.066	4.376LysLys: 4.376 ± 0.103	4.686LysLeu: 4.686 ± 0.072	1.448LysMet: 1.448 ± 0.051	3.036LysAsn: 3.036 ± 0.069	2.374LysPro: 2.374 ± 0.059	2.957LysGln: 2.957 ± 0.066	2.798LysArg: 2.798 ± 0.064	3.467LysSer: 3.467 ± 0.083	3.454LysThr: 3.454 ± 0.07	3.683LysVal: 3.683 ± 0.068	0.507LysTrp: 0.507 ± 0.026	1.35LysTyr: 1.35 ± 0.046	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	9.08LeuAla: 9.08 ± 0.123	1.073LeuCys: 1.073 ± 0.033	5.607LeuAsp: 5.607 ± 0.091	5.617LeuGlu: 5.617 ± 0.09	4.089LeuPhe: 4.089 ± 0.087	6.436LeuGly: 6.436 ± 0.104	2.23LeuHis: 2.23 ± 0.048	6.198LeuIle: 6.198 ± 0.094	4.796LeuLys: 4.796 ± 0.082	10.977LeuLeu: 10.977 ± 0.17	2.451LeuMet: 2.451 ± 0.065	4.25LeuAsn: 4.25 ± 0.077	4.593LeuPro: 4.593 ± 0.083	4.27LeuGln: 4.27 ± 0.077	4.596LeuArg: 4.596 ± 0.083	8.666LeuSer: 8.666 ± 0.115	5.721LeuThr: 5.721 ± 0.084	6.439LeuVal: 6.439 ± 0.099	1.115LeuTrp: 1.115 ± 0.037	2.599LeuTyr: 2.599 ± 0.059	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	2.18MetAla: 2.18 ± 0.056	0.203MetCys: 0.203 ± 0.015	1.249MetAsp: 1.249 ± 0.041	1.223MetGlu: 1.223 ± 0.043	0.781MetPhe: 0.781 ± 0.032	1.74MetGly: 1.74 ± 0.058	0.5MetHis: 0.5 ± 0.025	1.5MetIle: 1.5 ± 0.046	1.358MetLys: 1.358 ± 0.04	2.295MetLeu: 2.295 ± 0.051	0.67MetMet: 0.67 ± 0.032	1.118MetAsn: 1.118 ± 0.042	1.178MetPro: 1.178 ± 0.036	1.039MetGln: 1.039 ± 0.036	1.113MetArg: 1.113 ± 0.041	2.04MetSer: 2.04 ± 0.051	1.483MetThr: 1.483 ± 0.041	1.657MetVal: 1.657 ± 0.05	0.19MetTrp: 0.19 ± 0.015	0.482MetTyr: 0.482 ± 0.023	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.65AsnAla: 3.65 ± 0.07	0.399AsnCys: 0.399 ± 0.025	2.788AsnAsp: 2.788 ± 0.066	2.626AsnGlu: 2.626 ± 0.062	1.485AsnPhe: 1.485 ± 0.045	3.103AsnGly: 3.103 ± 0.092	1.026AsnHis: 1.026 ± 0.038	3.47AsnIle: 3.47 ± 0.069	2.731AsnLys: 2.731 ± 0.073	3.554AsnLeu: 3.554 ± 0.073	0.986AsnMet: 0.986 ± 0.037	2.731AsnAsn: 2.731 ± 0.085	2.035AsnPro: 2.035 ± 0.052	1.953AsnGln: 1.953 ± 0.068	1.916AsnArg: 1.916 ± 0.053	2.984AsnSer: 2.984 ± 0.068	3.108AsnThr: 3.108 ± 0.074	2.923AsnVal: 2.923 ± 0.054	0.437AsnTrp: 0.437 ± 0.022	1.36AsnTyr: 1.36 ± 0.043	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.055ProAla: 3.055 ± 0.068	0.288ProCys: 0.288 ± 0.018	2.193ProAsp: 2.193 ± 0.057	2.994ProGlu: 2.994 ± 0.062	1.591ProPhe: 1.591 ± 0.052	1.79ProGly: 1.79 ± 0.047	0.933ProHis: 0.933 ± 0.036	2.616ProIle: 2.616 ± 0.06	2.037ProLys: 2.037 ± 0.051	4.081ProLeu: 4.081 ± 0.08	0.882ProMet: 0.882 ± 0.031	1.751ProAsn: 1.751 ± 0.055	1.301ProPro: 1.301 ± 0.045	1.537ProGln: 1.537 ± 0.042	1.342ProArg: 1.342 ± 0.04	2.832ProSer: 2.832 ± 0.063	2.166ProThr: 2.166 ± 0.053	2.935ProVal: 2.935 ± 0.066	0.464ProTrp: 0.464 ± 0.024	1.212ProTyr: 1.212 ± 0.039	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	4.128GlnAla: 4.128 ± 0.078	0.462GlnCys: 0.462 ± 0.024	1.836GlnAsp: 1.836 ± 0.052	2.61GlnGlu: 2.61 ± 0.059	1.627GlnPhe: 1.627 ± 0.042	2.582GlnGly: 2.582 ± 0.049	1.29GlnHis: 1.29 ± 0.041	2.168GlnIle: 2.168 ± 0.059	2.551GlnLys: 2.551 ± 0.061	5.112GlnLeu: 5.112 ± 0.086	0.935GlnMet: 0.935 ± 0.033	1.495GlnAsn: 1.495 ± 0.039	1.557GlnPro: 1.557 ± 0.044	3.547GlnGln: 3.547 ± 0.084	2.593GlnArg: 2.593 ± 0.06	2.767GlnSer: 2.767 ± 0.063	2.153GlnThr: 2.153 ± 0.055	2.827GlnVal: 2.827 ± 0.062	0.759GlnTrp: 0.759 ± 0.035	1.415GlnTyr: 1.415 ± 0.044	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.24ArgAla: 3.24 ± 0.057	0.524ArgCys: 0.524 ± 0.025	2.352ArgAsp: 2.352 ± 0.057	2.942ArgGlu: 2.942 ± 0.056	2.2ArgPhe: 2.2 ± 0.051	2.575ArgGly: 2.575 ± 0.056	1.158ArgHis: 1.158 ± 0.04	3.179ArgIle: 3.179 ± 0.062	2.355ArgLys: 2.355 ± 0.055	5.248ArgLeu: 5.248 ± 0.099	1.113ArgMet: 1.113 ± 0.04	1.82ArgAsn: 1.82 ± 0.049	1.549ArgPro: 1.549 ± 0.034	2.334ArgGln: 2.334 ± 0.06	2.389ArgArg: 2.389 ± 0.069	2.697ArgSer: 2.697 ± 0.058	2.089ArgThr: 2.089 ± 0.054	3.023ArgVal: 3.023 ± 0.055	0.667ArgTrp: 0.667 ± 0.029	1.818ArgTyr: 1.818 ± 0.052	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.903SerAla: 5.903 ± 0.091	0.632SerCys: 0.632 ± 0.03	4.182SerAsp: 4.182 ± 0.077	4.158SerGlu: 4.158 ± 0.082	2.782SerPhe: 2.782 ± 0.07	5.045SerGly: 5.045 ± 0.082	1.756SerHis: 1.756 ± 0.048	4.926SerIle: 4.926 ± 0.079	3.24SerLys: 3.24 ± 0.069	7.391SerLeu: 7.391 ± 0.099	1.667SerMet: 1.667 ± 0.05	3.022SerAsn: 3.022 ± 0.071	2.905SerPro: 2.905 ± 0.059	3.043SerGln: 3.043 ± 0.063	3.028SerArg: 3.028 ± 0.066	5.425SerSer: 5.425 ± 0.115	4.082SerThr: 4.082 ± 0.083	5.008SerVal: 5.008 ± 0.088	0.727SerTrp: 0.727 ± 0.032	2.105SerTyr: 2.105 ± 0.056	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	4.838ThrAla: 4.838 ± 0.089	0.435ThrCys: 0.435 ± 0.023	3.112ThrAsp: 3.112 ± 0.064	3.356ThrGlu: 3.356 ± 0.075	2.002ThrPhe: 2.002 ± 0.046	3.772ThrGly: 3.772 ± 0.084	1.358ThrHis: 1.358 ± 0.045	3.922ThrIle: 3.922 ± 0.08	2.426ThrLys: 2.426 ± 0.062	6.345ThrLeu: 6.345 ± 0.091	1.102ThrMet: 1.102 ± 0.034	2.239ThrAsn: 2.239 ± 0.063	2.75ThrPro: 2.75 ± 0.063	2.55ThrGln: 2.55 ± 0.052	2.244ThrArg: 2.244 ± 0.051	3.655ThrSer: 3.655 ± 0.073	3.32ThrThr: 3.32 ± 0.081	4.032ThrVal: 4.032 ± 0.08	0.511ThrTrp: 0.511 ± 0.026	1.61ThrTyr: 1.61 ± 0.063	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	5.89ValAla: 5.89 ± 0.095	0.708ValCys: 0.708 ± 0.028	4.735ValAsp: 4.735 ± 0.081	4.518ValGlu: 4.518 ± 0.077	2.845ValPhe: 2.845 ± 0.074	4.658ValGly: 4.658 ± 0.093	1.252ValHis: 1.252 ± 0.041	5.172ValIle: 5.172 ± 0.088	3.552ValLys: 3.552 ± 0.073	6.687ValLeu: 6.687 ± 0.106	1.871ValMet: 1.871 ± 0.055	3.28ValAsn: 3.28 ± 0.068	2.353ValPro: 2.353 ± 0.059	2.095ValGln: 2.095 ± 0.049	2.832ValArg: 2.832 ± 0.066	5.21ValSer: 5.21 ± 0.085	3.81ValThr: 3.81 ± 0.079	5.363ValVal: 5.363 ± 0.107	0.627ValTrp: 0.627 ± 0.03	1.831ValTyr: 1.831 ± 0.048	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.79TrpAla: 0.79 ± 0.031	0.142TrpCys: 0.142 ± 0.012	0.561TrpAsp: 0.561 ± 0.031	0.619TrpGlu: 0.619 ± 0.031	0.544TrpPhe: 0.544 ± 0.029	0.707TrpGly: 0.707 ± 0.031	0.279TrpHis: 0.279 ± 0.019	0.658TrpIle: 0.658 ± 0.027	0.511TrpLys: 0.511 ± 0.028	1.507TrpLeu: 1.507 ± 0.051	0.29TrpMet: 0.29 ± 0.02	0.415TrpAsn: 0.415 ± 0.023	0.431TrpPro: 0.431 ± 0.025	0.732TrpGln: 0.732 ± 0.029	0.607TrpArg: 0.607 ± 0.031	0.733TrpSer: 0.733 ± 0.034	0.411TrpThr: 0.411 ± 0.025	0.821TrpVal: 0.821 ± 0.033	0.148TrpTrp: 0.148 ± 0.014	0.314TrpTyr: 0.314 ± 0.022	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.256TyrAla: 2.256 ± 0.055	0.412TyrCys: 0.412 ± 0.02	1.866TyrAsp: 1.866 ± 0.091	1.589TyrGlu: 1.589 ± 0.048	1.414TyrPhe: 1.414 ± 0.043	2.153TyrGly: 2.153 ± 0.056	0.842TyrHis: 0.842 ± 0.033	1.844TyrIle: 1.844 ± 0.047	1.374TyrLys: 1.374 ± 0.039	3.112TyrLeu: 3.112 ± 0.061	0.538TyrMet: 0.538 ± 0.027	1.164TyrAsn: 1.164 ± 0.056	1.252TyrPro: 1.252 ± 0.043	1.693TyrGln: 1.693 ± 0.045	1.763TyrArg: 1.763 ± 0.054	2.154TyrSer: 2.154 ± 0.049	1.63TyrThr: 1.63 ± 0.052	1.82TyrVal: 1.82 ± 0.048	0.435TyrTrp: 0.435 ± 0.022	1.024TyrTyr: 1.024 ± 0.039	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 2844 proteins (816074 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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