Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila guanche (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	10.808AlaAla: 10.808 ± 0.101	1.206AlaCys: 1.206 ± 0.025	3.437AlaAsp: 3.437 ± 0.021	4.651AlaGlu: 4.651 ± 0.034	2.122AlaPhe: 2.122 ± 0.016	5.209AlaGly: 5.209 ± 0.039	1.751AlaHis: 1.751 ± 0.014	3.335AlaIle: 3.335 ± 0.025	4.019AlaLys: 4.019 ± 0.03	6.384AlaLeu: 6.384 ± 0.036	1.776AlaMet: 1.776 ± 0.016	3.252AlaAsn: 3.252 ± 0.019	4.393AlaPro: 4.393 ± 0.039	3.401AlaGln: 3.401 ± 0.025	3.344AlaArg: 3.344 ± 0.023	6.564AlaSer: 6.564 ± 0.042	5.427AlaThr: 5.427 ± 0.035	4.694AlaVal: 4.694 ± 0.025	0.595AlaTrp: 0.595 ± 0.009	1.741AlaTyr: 1.741 ± 0.017	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.212CysAla: 1.212 ± 0.017	0.497CysCys: 0.497 ± 0.009	1.08CysAsp: 1.08 ± 0.018	1.126CysGlu: 1.126 ± 0.019	0.699CysPhe: 0.699 ± 0.009	1.368CysGly: 1.368 ± 0.03	0.542CysHis: 0.542 ± 0.01	0.972CysIle: 0.972 ± 0.018	0.955CysLys: 0.955 ± 0.017	1.808CysLeu: 1.808 ± 0.025	0.396CysMet: 0.396 ± 0.007	0.871CysAsn: 0.871 ± 0.015	1.034CysPro: 1.034 ± 0.027	0.869CysGln: 0.869 ± 0.021	1.153CysArg: 1.153 ± 0.034	1.638CysSer: 1.638 ± 0.026	1.003CysThr: 1.003 ± 0.016	1.178CysVal: 1.178 ± 0.024	0.19CysTrp: 0.19 ± 0.005	0.536CysTyr: 0.536 ± 0.011	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.657AspAla: 3.657 ± 0.022	1.005AspCys: 1.005 ± 0.018	3.804AspAsp: 3.804 ± 0.036	4.219AspGlu: 4.219 ± 0.032	2.06AspPhe: 2.06 ± 0.017	3.248AspGly: 3.248 ± 0.034	1.046AspHis: 1.046 ± 0.012	2.75AspIle: 2.75 ± 0.019	2.637AspLys: 2.637 ± 0.036	4.574AspLeu: 4.574 ± 0.031	1.286AspMet: 1.286 ± 0.013	2.223AspAsn: 2.223 ± 0.02	2.393AspPro: 2.393 ± 0.034	1.82AspGln: 1.82 ± 0.016	2.364AspArg: 2.364 ± 0.023	3.91AspSer: 3.91 ± 0.029	2.518AspThr: 2.518 ± 0.018	3.278AspVal: 3.278 ± 0.02	0.601AspTrp: 0.601 ± 0.009	1.751AspTyr: 1.751 ± 0.016	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	4.698GluAla: 4.698 ± 0.032	1.189GluCys: 1.189 ± 0.033	3.904GluAsp: 3.904 ± 0.031	5.886GluGlu: 5.886 ± 0.058	2.037GluPhe: 2.037 ± 0.018	2.88GluGly: 2.88 ± 0.025	1.669GluHis: 1.669 ± 0.015	3.076GluIle: 3.076 ± 0.025	3.919GluLys: 3.919 ± 0.042	6.172GluLeu: 6.172 ± 0.043	1.525GluMet: 1.525 ± 0.014	2.744GluAsn: 2.744 ± 0.02	2.989GluPro: 2.989 ± 0.034	3.73GluGln: 3.73 ± 0.032	3.979GluArg: 3.979 ± 0.03	4.312GluSer: 4.312 ± 0.03	3.398GluThr: 3.398 ± 0.028	3.407GluVal: 3.407 ± 0.032	0.572GluTrp: 0.572 ± 0.009	1.77GluTyr: 1.77 ± 0.019	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.209PheAla: 2.209 ± 0.018	0.747PheCys: 0.747 ± 0.01	2.006PheAsp: 2.006 ± 0.02	2.064PheGlu: 2.064 ± 0.016	1.368PhePhe: 1.368 ± 0.014	2.349PheGly: 2.349 ± 0.021	0.858PheHis: 0.858 ± 0.011	1.694PheIle: 1.694 ± 0.016	1.767PheLys: 1.767 ± 0.014	3.163PheLeu: 3.163 ± 0.027	0.873PheMet: 0.873 ± 0.009	1.604PheAsn: 1.604 ± 0.015	1.397PhePro: 1.397 ± 0.014	1.401PheGln: 1.401 ± 0.013	1.863PheArg: 1.863 ± 0.019	2.484PheSer: 2.484 ± 0.016	1.751PheThr: 1.751 ± 0.014	2.313PheVal: 2.313 ± 0.018	0.41PheTrp: 0.41 ± 0.006	1.229PheTyr: 1.229 ± 0.016	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	4.792GlyAla: 4.792 ± 0.034	1.07GlyCys: 1.07 ± 0.02	2.971GlyAsp: 2.971 ± 0.022	3.212GlyGlu: 3.212 ± 0.027	2.078GlyPhe: 2.078 ± 0.02	7.021GlyGly: 7.021 ± 0.107	1.729GlyHis: 1.729 ± 0.017	2.812GlyIle: 2.812 ± 0.021	3.03GlyLys: 3.03 ± 0.027	4.684GlyLeu: 4.684 ± 0.027	1.398GlyMet: 1.398 ± 0.015	2.997GlyAsn: 2.997 ± 0.025	2.604GlyPro: 2.604 ± 0.031	2.705GlyGln: 2.705 ± 0.026	3.051GlyArg: 3.051 ± 0.023	6.07GlySer: 6.07 ± 0.045	3.364GlyThr: 3.364 ± 0.024	3.59GlyVal: 3.59 ± 0.025	0.591GlyTrp: 0.591 ± 0.007	2.023GlyTyr: 2.023 ± 0.021	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.662HisAla: 1.662 ± 0.013	0.591HisCys: 0.591 ± 0.01	1.078HisAsp: 1.078 ± 0.011	1.423HisGlu: 1.423 ± 0.013	1.007HisPhe: 1.007 ± 0.01	1.618HisGly: 1.618 ± 0.017	1.539HisHis: 1.539 ± 0.029	1.338HisIle: 1.338 ± 0.011	1.338HisLys: 1.338 ± 0.013	2.547HisLeu: 2.547 ± 0.021	0.743HisMet: 0.743 ± 0.01	1.243HisAsn: 1.243 ± 0.013	1.472HisPro: 1.472 ± 0.015	1.798HisGln: 1.798 ± 0.024	1.489HisArg: 1.489 ± 0.012	2.335HisSer: 2.335 ± 0.022	1.423HisThr: 1.423 ± 0.012	1.478HisVal: 1.478 ± 0.01	0.301HisTrp: 0.301 ± 0.006	0.874HisTyr: 0.874 ± 0.01	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.261IleAla: 3.261 ± 0.021	1.129IleCys: 1.129 ± 0.016	2.641IleAsp: 2.641 ± 0.019	3.033IleGlu: 3.033 ± 0.028	1.971IlePhe: 1.971 ± 0.018	2.577IleGly: 2.577 ± 0.018	1.1IleHis: 1.1 ± 0.011	2.559IleIle: 2.559 ± 0.021	2.717IleLys: 2.717 ± 0.023	4.071IleLeu: 4.071 ± 0.029	1.115IleMet: 1.115 ± 0.012	2.347IleAsn: 2.347 ± 0.021	2.261IlePro: 2.261 ± 0.019	1.917IleGln: 1.917 ± 0.017	2.387IleArg: 2.387 ± 0.016	3.924IleSer: 3.924 ± 0.022	2.688IleThr: 2.688 ± 0.024	3.125IleVal: 3.125 ± 0.024	0.51IleTrp: 0.51 ± 0.008	1.624IleTyr: 1.624 ± 0.015	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.523LysAla: 3.523 ± 0.028	1.113LysCys: 1.113 ± 0.018	2.777LysAsp: 2.777 ± 0.032	3.763LysGlu: 3.763 ± 0.034	1.809LysPhe: 1.809 ± 0.015	2.299LysGly: 2.299 ± 0.021	1.365LysHis: 1.365 ± 0.013	2.663LysIle: 2.663 ± 0.022	3.867LysLys: 3.867 ± 0.04	5.086LysLeu: 5.086 ± 0.029	1.397LysMet: 1.397 ± 0.013	2.281LysAsn: 2.281 ± 0.018	3.152LysPro: 3.152 ± 0.063	2.759LysGln: 2.759 ± 0.023	3.626LysArg: 3.626 ± 0.025	4.138LysSer: 4.138 ± 0.031	2.961LysThr: 2.961 ± 0.023	2.945LysVal: 2.945 ± 0.025	0.587LysTrp: 0.587 ± 0.011	1.701LysTyr: 1.701 ± 0.017	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.633LeuAla: 6.633 ± 0.037	1.761LeuCys: 1.761 ± 0.019	4.7LeuAsp: 4.7 ± 0.027	5.959LeuGlu: 5.959 ± 0.044	2.878LeuPhe: 2.878 ± 0.025	4.83LeuGly: 4.83 ± 0.031	2.526LeuHis: 2.526 ± 0.019	4.055LeuIle: 4.055 ± 0.026	5.242LeuLys: 5.242 ± 0.038	9.219LeuLeu: 9.219 ± 0.062	2.143LeuMet: 2.143 ± 0.018	4.146LeuAsn: 4.146 ± 0.027	5.218LeuPro: 5.218 ± 0.027	5.272LeuGln: 5.272 ± 0.043	5.4LeuArg: 5.4 ± 0.034	6.922LeuSer: 6.922 ± 0.03	4.676LeuThr: 4.676 ± 0.026	4.978LeuVal: 4.978 ± 0.03	0.864LeuTrp: 0.864 ± 0.01	2.442LeuTyr: 2.442 ± 0.019	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.9MetAla: 1.9 ± 0.014	0.426MetCys: 0.426 ± 0.007	1.382MetAsp: 1.382 ± 0.014	1.614MetGlu: 1.614 ± 0.014	0.757MetPhe: 0.757 ± 0.009	1.439MetGly: 1.439 ± 0.014	0.655MetHis: 0.655 ± 0.008	0.936MetIle: 0.936 ± 0.01	1.173MetLys: 1.173 ± 0.011	2.235MetLeu: 2.235 ± 0.02	0.642MetMet: 0.642 ± 0.011	0.969MetAsn: 0.969 ± 0.012	1.476MetPro: 1.476 ± 0.019	1.34MetGln: 1.34 ± 0.013	1.448MetArg: 1.448 ± 0.013	1.875MetSer: 1.875 ± 0.017	1.156MetThr: 1.156 ± 0.011	1.25MetVal: 1.25 ± 0.012	0.229MetTrp: 0.229 ± 0.005	0.643MetTyr: 0.643 ± 0.009	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.439AsnAla: 3.439 ± 0.027	0.964AsnCys: 0.964 ± 0.015	2.242AsnAsp: 2.242 ± 0.02	2.793AsnGlu: 2.793 ± 0.02	1.689AsnPhe: 1.689 ± 0.013	3.55AsnGly: 3.55 ± 0.031	1.1AsnHis: 1.1 ± 0.012	2.428AsnIle: 2.428 ± 0.017	2.226AsnLys: 2.226 ± 0.02	3.865AsnLeu: 3.865 ± 0.027	1.13AsnMet: 1.13 ± 0.011	3.028AsnAsn: 3.028 ± 0.034	2.182AsnPro: 2.182 ± 0.022	1.877AsnGln: 1.877 ± 0.014	2.234AsnArg: 2.234 ± 0.016	4.09AsnSer: 4.09 ± 0.032	2.374AsnThr: 2.374 ± 0.019	2.857AsnVal: 2.857 ± 0.018	0.488AsnTrp: 0.488 ± 0.007	1.46AsnTyr: 1.46 ± 0.014	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	4.649ProAla: 4.649 ± 0.038	0.792ProCys: 0.792 ± 0.037	2.382ProAsp: 2.382 ± 0.018	3.505ProGlu: 3.505 ± 0.037	1.618ProPhe: 1.618 ± 0.016	3.139ProGly: 3.139 ± 0.042	1.556ProHis: 1.556 ± 0.016	2.431ProIle: 2.431 ± 0.025	3.033ProLys: 3.033 ± 0.033	4.624ProLeu: 4.624 ± 0.027	1.211ProMet: 1.211 ± 0.017	2.402ProAsn: 2.402 ± 0.02	5.352ProPro: 5.352 ± 0.068	3.144ProGln: 3.144 ± 0.031	2.64ProArg: 2.64 ± 0.024	4.719ProSer: 4.719 ± 0.041	3.757ProThr: 3.757 ± 0.037	3.31ProVal: 3.31 ± 0.027	0.434ProTrp: 0.434 ± 0.007	1.414ProTyr: 1.414 ± 0.015	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	3.504GlnAla: 3.504 ± 0.028	0.877GlnCys: 0.877 ± 0.021	1.859GlnAsp: 1.859 ± 0.015	3.017GlnGlu: 3.017 ± 0.028	1.49GlnPhe: 1.49 ± 0.015	2.108GlnGly: 2.108 ± 0.018	2.062GlnHis: 2.062 ± 0.024	2.099GlnIle: 2.099 ± 0.016	2.547GlnLys: 2.547 ± 0.021	5.435GlnLeu: 5.435 ± 0.046	1.322GlnMet: 1.322 ± 0.014	2.037GlnAsn: 2.037 ± 0.017	3.234GlnPro: 3.234 ± 0.032	9.146GlnGln: 9.146 ± 0.184	3.473GlnArg: 3.473 ± 0.027	3.689GlnSer: 3.689 ± 0.028	2.625GlnThr: 2.625 ± 0.019	2.414GlnVal: 2.414 ± 0.016	0.448GlnTrp: 0.448 ± 0.007	1.268GlnTyr: 1.268 ± 0.011	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.351ArgAla: 3.351 ± 0.021	1.137ArgCys: 1.137 ± 0.021	2.781ArgAsp: 2.781 ± 0.022	3.579ArgGlu: 3.579 ± 0.029	1.919ArgPhe: 1.919 ± 0.016	2.811ArgGly: 2.811 ± 0.024	1.661ArgHis: 1.661 ± 0.014	2.649ArgIle: 2.649 ± 0.017	3.399ArgLys: 3.399 ± 0.021	5.115ArgLeu: 5.115 ± 0.032	1.239ArgMet: 1.239 ± 0.012	2.649ArgAsn: 2.649 ± 0.019	2.83ArgPro: 2.83 ± 0.035	2.937ArgGln: 2.937 ± 0.02	4.387ArgArg: 4.387 ± 0.033	4.464ArgSer: 4.464 ± 0.03	2.827ArgThr: 2.827 ± 0.019	2.911ArgVal: 2.911 ± 0.02	0.561ArgTrp: 0.561 ± 0.009	1.632ArgTyr: 1.632 ± 0.014	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.378SerAla: 6.378 ± 0.042	1.516SerCys: 1.516 ± 0.025	4.051SerAsp: 4.051 ± 0.032	4.449SerGlu: 4.449 ± 0.027	2.603SerPhe: 2.603 ± 0.018	5.945SerGly: 5.945 ± 0.037	2.137SerHis: 2.137 ± 0.019	3.703SerIle: 3.703 ± 0.024	3.953SerLys: 3.953 ± 0.025	6.902SerLeu: 6.902 ± 0.033	1.833SerMet: 1.833 ± 0.016	4.255SerAsn: 4.255 ± 0.027	4.861SerPro: 4.861 ± 0.046	3.596SerGln: 3.596 ± 0.027	3.974SerArg: 3.974 ± 0.026	10.868SerSer: 10.868 ± 0.103	5.554SerThr: 5.554 ± 0.043	4.709SerVal: 4.709 ± 0.031	0.725SerTrp: 0.725 ± 0.01	2.267SerTyr: 2.267 ± 0.021	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	5.112ThrAla: 5.112 ± 0.034	1.039ThrCys: 1.039 ± 0.018	2.708ThrAsp: 2.708 ± 0.024	3.401ThrGlu: 3.401 ± 0.027	1.826ThrPhe: 1.826 ± 0.016	3.506ThrGly: 3.506 ± 0.027	1.396ThrHis: 1.396 ± 0.012	2.79ThrIle: 2.79 ± 0.022	2.829ThrLys: 2.829 ± 0.021	5.017ThrLeu: 5.017 ± 0.028	1.209ThrMet: 1.209 ± 0.012	2.499ThrAsn: 2.499 ± 0.016	4.112ThrPro: 4.112 ± 0.037	2.43ThrGln: 2.43 ± 0.02	2.627ThrArg: 2.627 ± 0.022	5.021ThrSer: 5.021 ± 0.031	5.271ThrThr: 5.271 ± 0.086	3.482ThrVal: 3.482 ± 0.026	0.505ThrTrp: 0.505 ± 0.008	1.456ThrTyr: 1.456 ± 0.016	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.839ValAla: 4.839 ± 0.03	1.238ValCys: 1.238 ± 0.019	3.161ValAsp: 3.161 ± 0.02	3.841ValGlu: 3.841 ± 0.04	2.014ValPhe: 2.014 ± 0.017	3.524ValGly: 3.524 ± 0.025	1.493ValHis: 1.493 ± 0.013	2.746ValIle: 2.746 ± 0.02	3.068ValLys: 3.068 ± 0.026	5.281ValLeu: 5.281 ± 0.034	1.296ValMet: 1.296 ± 0.013	2.549ValAsn: 2.549 ± 0.02	3.435ValPro: 3.435 ± 0.031	2.664ValGln: 2.664 ± 0.017	3.092ValArg: 3.092 ± 0.021	4.364ValSer: 4.364 ± 0.023	3.291ValThr: 3.291 ± 0.027	3.933ValVal: 3.933 ± 0.026	0.592ValTrp: 0.592 ± 0.008	1.704ValTyr: 1.704 ± 0.017	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.535TrpAla: 0.535 ± 0.007	0.19TrpCys: 0.19 ± 0.004	0.492TrpAsp: 0.492 ± 0.009	0.53TrpGlu: 0.53 ± 0.008	0.379TrpPhe: 0.379 ± 0.007	0.498TrpGly: 0.498 ± 0.009	0.295TrpHis: 0.295 ± 0.006	0.506TrpIle: 0.506 ± 0.008	0.548TrpLys: 0.548 ± 0.009	1.084TrpLeu: 1.084 ± 0.013	0.274TrpMet: 0.274 ± 0.006	0.48TrpAsn: 0.48 ± 0.008	0.404TrpPro: 0.404 ± 0.007	0.52TrpGln: 0.52 ± 0.008	0.648TrpArg: 0.648 ± 0.008	0.776TrpSer: 0.776 ± 0.01	0.555TrpThr: 0.555 ± 0.008	0.518TrpVal: 0.518 ± 0.008	0.159TrpTrp: 0.159 ± 0.005	0.317TrpTyr: 0.317 ± 0.007	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.948TyrAla: 1.948 ± 0.018	0.643TyrCys: 0.643 ± 0.01	1.687TyrAsp: 1.687 ± 0.016	1.791TyrGlu: 1.791 ± 0.016	1.225TyrPhe: 1.225 ± 0.012	1.874TyrGly: 1.874 ± 0.019	0.818TyrHis: 0.818 ± 0.009	1.417TyrIle: 1.417 ± 0.014	1.545TyrLys: 1.545 ± 0.014	2.598TyrLeu: 2.598 ± 0.02	0.737TyrMet: 0.737 ± 0.01	1.438TyrAsn: 1.438 ± 0.015	1.312TyrPro: 1.312 ± 0.015	1.329TyrGln: 1.329 ± 0.014	1.661TyrArg: 1.661 ± 0.015	2.114TyrSer: 2.114 ± 0.019	1.616TyrThr: 1.616 ± 0.018	1.754TyrVal: 1.754 ± 0.015	0.344TyrTrp: 0.344 ± 0.008	1.098TyrTyr: 1.098 ± 0.011	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.009XaaXaa: 0.009 ± 0.004

Statistics based on 17569 proteins (10893509 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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