Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Gasterosteus aculeatus (Three-spined stickleback)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.129AlaAla: 7.129 ± 0.041	1.431AlaCys: 1.431 ± 0.014	3.462AlaAsp: 3.462 ± 0.017	4.863AlaGlu: 4.863 ± 0.027	2.602AlaPhe: 2.602 ± 0.014	4.977AlaGly: 4.977 ± 0.031	1.603AlaHis: 1.603 ± 0.014	2.757AlaIle: 2.757 ± 0.018	3.464AlaLys: 3.464 ± 0.021	6.822AlaLeu: 6.822 ± 0.033	1.68AlaMet: 1.68 ± 0.012	2.235AlaAsn: 2.235 ± 0.015	3.657AlaPro: 3.657 ± 0.025	2.902AlaGln: 2.902 ± 0.02	3.484AlaArg: 3.484 ± 0.02	5.629AlaSer: 5.629 ± 0.024	3.537AlaThr: 3.537 ± 0.019	5.418AlaVal: 5.418 ± 0.027	0.713AlaTrp: 0.713 ± 0.007	1.601AlaTyr: 1.601 ± 0.013	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.328CysAla: 1.328 ± 0.013	0.678CysCys: 0.678 ± 0.01	1.195CysAsp: 1.195 ± 0.015	1.258CysGlu: 1.258 ± 0.014	0.939CysPhe: 0.939 ± 0.009	1.637CysGly: 1.637 ± 0.019	0.678CysHis: 0.678 ± 0.008	0.947CysIle: 0.947 ± 0.011	1.137CysLys: 1.137 ± 0.013	2.239CysLeu: 2.239 ± 0.014	0.474CysMet: 0.474 ± 0.006	0.83CysAsn: 0.83 ± 0.009	1.341CysPro: 1.341 ± 0.016	1.023CysGln: 1.023 ± 0.012	1.417CysArg: 1.417 ± 0.014	2.101CysSer: 2.101 ± 0.019	1.17CysThr: 1.17 ± 0.013	1.697CysVal: 1.697 ± 0.015	0.314CysTrp: 0.314 ± 0.005	0.644CysTyr: 0.644 ± 0.008	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.283AspAla: 3.283 ± 0.02	1.174AspCys: 1.174 ± 0.014	3.031AspAsp: 3.031 ± 0.022	3.628AspGlu: 3.628 ± 0.022	2.237AspPhe: 2.237 ± 0.012	3.87AspGly: 3.87 ± 0.025	1.232AspHis: 1.232 ± 0.01	2.616AspIle: 2.616 ± 0.015	2.636AspLys: 2.636 ± 0.017	4.992AspLeu: 4.992 ± 0.02	1.27AspMet: 1.27 ± 0.009	1.895AspAsn: 1.895 ± 0.013	2.886AspPro: 2.886 ± 0.018	1.933AspGln: 1.933 ± 0.013	2.797AspArg: 2.797 ± 0.017	4.143AspSer: 4.143 ± 0.021	2.509AspThr: 2.509 ± 0.014	3.525AspVal: 3.525 ± 0.021	0.731AspTrp: 0.731 ± 0.009	1.585AspTyr: 1.585 ± 0.012	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.859GluAla: 4.859 ± 0.027	1.256GluCys: 1.256 ± 0.015	4.292GluAsp: 4.292 ± 0.024	7.016GluGlu: 7.016 ± 0.04	1.979GluPhe: 1.979 ± 0.013	4.162GluGly: 4.162 ± 0.021	1.438GluHis: 1.438 ± 0.011	2.769GluIle: 2.769 ± 0.02	4.355GluLys: 4.355 ± 0.026	6.206GluLeu: 6.206 ± 0.029	1.714GluMet: 1.714 ± 0.012	2.511GluAsn: 2.511 ± 0.016	2.729GluPro: 2.729 ± 0.017	2.888GluGln: 2.888 ± 0.02	4.242GluArg: 4.242 ± 0.024	4.086GluSer: 4.086 ± 0.019	3.276GluThr: 3.276 ± 0.017	4.371GluVal: 4.371 ± 0.021	0.688GluTrp: 0.688 ± 0.007	1.603GluTyr: 1.603 ± 0.013	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.122PheAla: 2.122 ± 0.014	1.0PheCys: 1.0 ± 0.01	1.859PheAsp: 1.859 ± 0.014	1.905PheGlu: 1.905 ± 0.014	1.687PhePhe: 1.687 ± 0.015	2.361PheGly: 2.361 ± 0.016	1.068PheHis: 1.068 ± 0.009	1.927PheIle: 1.927 ± 0.016	1.862PheLys: 1.862 ± 0.014	4.022PheLeu: 4.022 ± 0.022	0.855PheMet: 0.855 ± 0.009	1.556PheAsn: 1.556 ± 0.013	1.901PhePro: 1.901 ± 0.014	1.665PheGln: 1.665 ± 0.012	1.959PheArg: 1.959 ± 0.014	3.436PheSer: 3.436 ± 0.016	2.374PheThr: 2.374 ± 0.016	2.463PheVal: 2.463 ± 0.015	0.503PheTrp: 0.503 ± 0.006	1.281PheTyr: 1.281 ± 0.011	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	4.55GlyAla: 4.55 ± 0.026	1.354GlyCys: 1.354 ± 0.015	3.452GlyAsp: 3.452 ± 0.026	4.222GlyGlu: 4.222 ± 0.028	2.616GlyPhe: 2.616 ± 0.018	5.806GlyGly: 5.806 ± 0.036	1.739GlyHis: 1.739 ± 0.014	2.653GlyIle: 2.653 ± 0.016	3.623GlyLys: 3.623 ± 0.02	5.856GlyLeu: 5.856 ± 0.028	1.49GlyMet: 1.49 ± 0.013	2.502GlyAsn: 2.502 ± 0.016	3.567GlyPro: 3.567 ± 0.057	2.749GlyGln: 2.749 ± 0.018	4.022GlyArg: 4.022 ± 0.022	5.696GlySer: 5.696 ± 0.026	3.467GlyThr: 3.467 ± 0.018	4.31GlyVal: 4.31 ± 0.021	0.826GlyTrp: 0.826 ± 0.009	1.944GlyTyr: 1.944 ± 0.016	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
His	1.495HisAla: 1.495 ± 0.013	0.747HisCys: 0.747 ± 0.01	0.996HisAsp: 0.996 ± 0.009	1.218HisGlu: 1.218 ± 0.011	1.111HisPhe: 1.111 ± 0.009	1.67HisGly: 1.67 ± 0.013	0.952HisHis: 0.952 ± 0.012	1.262HisIle: 1.262 ± 0.01	1.275HisLys: 1.275 ± 0.013	2.716HisLeu: 2.716 ± 0.016	0.639HisMet: 0.639 ± 0.009	1.029HisAsn: 1.029 ± 0.008	1.551HisPro: 1.551 ± 0.013	1.226HisGln: 1.226 ± 0.012	1.706HisArg: 1.706 ± 0.012	2.243HisSer: 2.243 ± 0.014	1.492HisThr: 1.492 ± 0.013	1.555HisVal: 1.555 ± 0.011	0.349HisTrp: 0.349 ± 0.005	0.848HisTyr: 0.848 ± 0.008	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.638IleAla: 2.638 ± 0.015	1.056IleCys: 1.056 ± 0.01	2.104IleAsp: 2.104 ± 0.016	2.336IleGlu: 2.336 ± 0.016	1.811IlePhe: 1.811 ± 0.014	2.422IleGly: 2.422 ± 0.018	1.238IleHis: 1.238 ± 0.01	2.29IleIle: 2.29 ± 0.017	2.461IleLys: 2.461 ± 0.018	4.199IleLeu: 4.199 ± 0.024	1.029IleMet: 1.029 ± 0.009	1.866IleAsn: 1.866 ± 0.014	2.303IlePro: 2.303 ± 0.014	2.104IleGln: 2.104 ± 0.015	2.523IleArg: 2.523 ± 0.014	3.56IleSer: 3.56 ± 0.017	2.685IleThr: 2.685 ± 0.02	2.662IleVal: 2.662 ± 0.018	0.476IleTrp: 0.476 ± 0.006	1.411IleTyr: 1.411 ± 0.012	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.855LysAla: 3.855 ± 0.02	1.032LysCys: 1.032 ± 0.011	3.137LysAsp: 3.137 ± 0.02	4.358LysGlu: 4.358 ± 0.027	1.639LysPhe: 1.639 ± 0.014	3.324LysGly: 3.324 ± 0.027	1.368LysHis: 1.368 ± 0.011	2.45LysIle: 2.45 ± 0.015	4.295LysLys: 4.295 ± 0.032	4.88LysLeu: 4.88 ± 0.027	1.462LysMet: 1.462 ± 0.012	2.154LysAsn: 2.154 ± 0.013	2.746LysPro: 2.746 ± 0.021	2.421LysGln: 2.421 ± 0.016	3.468LysArg: 3.468 ± 0.019	3.596LysSer: 3.596 ± 0.018	3.045LysThr: 3.045 ± 0.017	3.586LysVal: 3.586 ± 0.018	0.577LysTrp: 0.577 ± 0.007	1.517LysTyr: 1.517 ± 0.013	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.422LeuAla: 6.422 ± 0.027	2.332LeuCys: 2.332 ± 0.015	4.916LeuAsp: 4.916 ± 0.023	6.269LeuGlu: 6.269 ± 0.034	3.571LeuPhe: 3.571 ± 0.019	5.437LeuGly: 5.437 ± 0.024	2.794LeuHis: 2.794 ± 0.015	3.833LeuIle: 3.833 ± 0.02	5.611LeuLys: 5.611 ± 0.026	10.469LeuLeu: 10.469 ± 0.048	2.176LeuMet: 2.176 ± 0.015	3.573LeuAsn: 3.573 ± 0.019	5.193LeuPro: 5.193 ± 0.022	5.355LeuGln: 5.355 ± 0.026	5.953LeuArg: 5.953 ± 0.027	8.077LeuSer: 8.077 ± 0.028	5.27LeuThr: 5.27 ± 0.024	5.85LeuVal: 5.85 ± 0.027	1.11LeuTrp: 1.11 ± 0.011	2.689LeuTyr: 2.689 ± 0.017	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.958MetAla: 1.958 ± 0.014	0.5MetCys: 0.5 ± 0.007	1.419MetAsp: 1.419 ± 0.011	1.945MetGlu: 1.945 ± 0.013	0.897MetPhe: 0.897 ± 0.01	1.44MetGly: 1.44 ± 0.013	0.491MetHis: 0.491 ± 0.007	0.888MetIle: 0.888 ± 0.008	1.495MetLys: 1.495 ± 0.01	2.123MetLeu: 2.123 ± 0.015	0.68MetMet: 0.68 ± 0.009	0.919MetAsn: 0.919 ± 0.009	1.043MetPro: 1.043 ± 0.012	0.989MetGln: 0.989 ± 0.009	1.232MetArg: 1.232 ± 0.009	1.846MetSer: 1.846 ± 0.012	1.284MetThr: 1.284 ± 0.011	1.58MetVal: 1.58 ± 0.011	0.27MetTrp: 0.27 ± 0.005	0.65MetTyr: 0.65 ± 0.007	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.263AsnAla: 2.263 ± 0.014	0.867AsnCys: 0.867 ± 0.01	1.635AsnAsp: 1.635 ± 0.012	2.018AsnGlu: 2.018 ± 0.014	1.426AsnPhe: 1.426 ± 0.013	2.699AsnGly: 2.699 ± 0.02	0.967AsnHis: 0.967 ± 0.009	2.069AsnIle: 2.069 ± 0.016	2.133AsnLys: 2.133 ± 0.015	3.548AsnLeu: 3.548 ± 0.018	1.032AsnMet: 1.032 ± 0.01	1.695AsnAsn: 1.695 ± 0.016	2.211AsnPro: 2.211 ± 0.016	1.622AsnGln: 1.622 ± 0.012	2.017AsnArg: 2.017 ± 0.014	2.898AsnSer: 2.898 ± 0.015	2.093AsnThr: 2.093 ± 0.013	2.439AsnVal: 2.439 ± 0.017	0.446AsnTrp: 0.446 ± 0.005	1.125AsnTyr: 1.125 ± 0.011	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.349ProAla: 4.349 ± 0.026	1.074ProCys: 1.074 ± 0.011	2.868ProAsp: 2.868 ± 0.018	3.687ProGlu: 3.687 ± 0.022	1.85ProPhe: 1.85 ± 0.015	4.322ProGly: 4.322 ± 0.064	1.433ProHis: 1.433 ± 0.013	1.789ProIle: 1.789 ± 0.015	2.463ProLys: 2.463 ± 0.019	4.826ProLeu: 4.826 ± 0.025	1.051ProMet: 1.051 ± 0.01	1.852ProAsn: 1.852 ± 0.014	5.201ProPro: 5.201 ± 0.049	2.444ProGln: 2.444 ± 0.02	2.89ProArg: 2.89 ± 0.021	5.084ProSer: 5.084 ± 0.031	2.891ProThr: 2.891 ± 0.019	3.626ProVal: 3.626 ± 0.019	0.586ProTrp: 0.586 ± 0.007	1.388ProTyr: 1.388 ± 0.012	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	3.102GlnAla: 3.102 ± 0.02	0.964GlnCys: 0.964 ± 0.012	2.161GlnAsp: 2.161 ± 0.012	3.242GlnGlu: 3.242 ± 0.021	1.38GlnPhe: 1.38 ± 0.011	2.698GlnGly: 2.698 ± 0.022	1.268GlnHis: 1.268 ± 0.012	1.89GlnIle: 1.89 ± 0.011	2.496GlnLys: 2.496 ± 0.017	4.446GlnLeu: 4.446 ± 0.024	1.125GlnMet: 1.125 ± 0.009	1.633GlnAsn: 1.633 ± 0.011	2.335GlnPro: 2.335 ± 0.018	2.891GlnGln: 2.891 ± 0.027	3.179GlnArg: 3.179 ± 0.018	3.24GlnSer: 3.24 ± 0.02	2.406GlnThr: 2.406 ± 0.016	2.779GlnVal: 2.779 ± 0.015	0.556GlnTrp: 0.556 ± 0.007	1.212GlnTyr: 1.212 ± 0.01	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.819ArgAla: 3.819 ± 0.021	1.409ArgCys: 1.409 ± 0.017	3.056ArgAsp: 3.056 ± 0.018	3.932ArgGlu: 3.932 ± 0.024	2.118ArgPhe: 2.118 ± 0.013	3.889ArgGly: 3.889 ± 0.03	1.623ArgHis: 1.623 ± 0.012	2.413ArgIle: 2.413 ± 0.015	3.483ArgLys: 3.483 ± 0.021	5.646ArgLeu: 5.646 ± 0.026	1.365ArgMet: 1.365 ± 0.012	2.099ArgAsn: 2.099 ± 0.011	3.173ArgPro: 3.173 ± 0.02	2.667ArgGln: 2.667 ± 0.016	4.733ArgArg: 4.733 ± 0.029	4.607ArgSer: 4.607 ± 0.03	2.982ArgThr: 2.982 ± 0.018	3.595ArgVal: 3.595 ± 0.019	0.748ArgTrp: 0.748 ± 0.008	1.643ArgTyr: 1.643 ± 0.011	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ser	5.781SerAla: 5.781 ± 0.025	1.99SerCys: 1.99 ± 0.018	4.144SerAsp: 4.144 ± 0.023	4.562SerGlu: 4.562 ± 0.02	3.128SerPhe: 3.128 ± 0.016	5.605SerGly: 5.605 ± 0.03	2.075SerHis: 2.075 ± 0.014	3.204SerIle: 3.204 ± 0.016	3.754SerLys: 3.754 ± 0.019	8.027SerLeu: 8.027 ± 0.031	1.742SerMet: 1.742 ± 0.011	2.794SerAsn: 2.794 ± 0.016	5.436SerPro: 5.436 ± 0.035	3.469SerGln: 3.469 ± 0.023	4.653SerArg: 4.653 ± 0.025	8.918SerSer: 8.918 ± 0.049	4.337SerThr: 4.337 ± 0.025	5.386SerVal: 5.386 ± 0.022	1.023SerTrp: 1.023 ± 0.009	2.132SerTyr: 2.132 ± 0.014	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	4.112ThrAla: 4.112 ± 0.021	1.399ThrCys: 1.399 ± 0.019	2.746ThrAsp: 2.746 ± 0.018	3.479ThrGlu: 3.479 ± 0.02	2.197ThrPhe: 2.197 ± 0.014	3.785ThrGly: 3.785 ± 0.022	1.361ThrHis: 1.361 ± 0.013	2.36ThrIle: 2.36 ± 0.016	2.594ThrLys: 2.594 ± 0.016	5.332ThrLeu: 5.332 ± 0.027	1.237ThrMet: 1.237 ± 0.01	1.844ThrAsn: 1.844 ± 0.014	3.293ThrPro: 3.293 ± 0.021	2.204ThrGln: 2.204 ± 0.017	2.676ThrArg: 2.676 ± 0.015	4.409ThrSer: 4.409 ± 0.027	3.101ThrThr: 3.101 ± 0.031	4.13ThrVal: 4.13 ± 0.024	0.677ThrTrp: 0.677 ± 0.008	1.419ThrTyr: 1.419 ± 0.011	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.584ValAla: 4.584 ± 0.026	1.802ValCys: 1.802 ± 0.015	3.395ValAsp: 3.395 ± 0.02	4.134ValGlu: 4.134 ± 0.023	2.887ValPhe: 2.887 ± 0.018	3.867ValGly: 3.867 ± 0.021	1.684ValHis: 1.684 ± 0.011	3.051ValIle: 3.051 ± 0.019	3.587ValLys: 3.587 ± 0.02	6.634ValLeu: 6.634 ± 0.028	1.601ValMet: 1.601 ± 0.011	2.494ValAsn: 2.494 ± 0.015	3.332ValPro: 3.332 ± 0.02	2.738ValGln: 2.738 ± 0.015	3.515ValArg: 3.515 ± 0.018	5.326ValSer: 5.326 ± 0.023	4.086ValThr: 4.086 ± 0.026	4.787ValVal: 4.787 ± 0.023	0.822ValTrp: 0.822 ± 0.009	1.897ValTyr: 1.897 ± 0.014	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.757TrpAla: 0.757 ± 0.009	0.253TrpCys: 0.253 ± 0.004	0.675TrpAsp: 0.675 ± 0.009	0.766TrpGlu: 0.766 ± 0.009	0.492TrpPhe: 0.492 ± 0.007	0.668TrpGly: 0.668 ± 0.009	0.284TrpHis: 0.284 ± 0.006	0.577TrpIle: 0.577 ± 0.007	0.727TrpLys: 0.727 ± 0.007	1.214TrpLeu: 1.214 ± 0.011	0.351TrpMet: 0.351 ± 0.005	0.518TrpAsn: 0.518 ± 0.007	0.447TrpPro: 0.447 ± 0.006	0.476TrpGln: 0.476 ± 0.007	0.81TrpArg: 0.81 ± 0.009	0.979TrpSer: 0.979 ± 0.01	0.744TrpThr: 0.744 ± 0.009	0.732TrpVal: 0.732 ± 0.008	0.213TrpTrp: 0.213 ± 0.004	0.355TrpTyr: 0.355 ± 0.006	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.558TyrAla: 1.558 ± 0.01	0.731TyrCys: 0.731 ± 0.007	1.43TyrAsp: 1.43 ± 0.011	1.599TyrGlu: 1.599 ± 0.012	1.24TyrPhe: 1.24 ± 0.011	1.802TyrGly: 1.802 ± 0.014	0.784TyrHis: 0.784 ± 0.008	1.428TyrIle: 1.428 ± 0.012	1.46TyrLys: 1.46 ± 0.015	2.704TyrLeu: 2.704 ± 0.017	0.676TyrMet: 0.676 ± 0.007	1.208TyrAsn: 1.208 ± 0.01	1.329TyrPro: 1.329 ± 0.012	1.238TyrGln: 1.238 ± 0.01	1.72TyrArg: 1.72 ± 0.013	2.286TyrSer: 2.286 ± 0.014	1.608TyrThr: 1.608 ± 0.012	1.734TyrVal: 1.734 ± 0.013	0.409TyrTrp: 0.409 ± 0.008	0.988TyrTyr: 0.988 ± 0.009	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLys: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLeu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 27249 proteins (13490636 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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