Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	10.494AlaAla: 10.494 ± 0.095	1.111AlaCys: 1.111 ± 0.032	3.46AlaAsp: 3.46 ± 0.02	4.85AlaGlu: 4.85 ± 0.035	1.964AlaPhe: 1.964 ± 0.015	5.234AlaGly: 5.234 ± 0.035	1.65AlaHis: 1.65 ± 0.014	3.223AlaIle: 3.223 ± 0.019	3.97AlaLys: 3.97 ± 0.037	6.211AlaLeu: 6.211 ± 0.035	1.687AlaMet: 1.687 ± 0.012	3.12AlaAsn: 3.12 ± 0.018	4.477AlaPro: 4.477 ± 0.034	3.396AlaGln: 3.396 ± 0.025	3.308AlaArg: 3.308 ± 0.018	6.686AlaSer: 6.686 ± 0.041	5.421AlaThr: 5.421 ± 0.032	4.553AlaVal: 4.553 ± 0.029	0.54AlaTrp: 0.54 ± 0.007	1.625AlaTyr: 1.625 ± 0.014	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.077CysAla: 1.077 ± 0.021	0.435CysCys: 0.435 ± 0.007	0.998CysAsp: 0.998 ± 0.015	1.029CysGlu: 1.029 ± 0.016	0.632CysPhe: 0.632 ± 0.008	1.265CysGly: 1.265 ± 0.038	0.499CysHis: 0.499 ± 0.01	0.933CysIle: 0.933 ± 0.019	0.855CysLys: 0.855 ± 0.012	1.601CysLeu: 1.601 ± 0.028	0.348CysMet: 0.348 ± 0.005	0.789CysAsn: 0.789 ± 0.014	0.979CysPro: 0.979 ± 0.036	0.828CysGln: 0.828 ± 0.026	1.093CysArg: 1.093 ± 0.05	1.553CysSer: 1.553 ± 0.034	0.914CysThr: 0.914 ± 0.018	1.105CysVal: 1.105 ± 0.029	0.163CysTrp: 0.163 ± 0.004	0.485CysTyr: 0.485 ± 0.008	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.777AspAla: 3.777 ± 0.028	0.962AspCys: 0.962 ± 0.019	4.078AspAsp: 4.078 ± 0.054	4.479AspGlu: 4.479 ± 0.046	1.955AspPhe: 1.955 ± 0.013	3.263AspGly: 3.263 ± 0.027	1.091AspHis: 1.091 ± 0.01	2.797AspIle: 2.797 ± 0.016	2.982AspLys: 2.982 ± 0.077	4.719AspLeu: 4.719 ± 0.031	1.24AspMet: 1.24 ± 0.01	2.201AspAsn: 2.201 ± 0.015	2.611AspPro: 2.611 ± 0.037	1.954AspGln: 1.954 ± 0.013	2.581AspArg: 2.581 ± 0.02	4.171AspSer: 4.171 ± 0.034	2.608AspThr: 2.608 ± 0.019	3.274AspVal: 3.274 ± 0.019	0.553AspTrp: 0.553 ± 0.007	1.674AspTyr: 1.674 ± 0.014	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.73GluAla: 4.73 ± 0.033	1.143GluCys: 1.143 ± 0.042	4.15GluAsp: 4.15 ± 0.039	6.49GluGlu: 6.49 ± 0.104	2.011GluPhe: 2.011 ± 0.019	2.952GluGly: 2.952 ± 0.023	1.631GluHis: 1.631 ± 0.014	3.267GluIle: 3.267 ± 0.034	4.442GluLys: 4.442 ± 0.061	5.93GluLeu: 5.93 ± 0.041	1.537GluMet: 1.537 ± 0.011	2.835GluAsn: 2.835 ± 0.017	3.205GluPro: 3.205 ± 0.041	3.655GluGln: 3.655 ± 0.033	4.076GluArg: 4.076 ± 0.031	4.742GluSer: 4.742 ± 0.046	3.65GluThr: 3.65 ± 0.043	3.543GluVal: 3.543 ± 0.048	0.571GluTrp: 0.571 ± 0.008	1.89GluTyr: 1.89 ± 0.021	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.001PheAla: 2.001 ± 0.014	0.646PheCys: 0.646 ± 0.009	1.923PheAsp: 1.923 ± 0.015	2.007PheGlu: 2.007 ± 0.014	1.246PhePhe: 1.246 ± 0.014	2.168PheGly: 2.168 ± 0.016	0.816PheHis: 0.816 ± 0.007	1.679PheIle: 1.679 ± 0.016	1.694PheLys: 1.694 ± 0.012	2.902PheLeu: 2.902 ± 0.024	0.767PheMet: 0.767 ± 0.008	1.529PheAsn: 1.529 ± 0.013	1.326PhePro: 1.326 ± 0.012	1.36PheGln: 1.36 ± 0.012	1.761PheArg: 1.761 ± 0.017	2.347PheSer: 2.347 ± 0.016	1.729PheThr: 1.729 ± 0.015	2.17PheVal: 2.17 ± 0.015	0.379PheTrp: 0.379 ± 0.006	1.076PheTyr: 1.076 ± 0.013	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.896GlyAla: 4.896 ± 0.033	0.961GlyCys: 0.961 ± 0.019	3.288GlyAsp: 3.288 ± 0.032	3.275GlyGlu: 3.275 ± 0.024	1.946GlyPhe: 1.946 ± 0.017	7.387GlyGly: 7.387 ± 0.086	1.737GlyHis: 1.737 ± 0.014	2.67GlyIle: 2.67 ± 0.018	2.952GlyLys: 2.952 ± 0.021	4.445GlyLeu: 4.445 ± 0.028	1.359GlyMet: 1.359 ± 0.014	2.904GlyAsn: 2.904 ± 0.02	2.818GlyPro: 2.818 ± 0.031	2.71GlyGln: 2.71 ± 0.028	2.996GlyArg: 2.996 ± 0.018	6.209GlySer: 6.209 ± 0.042	3.331GlyThr: 3.331 ± 0.024	3.525GlyVal: 3.525 ± 0.021	0.545GlyTrp: 0.545 ± 0.007	1.882GlyTyr: 1.882 ± 0.024	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
His	1.583HisAla: 1.583 ± 0.011	0.547HisCys: 0.547 ± 0.01	1.073HisAsp: 1.073 ± 0.01	1.438HisGlu: 1.438 ± 0.012	0.949HisPhe: 0.949 ± 0.009	1.547HisGly: 1.547 ± 0.016	1.595HisHis: 1.595 ± 0.025	1.281HisIle: 1.281 ± 0.009	1.277HisLys: 1.277 ± 0.012	2.426HisLeu: 2.426 ± 0.018	0.686HisMet: 0.686 ± 0.008	1.191HisAsn: 1.191 ± 0.013	1.545HisPro: 1.545 ± 0.016	1.919HisGln: 1.919 ± 0.02	1.439HisArg: 1.439 ± 0.012	2.317HisSer: 2.317 ± 0.019	1.381HisThr: 1.381 ± 0.011	1.392HisVal: 1.392 ± 0.01	0.264HisTrp: 0.264 ± 0.005	0.841HisTyr: 0.841 ± 0.009	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.209IleAla: 3.209 ± 0.017	1.045IleCys: 1.045 ± 0.02	2.753IleAsp: 2.753 ± 0.022	3.256IleGlu: 3.256 ± 0.031	1.838IlePhe: 1.838 ± 0.019	2.564IleGly: 2.564 ± 0.02	1.072IleHis: 1.072 ± 0.01	2.582IleIle: 2.582 ± 0.021	2.719IleLys: 2.719 ± 0.021	3.99IleLeu: 3.99 ± 0.025	1.046IleMet: 1.046 ± 0.01	2.302IleAsn: 2.302 ± 0.02	2.501IlePro: 2.501 ± 0.037	2.001IleGln: 2.001 ± 0.019	2.457IleArg: 2.457 ± 0.017	3.955IleSer: 3.955 ± 0.02	2.778IleThr: 2.778 ± 0.019	3.101IleVal: 3.101 ± 0.018	0.475IleTrp: 0.475 ± 0.006	1.517IleTyr: 1.517 ± 0.015	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	3.567LysAla: 3.567 ± 0.029	0.998LysCys: 0.998 ± 0.02	3.007LysAsp: 3.007 ± 0.035	3.858LysGlu: 3.858 ± 0.029	1.686LysPhe: 1.686 ± 0.012	2.352LysGly: 2.352 ± 0.02	1.36LysHis: 1.36 ± 0.013	2.824LysIle: 2.824 ± 0.031	4.055LysLys: 4.055 ± 0.065	4.995LysLeu: 4.995 ± 0.03	1.345LysMet: 1.345 ± 0.012	2.291LysAsn: 2.291 ± 0.015	3.645LysPro: 3.645 ± 0.117	2.768LysGln: 2.768 ± 0.029	3.469LysArg: 3.469 ± 0.019	4.402LysSer: 4.402 ± 0.065	3.165LysThr: 3.165 ± 0.029	2.915LysVal: 2.915 ± 0.029	0.553LysTrp: 0.553 ± 0.009	1.614LysTyr: 1.614 ± 0.015	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.215LeuAla: 6.215 ± 0.03	1.521LeuCys: 1.521 ± 0.016	4.783LeuAsp: 4.783 ± 0.032	6.174LeuGlu: 6.174 ± 0.044	2.613LeuPhe: 2.613 ± 0.025	4.565LeuGly: 4.565 ± 0.03	2.41LeuHis: 2.41 ± 0.018	3.963LeuIle: 3.963 ± 0.021	5.306LeuLys: 5.306 ± 0.055	8.324LeuLeu: 8.324 ± 0.054	1.932LeuMet: 1.932 ± 0.016	4.088LeuAsn: 4.088 ± 0.025	4.961LeuPro: 4.961 ± 0.025	5.301LeuGln: 5.301 ± 0.042	5.275LeuArg: 5.275 ± 0.036	6.757LeuSer: 6.757 ± 0.037	4.53LeuThr: 4.53 ± 0.021	4.764LeuVal: 4.764 ± 0.026	0.767LeuTrp: 0.767 ± 0.009	2.26LeuTyr: 2.26 ± 0.018	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.794MetAla: 1.794 ± 0.014	0.358MetCys: 0.358 ± 0.006	1.333MetAsp: 1.333 ± 0.011	1.605MetGlu: 1.605 ± 0.013	0.713MetPhe: 0.713 ± 0.009	1.367MetGly: 1.367 ± 0.014	0.63MetHis: 0.63 ± 0.007	0.892MetIle: 0.892 ± 0.009	1.167MetLys: 1.167 ± 0.009	1.974MetLeu: 1.974 ± 0.016	0.601MetMet: 0.601 ± 0.007	0.946MetAsn: 0.946 ± 0.009	1.401MetPro: 1.401 ± 0.014	1.284MetGln: 1.284 ± 0.014	1.395MetArg: 1.395 ± 0.013	1.808MetSer: 1.808 ± 0.013	1.103MetThr: 1.103 ± 0.01	1.188MetVal: 1.188 ± 0.01	0.205MetTrp: 0.205 ± 0.004	0.613MetTyr: 0.613 ± 0.007	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.31AsnAla: 3.31 ± 0.026	0.873AsnCys: 0.873 ± 0.014	2.309AsnAsp: 2.309 ± 0.015	2.768AsnGlu: 2.768 ± 0.017	1.54AsnPhe: 1.54 ± 0.015	3.465AsnGly: 3.465 ± 0.026	1.085AsnHis: 1.085 ± 0.016	2.448AsnIle: 2.448 ± 0.015	2.144AsnLys: 2.144 ± 0.015	3.87AsnLeu: 3.87 ± 0.026	1.038AsnMet: 1.038 ± 0.01	3.012AsnAsn: 3.012 ± 0.033	2.152AsnPro: 2.152 ± 0.026	1.986AsnGln: 1.986 ± 0.021	2.235AsnArg: 2.235 ± 0.014	4.087AsnSer: 4.087 ± 0.029	2.399AsnThr: 2.399 ± 0.017	2.68AsnVal: 2.68 ± 0.016	0.437AsnTrp: 0.437 ± 0.006	1.327AsnTyr: 1.327 ± 0.011	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	4.817ProAla: 4.817 ± 0.054	0.814ProCys: 0.814 ± 0.053	2.444ProAsp: 2.444 ± 0.014	3.799ProGlu: 3.799 ± 0.056	1.516ProPhe: 1.516 ± 0.014	3.453ProGly: 3.453 ± 0.043	1.569ProHis: 1.569 ± 0.017	2.535ProIle: 2.535 ± 0.027	3.165ProLys: 3.165 ± 0.043	4.673ProLeu: 4.673 ± 0.044	1.167ProMet: 1.167 ± 0.012	2.339ProAsn: 2.339 ± 0.024	5.777ProPro: 5.777 ± 0.064	3.348ProGln: 3.348 ± 0.027	2.71ProArg: 2.71 ± 0.02	5.253ProSer: 5.253 ± 0.064	3.908ProThr: 3.908 ± 0.032	3.415ProVal: 3.415 ± 0.026	0.41ProTrp: 0.41 ± 0.006	1.425ProTyr: 1.425 ± 0.015	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	3.657GlnAla: 3.657 ± 0.026	0.844GlnCys: 0.844 ± 0.026	1.984GlnAsp: 1.984 ± 0.016	3.246GlnGlu: 3.246 ± 0.036	1.4GlnPhe: 1.4 ± 0.011	2.201GlnGly: 2.201 ± 0.016	2.116GlnHis: 2.116 ± 0.024	2.174GlnIle: 2.174 ± 0.017	2.721GlnLys: 2.721 ± 0.025	5.173GlnLeu: 5.173 ± 0.041	1.31GlnMet: 1.31 ± 0.012	2.055GlnAsn: 2.055 ± 0.015	3.387GlnPro: 3.387 ± 0.038	9.765GlnGln: 9.765 ± 0.152	3.454GlnArg: 3.454 ± 0.025	3.835GlnSer: 3.835 ± 0.031	2.716GlnThr: 2.716 ± 0.021	2.418GlnVal: 2.418 ± 0.018	0.446GlnTrp: 0.446 ± 0.006	1.236GlnTyr: 1.236 ± 0.01	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.356ArgAla: 3.356 ± 0.018	1.022ArgCys: 1.022 ± 0.023	2.867ArgAsp: 2.867 ± 0.022	3.602ArgGlu: 3.602 ± 0.025	1.798ArgPhe: 1.798 ± 0.014	2.759ArgGly: 2.759 ± 0.02	1.577ArgHis: 1.577 ± 0.013	2.679ArgIle: 2.679 ± 0.017	3.389ArgLys: 3.389 ± 0.021	5.015ArgLeu: 5.015 ± 0.034	1.139ArgMet: 1.139 ± 0.01	2.546ArgAsn: 2.546 ± 0.017	3.0ArgPro: 3.0 ± 0.033	3.072ArgGln: 3.072 ± 0.026	4.386ArgArg: 4.386 ± 0.03	4.489ArgSer: 4.489 ± 0.03	2.875ArgThr: 2.875 ± 0.014	2.892ArgVal: 2.892 ± 0.023	0.553ArgTrp: 0.553 ± 0.006	1.577ArgTyr: 1.577 ± 0.012	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ser	6.414SerAla: 6.414 ± 0.034	1.414SerCys: 1.414 ± 0.034	4.414SerAsp: 4.414 ± 0.049	4.658SerGlu: 4.658 ± 0.039	2.601SerPhe: 2.601 ± 0.021	6.041SerGly: 6.041 ± 0.032	2.075SerHis: 2.075 ± 0.017	3.754SerIle: 3.754 ± 0.018	4.046SerLys: 4.046 ± 0.026	6.927SerLeu: 6.927 ± 0.033	1.796SerMet: 1.796 ± 0.014	4.153SerAsn: 4.153 ± 0.031	5.415SerPro: 5.415 ± 0.057	3.822SerGln: 3.822 ± 0.023	4.177SerArg: 4.177 ± 0.026	11.221SerSer: 11.221 ± 0.109	5.987SerThr: 5.987 ± 0.06	4.825SerVal: 4.825 ± 0.045	0.712SerTrp: 0.712 ± 0.007	2.083SerTyr: 2.083 ± 0.017	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	5.084ThrAla: 5.084 ± 0.024	0.998ThrCys: 0.998 ± 0.018	2.867ThrAsp: 2.867 ± 0.038	3.644ThrGlu: 3.644 ± 0.036	1.75ThrPhe: 1.75 ± 0.015	3.522ThrGly: 3.522 ± 0.026	1.323ThrHis: 1.323 ± 0.011	2.841ThrIle: 2.841 ± 0.019	2.888ThrLys: 2.888 ± 0.024	4.835ThrLeu: 4.835 ± 0.031	1.227ThrMet: 1.227 ± 0.011	2.581ThrAsn: 2.581 ± 0.015	4.217ThrPro: 4.217 ± 0.034	2.433ThrGln: 2.433 ± 0.017	2.581ThrArg: 2.581 ± 0.018	5.408ThrSer: 5.408 ± 0.038	5.796ThrThr: 5.796 ± 0.112	3.822ThrVal: 3.822 ± 0.041	0.479ThrTrp: 0.479 ± 0.007	1.435ThrTyr: 1.435 ± 0.013	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.688ValAla: 4.688 ± 0.03	1.11ValCys: 1.11 ± 0.022	3.167ValAsp: 3.167 ± 0.024	4.031ValGlu: 4.031 ± 0.058	1.882ValPhe: 1.882 ± 0.014	3.46ValGly: 3.46 ± 0.024	1.437ValHis: 1.437 ± 0.01	2.81ValIle: 2.81 ± 0.021	3.129ValLys: 3.129 ± 0.032	5.117ValLeu: 5.117 ± 0.027	1.207ValMet: 1.207 ± 0.01	2.457ValAsn: 2.457 ± 0.017	3.476ValPro: 3.476 ± 0.031	2.711ValGln: 2.711 ± 0.018	2.997ValArg: 2.997 ± 0.018	4.464ValSer: 4.464 ± 0.024	3.328ValThr: 3.328 ± 0.033	4.163ValVal: 4.163 ± 0.046	0.525ValTrp: 0.525 ± 0.008	1.644ValTyr: 1.644 ± 0.014	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.498TrpAla: 0.498 ± 0.007	0.169TrpCys: 0.169 ± 0.003	0.471TrpAsp: 0.471 ± 0.006	0.516TrpGlu: 0.516 ± 0.006	0.353TrpPhe: 0.353 ± 0.006	0.44TrpGly: 0.44 ± 0.007	0.246TrpHis: 0.246 ± 0.004	0.475TrpIle: 0.475 ± 0.006	0.513TrpLys: 0.513 ± 0.007	1.025TrpLeu: 1.025 ± 0.014	0.258TrpMet: 0.258 ± 0.004	0.461TrpAsn: 0.461 ± 0.007	0.354TrpPro: 0.354 ± 0.006	0.483TrpGln: 0.483 ± 0.006	0.607TrpArg: 0.607 ± 0.008	0.701TrpSer: 0.701 ± 0.008	0.529TrpThr: 0.529 ± 0.007	0.482TrpVal: 0.482 ± 0.007	0.137TrpTrp: 0.137 ± 0.004	0.307TrpTyr: 0.307 ± 0.006	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.812TyrAla: 1.812 ± 0.015	0.608TyrCys: 0.608 ± 0.008	1.6TyrAsp: 1.6 ± 0.011	1.723TyrGlu: 1.723 ± 0.018	1.133TyrPhe: 1.133 ± 0.012	1.831TyrGly: 1.831 ± 0.021	0.771TyrHis: 0.771 ± 0.009	1.332TyrIle: 1.332 ± 0.013	1.459TyrLys: 1.459 ± 0.013	2.355TyrLeu: 2.355 ± 0.017	0.688TyrMet: 0.688 ± 0.007	1.363TyrAsn: 1.363 ± 0.014	1.291TyrPro: 1.291 ± 0.014	1.341TyrGln: 1.341 ± 0.013	1.596TyrArg: 1.596 ± 0.013	2.131TyrSer: 2.131 ± 0.021	1.586TyrThr: 1.586 ± 0.015	1.577TyrVal: 1.577 ± 0.014	0.311TyrTrp: 0.311 ± 0.005	1.01TyrTyr: 1.01 ± 0.012	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLeu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 23072 proteins (17929357 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

---