Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Podiceps cristatus (Great crested grebe)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.592AlaAla: 5.592 ± 0.072	1.341AlaCys: 1.341 ± 0.024	2.986AlaAsp: 2.986 ± 0.033	4.55AlaGlu: 4.55 ± 0.05	2.681AlaPhe: 2.681 ± 0.029	3.79AlaGly: 3.79 ± 0.043	1.376AlaHis: 1.376 ± 0.023	3.121AlaIle: 3.121 ± 0.032	3.765AlaLys: 3.765 ± 0.042	6.435AlaLeu: 6.435 ± 0.062	1.474AlaMet: 1.474 ± 0.023	2.26AlaAsn: 2.26 ± 0.029	2.876AlaPro: 2.876 ± 0.048	2.695AlaGln: 2.695 ± 0.035	2.944AlaArg: 2.944 ± 0.038	5.155AlaSer: 5.155 ± 0.049	3.362AlaThr: 3.362 ± 0.033	4.835AlaVal: 4.835 ± 0.039	0.713AlaTrp: 0.713 ± 0.018	1.649AlaTyr: 1.649 ± 0.026	0.002AlaXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Cys	1.186CysAla: 1.186 ± 0.024	0.661CysCys: 0.661 ± 0.018	1.054CysAsp: 1.054 ± 0.023	1.29CysGlu: 1.29 ± 0.025	0.951CysPhe: 0.951 ± 0.02	1.474CysGly: 1.474 ± 0.033	0.643CysHis: 0.643 ± 0.015	1.175CysIle: 1.175 ± 0.026	1.35CysLys: 1.35 ± 0.022	2.185CysLeu: 2.185 ± 0.03	0.458CysMet: 0.458 ± 0.013	0.933CysAsn: 0.933 ± 0.021	1.229CysPro: 1.229 ± 0.029	1.061CysGln: 1.061 ± 0.024	1.206CysArg: 1.206 ± 0.021	2.016CysSer: 2.016 ± 0.036	1.17CysThr: 1.17 ± 0.023	1.368CysVal: 1.368 ± 0.035	0.313CysTrp: 0.313 ± 0.01	0.697CysTyr: 0.697 ± 0.017	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.916AspAla: 2.916 ± 0.03	1.106AspCys: 1.106 ± 0.021	2.92AspAsp: 2.92 ± 0.039	3.656AspGlu: 3.656 ± 0.045	2.266AspPhe: 2.266 ± 0.033	3.274AspGly: 3.274 ± 0.045	1.177AspHis: 1.177 ± 0.019	2.974AspIle: 2.974 ± 0.037	2.811AspLys: 2.811 ± 0.034	5.013AspLeu: 5.013 ± 0.041	1.182AspMet: 1.182 ± 0.022	1.975AspAsn: 1.975 ± 0.023	2.615AspPro: 2.615 ± 0.037	1.834AspGln: 1.834 ± 0.025	2.333AspArg: 2.333 ± 0.034	4.083AspSer: 4.083 ± 0.043	2.569AspThr: 2.569 ± 0.028	3.226AspVal: 3.226 ± 0.039	0.668AspTrp: 0.668 ± 0.015	1.711AspTyr: 1.711 ± 0.03	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.69GluAla: 4.69 ± 0.056	1.293GluCys: 1.293 ± 0.033	4.489GluAsp: 4.489 ± 0.043	7.868GluGlu: 7.868 ± 0.103	2.248GluPhe: 2.248 ± 0.026	3.844GluGly: 3.844 ± 0.041	1.557GluHis: 1.557 ± 0.023	3.546GluIle: 3.546 ± 0.036	5.795GluLys: 5.795 ± 0.074	6.293GluLeu: 6.293 ± 0.068	1.821GluMet: 1.821 ± 0.027	3.459GluAsn: 3.459 ± 0.039	2.533GluPro: 2.533 ± 0.036	3.223GluGln: 3.223 ± 0.043	3.893GluArg: 3.893 ± 0.055	4.544GluSer: 4.544 ± 0.052	3.602GluThr: 3.602 ± 0.041	4.417GluVal: 4.417 ± 0.04	0.73GluTrp: 0.73 ± 0.017	1.851GluTyr: 1.851 ± 0.026	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.197PheAla: 2.197 ± 0.03	1.039PheCys: 1.039 ± 0.022	1.861PheAsp: 1.861 ± 0.03	2.168PheGlu: 2.168 ± 0.028	2.003PhePhe: 2.003 ± 0.031	2.332PheGly: 2.332 ± 0.031	1.094PheHis: 1.094 ± 0.017	2.172PheIle: 2.172 ± 0.031	2.235PheLys: 2.235 ± 0.034	4.343PheLeu: 4.343 ± 0.045	0.815PheMet: 0.815 ± 0.019	1.554PheAsn: 1.554 ± 0.026	1.966PhePro: 1.966 ± 0.03	1.847PheGln: 1.847 ± 0.025	1.975PheArg: 1.975 ± 0.029	3.57PheSer: 3.57 ± 0.035	2.358PheThr: 2.358 ± 0.035	2.397PheVal: 2.397 ± 0.028	0.546PheTrp: 0.546 ± 0.015	1.367PheTyr: 1.367 ± 0.022	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.428GlyAla: 3.428 ± 0.037	1.204GlyCys: 1.204 ± 0.022	2.886GlyAsp: 2.886 ± 0.041	3.723GlyGlu: 3.723 ± 0.05	2.56GlyPhe: 2.56 ± 0.038	3.774GlyGly: 3.774 ± 0.055	1.503GlyHis: 1.503 ± 0.027	3.152GlyIle: 3.152 ± 0.034	4.045GlyLys: 4.045 ± 0.042	5.065GlyLeu: 5.065 ± 0.055	1.394GlyMet: 1.394 ± 0.026	2.649GlyAsn: 2.649 ± 0.028	2.617GlyPro: 2.617 ± 0.066	2.487GlyGln: 2.487 ± 0.035	3.071GlyArg: 3.071 ± 0.04	5.035GlySer: 5.035 ± 0.058	3.381GlyThr: 3.381 ± 0.038	3.433GlyVal: 3.433 ± 0.034	0.757GlyTrp: 0.757 ± 0.02	1.862GlyTyr: 1.862 ± 0.028	0.002GlyXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
His	1.325HisAla: 1.325 ± 0.022	0.72HisCys: 0.72 ± 0.017	0.909HisAsp: 0.909 ± 0.02	1.373HisGlu: 1.373 ± 0.023	1.133HisPhe: 1.133 ± 0.023	1.459HisGly: 1.459 ± 0.024	0.848HisHis: 0.848 ± 0.021	1.355HisIle: 1.355 ± 0.023	1.427HisLys: 1.427 ± 0.024	2.776HisLeu: 2.776 ± 0.03	0.609HisMet: 0.609 ± 0.016	1.003HisAsn: 1.003 ± 0.019	1.458HisPro: 1.458 ± 0.025	1.184HisGln: 1.184 ± 0.023	1.462HisArg: 1.462 ± 0.023	2.193HisSer: 2.193 ± 0.031	1.339HisThr: 1.339 ± 0.024	1.559HisVal: 1.559 ± 0.028	0.411HisTrp: 0.411 ± 0.011	0.859HisTyr: 0.859 ± 0.019	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.079IleAla: 3.079 ± 0.033	1.262IleCys: 1.262 ± 0.024	2.359IleAsp: 2.359 ± 0.031	2.91IleGlu: 2.91 ± 0.038	2.276IlePhe: 2.276 ± 0.035	2.512IleGly: 2.512 ± 0.033	1.407IleHis: 1.407 ± 0.021	2.768IleIle: 2.768 ± 0.032	3.091IleLys: 3.091 ± 0.034	5.035IleLeu: 5.035 ± 0.041	1.107IleMet: 1.107 ± 0.019	2.238IleAsn: 2.238 ± 0.027	2.895IlePro: 2.895 ± 0.031	2.443IleGln: 2.443 ± 0.032	2.567IleArg: 2.567 ± 0.028	4.176IleSer: 4.176 ± 0.04	2.877IleThr: 2.877 ± 0.037	2.962IleVal: 2.962 ± 0.034	0.598IleTrp: 0.598 ± 0.016	1.677IleTyr: 1.677 ± 0.032	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.173LysAla: 4.173 ± 0.045	1.246LysCys: 1.246 ± 0.026	3.496LysAsp: 3.496 ± 0.037	5.808LysGlu: 5.808 ± 0.08	2.025LysPhe: 2.025 ± 0.028	3.495LysGly: 3.495 ± 0.052	1.67LysHis: 1.67 ± 0.028	3.264LysIle: 3.264 ± 0.035	5.562LysLys: 5.562 ± 0.07	5.811LysLeu: 5.811 ± 0.057	1.614LysMet: 1.614 ± 0.026	2.829LysAsn: 2.829 ± 0.032	3.168LysPro: 3.168 ± 0.045	3.072LysGln: 3.072 ± 0.042	3.577LysArg: 3.577 ± 0.042	4.428LysSer: 4.428 ± 0.052	3.468LysThr: 3.468 ± 0.036	3.775LysVal: 3.775 ± 0.037	0.666LysTrp: 0.666 ± 0.015	1.906LysTyr: 1.906 ± 0.028	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.25LeuAla: 6.25 ± 0.061	2.201LeuCys: 2.201 ± 0.034	4.906LeuAsp: 4.906 ± 0.046	7.01LeuGlu: 7.01 ± 0.075	3.664LeuPhe: 3.664 ± 0.039	5.18LeuGly: 5.18 ± 0.048	2.679LeuHis: 2.679 ± 0.034	4.347LeuIle: 4.347 ± 0.037	6.473LeuLys: 6.473 ± 0.055	10.07LeuLeu: 10.07 ± 0.098	2.071LeuMet: 2.071 ± 0.027	3.954LeuAsn: 3.954 ± 0.039	5.352LeuPro: 5.352 ± 0.053	5.583LeuGln: 5.583 ± 0.064	5.076LeuArg: 5.076 ± 0.045	7.811LeuSer: 7.811 ± 0.057	5.017LeuThr: 5.017 ± 0.043	5.512LeuVal: 5.512 ± 0.044	1.097LeuTrp: 1.097 ± 0.021	2.794LeuTyr: 2.794 ± 0.032	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Met	1.63MetAla: 1.63 ± 0.022	0.442MetCys: 0.442 ± 0.013	1.296MetAsp: 1.296 ± 0.024	1.909MetGlu: 1.909 ± 0.031	0.872MetPhe: 0.872 ± 0.019	1.281MetGly: 1.281 ± 0.023	0.536MetHis: 0.536 ± 0.014	1.011MetIle: 1.011 ± 0.021	1.629MetLys: 1.629 ± 0.025	2.126MetLeu: 2.126 ± 0.029	0.62MetMet: 0.62 ± 0.017	1.01MetAsn: 1.01 ± 0.016	1.06MetPro: 1.06 ± 0.022	1.043MetGln: 1.043 ± 0.022	1.091MetArg: 1.091 ± 0.019	1.532MetSer: 1.532 ± 0.025	1.163MetThr: 1.163 ± 0.025	1.478MetVal: 1.478 ± 0.022	0.259MetTrp: 0.259 ± 0.009	0.699MetTyr: 0.699 ± 0.017	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.362AsnAla: 2.362 ± 0.031	0.98AsnCys: 0.98 ± 0.025	1.732AsnAsp: 1.732 ± 0.025	2.602AsnGlu: 2.602 ± 0.037	1.683AsnPhe: 1.683 ± 0.026	2.817AsnGly: 2.817 ± 0.041	1.039AsnHis: 1.039 ± 0.02	2.543AsnIle: 2.543 ± 0.034	2.679AsnLys: 2.679 ± 0.032	4.173AsnLeu: 4.173 ± 0.045	1.036AsnMet: 1.036 ± 0.021	1.897AsnAsn: 1.897 ± 0.03	2.317AsnPro: 2.317 ± 0.033	1.756AsnGln: 1.756 ± 0.027	2.088AsnArg: 2.088 ± 0.023	3.498AsnSer: 3.498 ± 0.048	2.279AsnThr: 2.279 ± 0.027	2.533AsnVal: 2.533 ± 0.027	0.514AsnTrp: 0.514 ± 0.012	1.346AsnTyr: 1.346 ± 0.02	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.633ProAla: 3.633 ± 0.045	1.064ProCys: 1.064 ± 0.025	2.606ProAsp: 2.606 ± 0.03	3.871ProGlu: 3.871 ± 0.046	1.947ProPhe: 1.947 ± 0.028	3.444ProGly: 3.444 ± 0.105	1.22ProHis: 1.22 ± 0.021	2.002ProIle: 2.002 ± 0.028	2.785ProLys: 2.785 ± 0.038	4.617ProLeu: 4.617 ± 0.048	0.959ProMet: 0.959 ± 0.018	1.957ProAsn: 1.957 ± 0.033	4.165ProPro: 4.165 ± 0.084	2.293ProGln: 2.293 ± 0.038	2.54ProArg: 2.54 ± 0.035	4.894ProSer: 4.894 ± 0.061	2.623ProThr: 2.623 ± 0.037	3.666ProVal: 3.666 ± 0.042	0.549ProTrp: 0.549 ± 0.015	1.484ProTyr: 1.484 ± 0.022	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.005GlnAla: 3.005 ± 0.041	0.965GlnCys: 0.965 ± 0.019	2.215GlnAsp: 2.215 ± 0.029	3.696GlnGlu: 3.696 ± 0.046	1.483GlnPhe: 1.483 ± 0.02	2.431GlnGly: 2.431 ± 0.038	1.265GlnHis: 1.265 ± 0.024	2.259GlnIle: 2.259 ± 0.033	3.293GlnLys: 3.293 ± 0.043	4.605GlnLeu: 4.605 ± 0.051	1.116GlnMet: 1.116 ± 0.021	2.056GlnAsn: 2.056 ± 0.029	2.275GlnPro: 2.275 ± 0.035	3.009GlnGln: 3.009 ± 0.07	2.635GlnArg: 2.635 ± 0.033	3.162GlnSer: 3.162 ± 0.04	2.357GlnThr: 2.357 ± 0.033	2.735GlnVal: 2.735 ± 0.031	0.531GlnTrp: 0.531 ± 0.014	1.278GlnTyr: 1.278 ± 0.023	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.019ArgAla: 3.019 ± 0.033	1.098ArgCys: 1.098 ± 0.022	2.576ArgAsp: 2.576 ± 0.031	3.703ArgGlu: 3.703 ± 0.048	1.969ArgPhe: 1.969 ± 0.027	2.796ArgGly: 2.796 ± 0.045	1.421ArgHis: 1.421 ± 0.023	2.61ArgIle: 2.61 ± 0.032	3.974ArgLys: 3.974 ± 0.049	4.912ArgLeu: 4.912 ± 0.05	1.178ArgMet: 1.178 ± 0.021	2.285ArgAsn: 2.285 ± 0.029	2.374ArgPro: 2.374 ± 0.039	2.473ArgGln: 2.473 ± 0.032	3.585ArgArg: 3.585 ± 0.051	3.936ArgSer: 3.936 ± 0.061	2.711ArgThr: 2.711 ± 0.028	2.933ArgVal: 2.933 ± 0.03	0.62ArgTrp: 0.62 ± 0.015	1.618ArgTyr: 1.618 ± 0.023	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Ser	5.028SerAla: 5.028 ± 0.043	1.829SerCys: 1.829 ± 0.029	4.019SerAsp: 4.019 ± 0.043	5.163SerGlu: 5.163 ± 0.059	3.213SerPhe: 3.213 ± 0.037	4.967SerGly: 4.967 ± 0.065	2.029SerHis: 2.029 ± 0.028	3.637SerIle: 3.637 ± 0.041	4.615SerLys: 4.615 ± 0.05	8.0SerLeu: 8.0 ± 0.063	1.649SerMet: 1.649 ± 0.028	3.164SerAsn: 3.164 ± 0.033	5.096SerPro: 5.096 ± 0.074	3.605SerGln: 3.605 ± 0.041	4.043SerArg: 4.043 ± 0.048	9.264SerSer: 9.264 ± 0.111	4.547SerThr: 4.547 ± 0.05	5.163SerVal: 5.163 ± 0.044	0.968SerTrp: 0.968 ± 0.018	2.319SerTyr: 2.319 ± 0.032	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Thr	3.738ThrAla: 3.738 ± 0.036	1.343ThrCys: 1.343 ± 0.024	2.752ThrAsp: 2.752 ± 0.033	3.834ThrGlu: 3.834 ± 0.042	2.257ThrPhe: 2.257 ± 0.033	3.449ThrGly: 3.449 ± 0.039	1.209ThrHis: 1.209 ± 0.026	2.617ThrIle: 2.617 ± 0.033	2.977ThrLys: 2.977 ± 0.036	5.155ThrLeu: 5.155 ± 0.04	1.164ThrMet: 1.164 ± 0.02	2.0ThrAsn: 2.0 ± 0.025	3.111ThrPro: 3.111 ± 0.042	2.101ThrGln: 2.101 ± 0.031	2.289ThrArg: 2.289 ± 0.027	4.707ThrSer: 4.707 ± 0.053	2.985ThrThr: 2.985 ± 0.042	4.116ThrVal: 4.116 ± 0.039	0.653ThrTrp: 0.653 ± 0.015	1.547ThrTyr: 1.547 ± 0.023	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.08ValAla: 4.08 ± 0.045	1.596ValCys: 1.596 ± 0.032	3.078ValAsp: 3.078 ± 0.033	3.949ValGlu: 3.949 ± 0.035	2.732ValPhe: 2.732 ± 0.034	3.278ValGly: 3.278 ± 0.04	1.617ValHis: 1.617 ± 0.026	3.356ValIle: 3.356 ± 0.033	3.925ValLys: 3.925 ± 0.036	6.269ValLeu: 6.269 ± 0.055	1.409ValMet: 1.409 ± 0.024	2.622ValAsn: 2.622 ± 0.029	3.425ValPro: 3.425 ± 0.04	2.779ValGln: 2.779 ± 0.03	3.025ValArg: 3.025 ± 0.031	5.001ValSer: 5.001 ± 0.048	3.852ValThr: 3.852 ± 0.046	4.376ValVal: 4.376 ± 0.045	0.722ValTrp: 0.722 ± 0.017	1.875ValTyr: 1.875 ± 0.024	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.652TrpAla: 0.652 ± 0.017	0.257TrpCys: 0.257 ± 0.011	0.704TrpAsp: 0.704 ± 0.017	0.773TrpGlu: 0.773 ± 0.018	0.451TrpPhe: 0.451 ± 0.014	0.639TrpGly: 0.639 ± 0.021	0.308TrpHis: 0.308 ± 0.01	0.626TrpIle: 0.626 ± 0.014	0.89TrpLys: 0.89 ± 0.018	1.192TrpLeu: 1.192 ± 0.025	0.314TrpMet: 0.314 ± 0.009	0.699TrpAsn: 0.699 ± 0.016	0.424TrpPro: 0.424 ± 0.012	0.547TrpGln: 0.547 ± 0.015	0.646TrpArg: 0.646 ± 0.016	0.897TrpSer: 0.897 ± 0.019	0.66TrpThr: 0.66 ± 0.015	0.666TrpVal: 0.666 ± 0.016	0.197TrpTrp: 0.197 ± 0.008	0.371TrpTyr: 0.371 ± 0.012	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.616TyrAla: 1.616 ± 0.023	0.772TyrCys: 0.772 ± 0.02	1.465TyrAsp: 1.465 ± 0.023	1.842TyrGlu: 1.842 ± 0.031	1.424TyrPhe: 1.424 ± 0.025	1.789TyrGly: 1.789 ± 0.027	0.804TyrHis: 0.804 ± 0.018	1.7TyrIle: 1.7 ± 0.031	1.732TyrLys: 1.732 ± 0.026	2.973TyrLeu: 2.973 ± 0.042	0.696TyrMet: 0.696 ± 0.015	1.33TyrAsn: 1.33 ± 0.023	1.364TyrPro: 1.364 ± 0.026	1.336TyrGln: 1.336 ± 0.021	1.744TyrArg: 1.744 ± 0.024	2.417TyrSer: 2.417 ± 0.03	1.684TyrThr: 1.684 ± 0.034	1.817TyrVal: 1.817 ± 0.028	0.403TyrTrp: 0.403 ± 0.015	1.14TyrTyr: 1.14 ± 0.021	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.002XaaGly: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLys: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.002XaaPro: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.05XaaXaa: 0.05 ± 0.009

Statistics based on 7899 proteins (3087637 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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