Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Scophthalmus maximus (Turbot) (Psetta maxima)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.011AlaAla: 7.011 ± 0.045	1.33AlaCys: 1.33 ± 0.013	3.431AlaAsp: 3.431 ± 0.016	4.892AlaGlu: 4.892 ± 0.029	2.325AlaPhe: 2.325 ± 0.015	4.602AlaGly: 4.602 ± 0.026	1.577AlaHis: 1.577 ± 0.012	2.613AlaIle: 2.613 ± 0.015	3.437AlaLys: 3.437 ± 0.028	6.681AlaLeu: 6.681 ± 0.033	1.632AlaMet: 1.632 ± 0.012	2.22AlaAsn: 2.22 ± 0.015	3.768AlaPro: 3.768 ± 0.024	3.024AlaGln: 3.024 ± 0.019	3.417AlaArg: 3.417 ± 0.021	5.655AlaSer: 5.655 ± 0.027	3.672AlaThr: 3.672 ± 0.021	5.108AlaVal: 5.108 ± 0.025	0.676AlaTrp: 0.676 ± 0.008	1.466AlaTyr: 1.466 ± 0.012	0.003AlaXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Cys	1.262CysAla: 1.262 ± 0.013	0.655CysCys: 0.655 ± 0.009	1.172CysAsp: 1.172 ± 0.017	1.258CysGlu: 1.258 ± 0.015	0.852CysPhe: 0.852 ± 0.009	1.621CysGly: 1.621 ± 0.019	0.67CysHis: 0.67 ± 0.007	0.897CysIle: 0.897 ± 0.011	1.066CysLys: 1.066 ± 0.011	2.138CysLeu: 2.138 ± 0.017	0.468CysMet: 0.468 ± 0.007	0.798CysAsn: 0.798 ± 0.01	1.336CysPro: 1.336 ± 0.019	1.064CysGln: 1.064 ± 0.012	1.374CysArg: 1.374 ± 0.013	2.134CysSer: 2.134 ± 0.02	1.177CysThr: 1.177 ± 0.013	1.6CysVal: 1.6 ± 0.015	0.299CysTrp: 0.299 ± 0.005	0.587CysTyr: 0.587 ± 0.007	0.001CysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asp	3.26AspAla: 3.26 ± 0.018	1.159AspCys: 1.159 ± 0.016	3.321AspAsp: 3.321 ± 0.023	3.918AspGlu: 3.918 ± 0.023	2.099AspPhe: 2.099 ± 0.015	3.832AspGly: 3.832 ± 0.027	1.233AspHis: 1.233 ± 0.013	2.594AspIle: 2.594 ± 0.018	2.733AspLys: 2.733 ± 0.018	4.919AspLeu: 4.919 ± 0.023	1.359AspMet: 1.359 ± 0.013	1.948AspAsn: 1.948 ± 0.016	2.857AspPro: 2.857 ± 0.016	2.002AspGln: 2.002 ± 0.015	2.929AspArg: 2.929 ± 0.02	4.5AspSer: 4.5 ± 0.024	2.747AspThr: 2.747 ± 0.015	3.546AspVal: 3.546 ± 0.022	0.688AspTrp: 0.688 ± 0.008	1.518AspTyr: 1.518 ± 0.013	0.002AspXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Glu	4.88GluAla: 4.88 ± 0.029	1.226GluCys: 1.226 ± 0.015	4.437GluAsp: 4.437 ± 0.023	8.015GluGlu: 8.015 ± 0.065	1.923GluPhe: 1.923 ± 0.012	4.199GluGly: 4.199 ± 0.026	1.493GluHis: 1.493 ± 0.011	2.733GluIle: 2.733 ± 0.023	4.539GluLys: 4.539 ± 0.038	6.21GluLeu: 6.21 ± 0.042	1.769GluMet: 1.769 ± 0.013	2.628GluAsn: 2.628 ± 0.017	2.875GluPro: 2.875 ± 0.024	3.189GluGln: 3.189 ± 0.028	4.507GluArg: 4.507 ± 0.033	4.443GluSer: 4.443 ± 0.021	3.493GluThr: 3.493 ± 0.024	4.391GluVal: 4.391 ± 0.027	0.675GluTrp: 0.675 ± 0.007	1.527GluTyr: 1.527 ± 0.017	0.002GluXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Phe	1.938PheAla: 1.938 ± 0.015	0.883PheCys: 0.883 ± 0.01	1.772PheAsp: 1.772 ± 0.012	1.828PheGlu: 1.828 ± 0.013	1.522PhePhe: 1.522 ± 0.015	2.166PheGly: 2.166 ± 0.019	1.016PheHis: 1.016 ± 0.01	1.771PheIle: 1.771 ± 0.014	1.728PheLys: 1.728 ± 0.015	3.663PheLeu: 3.663 ± 0.021	0.801PheMet: 0.801 ± 0.008	1.435PheAsn: 1.435 ± 0.012	1.777PhePro: 1.777 ± 0.014	1.542PheGln: 1.542 ± 0.013	1.868PheArg: 1.868 ± 0.016	3.274PheSer: 3.274 ± 0.018	2.205PheThr: 2.205 ± 0.015	2.216PheVal: 2.216 ± 0.015	0.447PheTrp: 0.447 ± 0.007	1.141PheTyr: 1.141 ± 0.01	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.314GlyAla: 4.314 ± 0.025	1.319GlyCys: 1.319 ± 0.014	3.44GlyAsp: 3.44 ± 0.018	4.143GlyGlu: 4.143 ± 0.021	2.38GlyPhe: 2.38 ± 0.019	5.77GlyGly: 5.77 ± 0.043	1.753GlyHis: 1.753 ± 0.014	2.467GlyIle: 2.467 ± 0.017	3.492GlyLys: 3.492 ± 0.021	5.525GlyLeu: 5.525 ± 0.027	1.449GlyMet: 1.449 ± 0.014	2.443GlyAsn: 2.443 ± 0.019	3.262GlyPro: 3.262 ± 0.026	2.809GlyGln: 2.809 ± 0.02	3.952GlyArg: 3.952 ± 0.021	5.802GlySer: 5.802 ± 0.029	3.386GlyThr: 3.386 ± 0.023	4.089GlyVal: 4.089 ± 0.02	0.765GlyTrp: 0.765 ± 0.009	1.781GlyTyr: 1.781 ± 0.015	0.003GlyXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
His	1.435HisAla: 1.435 ± 0.013	0.758HisCys: 0.758 ± 0.011	1.046HisAsp: 1.046 ± 0.008	1.222HisGlu: 1.222 ± 0.011	1.032HisPhe: 1.032 ± 0.009	1.662HisGly: 1.662 ± 0.013	1.101HisHis: 1.101 ± 0.016	1.257HisIle: 1.257 ± 0.011	1.278HisLys: 1.278 ± 0.011	2.692HisLeu: 2.692 ± 0.017	0.684HisMet: 0.684 ± 0.008	1.04HisAsn: 1.04 ± 0.01	1.567HisPro: 1.567 ± 0.015	1.296HisGln: 1.296 ± 0.012	1.772HisArg: 1.772 ± 0.014	2.443HisSer: 2.443 ± 0.018	1.625HisThr: 1.625 ± 0.014	1.545HisVal: 1.545 ± 0.011	0.348HisTrp: 0.348 ± 0.006	0.835HisTyr: 0.835 ± 0.009	0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile	2.451IleAla: 2.451 ± 0.015	0.985IleCys: 0.985 ± 0.011	2.054IleAsp: 2.054 ± 0.015	2.282IleGlu: 2.282 ± 0.02	1.652IlePhe: 1.652 ± 0.015	2.22IleGly: 2.22 ± 0.015	1.214IleHis: 1.214 ± 0.011	2.186IleIle: 2.186 ± 0.02	2.352IleLys: 2.352 ± 0.022	3.992IleLeu: 3.992 ± 0.02	1.013IleMet: 1.013 ± 0.009	1.815IleAsn: 1.815 ± 0.013	2.327IlePro: 2.327 ± 0.016	2.086IleGln: 2.086 ± 0.015	2.366IleArg: 2.366 ± 0.016	3.545IleSer: 3.545 ± 0.02	2.632IleThr: 2.632 ± 0.025	2.493IleVal: 2.493 ± 0.019	0.443IleTrp: 0.443 ± 0.006	1.248IleTyr: 1.248 ± 0.011	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	3.665LysAla: 3.665 ± 0.025	1.007LysCys: 1.007 ± 0.011	3.171LysAsp: 3.171 ± 0.026	4.599LysGlu: 4.599 ± 0.041	1.523LysPhe: 1.523 ± 0.014	3.034LysGly: 3.034 ± 0.018	1.367LysHis: 1.367 ± 0.012	2.345LysIle: 2.345 ± 0.019	4.336LysLys: 4.336 ± 0.039	4.787LysLeu: 4.787 ± 0.029	1.496LysMet: 1.496 ± 0.013	2.095LysAsn: 2.095 ± 0.016	2.83LysPro: 2.83 ± 0.025	2.452LysGln: 2.452 ± 0.02	3.494LysArg: 3.494 ± 0.021	3.769LysSer: 3.769 ± 0.023	3.144LysThr: 3.144 ± 0.018	3.44LysVal: 3.44 ± 0.027	0.55LysTrp: 0.55 ± 0.009	1.41LysTyr: 1.41 ± 0.017	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.151LeuAla: 6.151 ± 0.027	2.259LeuCys: 2.259 ± 0.02	4.919LeuAsp: 4.919 ± 0.023	6.307LeuGlu: 6.307 ± 0.042	3.285LeuPhe: 3.285 ± 0.019	5.207LeuGly: 5.207 ± 0.024	2.776LeuHis: 2.776 ± 0.016	3.566LeuIle: 3.566 ± 0.017	5.327LeuLys: 5.327 ± 0.028	10.051LeuLeu: 10.051 ± 0.05	2.116LeuMet: 2.116 ± 0.015	3.449LeuAsn: 3.449 ± 0.016	5.267LeuPro: 5.267 ± 0.027	5.43LeuGln: 5.43 ± 0.038	5.87LeuArg: 5.87 ± 0.034	8.339LeuSer: 8.339 ± 0.033	5.267LeuThr: 5.267 ± 0.023	5.565LeuVal: 5.565 ± 0.028	1.072LeuTrp: 1.072 ± 0.011	2.512LeuTyr: 2.512 ± 0.019	0.002LeuXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Met	1.97MetAla: 1.97 ± 0.013	0.483MetCys: 0.483 ± 0.007	1.484MetAsp: 1.484 ± 0.011	2.017MetGlu: 2.017 ± 0.015	0.84MetPhe: 0.84 ± 0.009	1.438MetGly: 1.438 ± 0.014	0.48MetHis: 0.48 ± 0.006	0.847MetIle: 0.847 ± 0.009	1.456MetLys: 1.456 ± 0.013	2.08MetLeu: 2.08 ± 0.016	0.706MetMet: 0.706 ± 0.009	0.887MetAsn: 0.887 ± 0.01	1.086MetPro: 1.086 ± 0.012	0.99MetGln: 0.99 ± 0.01	1.229MetArg: 1.229 ± 0.01	1.942MetSer: 1.942 ± 0.014	1.32MetThr: 1.32 ± 0.012	1.565MetVal: 1.565 ± 0.015	0.266MetTrp: 0.266 ± 0.005	0.614MetTyr: 0.614 ± 0.008	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.174AsnAla: 2.174 ± 0.014	0.848AsnCys: 0.848 ± 0.01	1.649AsnAsp: 1.649 ± 0.015	1.975AsnGlu: 1.975 ± 0.014	1.339AsnPhe: 1.339 ± 0.012	2.657AsnGly: 2.657 ± 0.026	0.981AsnHis: 0.981 ± 0.009	2.01AsnIle: 2.01 ± 0.015	2.13AsnLys: 2.13 ± 0.015	3.478AsnLeu: 3.478 ± 0.019	1.048AsnMet: 1.048 ± 0.011	1.74AsnAsn: 1.74 ± 0.016	2.128AsnPro: 2.128 ± 0.015	1.694AsnGln: 1.694 ± 0.015	2.018AsnArg: 2.018 ± 0.013	3.09AsnSer: 3.09 ± 0.018	2.198AsnThr: 2.198 ± 0.014	2.309AsnVal: 2.309 ± 0.016	0.429AsnTrp: 0.429 ± 0.006	1.087AsnTyr: 1.087 ± 0.011	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.396ProAla: 4.396 ± 0.028	1.112ProCys: 1.112 ± 0.015	2.985ProAsp: 2.985 ± 0.017	3.808ProGlu: 3.808 ± 0.021	1.748ProPhe: 1.748 ± 0.013	3.963ProGly: 3.963 ± 0.028	1.53ProHis: 1.53 ± 0.015	1.766ProIle: 1.766 ± 0.016	2.436ProLys: 2.436 ± 0.025	4.922ProLeu: 4.922 ± 0.026	1.036ProMet: 1.036 ± 0.011	1.823ProAsn: 1.823 ± 0.015	5.507ProPro: 5.507 ± 0.05	2.644ProGln: 2.644 ± 0.021	2.969ProArg: 2.969 ± 0.019	5.516ProSer: 5.516 ± 0.031	3.138ProThr: 3.138 ± 0.021	3.882ProVal: 3.882 ± 0.022	0.552ProTrp: 0.552 ± 0.007	1.359ProTyr: 1.359 ± 0.012	0.003ProXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Gln	3.229GlnAla: 3.229 ± 0.023	0.991GlnCys: 0.991 ± 0.013	2.312GlnAsp: 2.312 ± 0.015	3.486GlnGlu: 3.486 ± 0.028	1.347GlnPhe: 1.347 ± 0.011	2.73GlnGly: 2.73 ± 0.018	1.402GlnHis: 1.402 ± 0.013	1.838GlnIle: 1.838 ± 0.012	2.467GlnLys: 2.467 ± 0.018	4.531GlnLeu: 4.531 ± 0.03	1.177GlnMet: 1.177 ± 0.013	1.681GlnAsn: 1.681 ± 0.012	2.579GlnPro: 2.579 ± 0.022	3.435GlnGln: 3.435 ± 0.05	3.293GlnArg: 3.293 ± 0.022	3.548GlnSer: 3.548 ± 0.023	2.647GlnThr: 2.647 ± 0.018	2.786GlnVal: 2.786 ± 0.019	0.548GlnTrp: 0.548 ± 0.008	1.172GlnTyr: 1.172 ± 0.01	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.811ArgAla: 3.811 ± 0.021	1.366ArgCys: 1.366 ± 0.017	3.121ArgAsp: 3.121 ± 0.018	4.174ArgGlu: 4.174 ± 0.028	1.959ArgPhe: 1.959 ± 0.014	3.824ArgGly: 3.824 ± 0.026	1.684ArgHis: 1.684 ± 0.013	2.319ArgIle: 2.319 ± 0.015	3.555ArgLys: 3.555 ± 0.022	5.553ArgLeu: 5.553 ± 0.029	1.341ArgMet: 1.341 ± 0.012	2.094ArgAsn: 2.094 ± 0.013	3.191ArgPro: 3.191 ± 0.021	2.828ArgGln: 2.828 ± 0.019	4.948ArgArg: 4.948 ± 0.032	4.776ArgSer: 4.776 ± 0.029	3.087ArgThr: 3.087 ± 0.016	3.561ArgVal: 3.561 ± 0.026	0.699ArgTrp: 0.699 ± 0.007	1.54ArgTyr: 1.54 ± 0.012	0.002ArgXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Ser	5.91SerAla: 5.91 ± 0.022	1.992SerCys: 1.992 ± 0.017	4.478SerAsp: 4.478 ± 0.025	4.946SerGlu: 4.946 ± 0.025	2.99SerPhe: 2.99 ± 0.017	5.709SerGly: 5.709 ± 0.026	2.274SerHis: 2.274 ± 0.018	3.145SerIle: 3.145 ± 0.019	3.854SerLys: 3.854 ± 0.024	8.24SerLeu: 8.24 ± 0.03	1.791SerMet: 1.791 ± 0.014	2.851SerAsn: 2.851 ± 0.016	6.049SerPro: 6.049 ± 0.038	3.806SerGln: 3.806 ± 0.023	4.761SerArg: 4.761 ± 0.024	10.275SerSer: 10.275 ± 0.063	4.742SerThr: 4.742 ± 0.027	5.626SerVal: 5.626 ± 0.026	0.988SerTrp: 0.988 ± 0.01	2.09SerTyr: 2.09 ± 0.014	0.003SerXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Thr	4.171ThrAla: 4.171 ± 0.024	1.387ThrCys: 1.387 ± 0.019	3.004ThrAsp: 3.004 ± 0.021	3.779ThrGlu: 3.779 ± 0.023	2.04ThrPhe: 2.04 ± 0.015	3.768ThrGly: 3.768 ± 0.022	1.423ThrHis: 1.423 ± 0.012	2.307ThrIle: 2.307 ± 0.017	2.634ThrLys: 2.634 ± 0.023	5.371ThrLeu: 5.371 ± 0.019	1.255ThrMet: 1.255 ± 0.01	1.911ThrAsn: 1.911 ± 0.014	3.609ThrPro: 3.609 ± 0.02	2.383ThrGln: 2.383 ± 0.016	2.72ThrArg: 2.72 ± 0.017	4.872ThrSer: 4.872 ± 0.024	3.443ThrThr: 3.443 ± 0.028	4.263ThrVal: 4.263 ± 0.031	0.665ThrTrp: 0.665 ± 0.009	1.373ThrTyr: 1.373 ± 0.011	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.448ValAla: 4.448 ± 0.023	1.744ValCys: 1.744 ± 0.018	3.364ValAsp: 3.364 ± 0.018	4.218ValGlu: 4.218 ± 0.03	2.582ValPhe: 2.582 ± 0.017	3.666ValGly: 3.666 ± 0.019	1.624ValHis: 1.624 ± 0.012	2.848ValIle: 2.848 ± 0.022	3.611ValLys: 3.611 ± 0.03	6.226ValLeu: 6.226 ± 0.033	1.569ValMet: 1.569 ± 0.012	2.496ValAsn: 2.496 ± 0.017	3.382ValPro: 3.382 ± 0.02	2.823ValGln: 2.823 ± 0.019	3.493ValArg: 3.493 ± 0.018	5.412ValSer: 5.412 ± 0.027	4.147ValThr: 4.147 ± 0.036	4.601ValVal: 4.601 ± 0.026	0.782ValTrp: 0.782 ± 0.01	1.793ValTyr: 1.793 ± 0.014	0.002ValXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Trp	0.676TrpAla: 0.676 ± 0.008	0.243TrpCys: 0.243 ± 0.004	0.651TrpAsp: 0.651 ± 0.007	0.734TrpGlu: 0.734 ± 0.008	0.45TrpPhe: 0.45 ± 0.007	0.635TrpGly: 0.635 ± 0.009	0.266TrpHis: 0.266 ± 0.005	0.516TrpIle: 0.516 ± 0.007	0.688TrpLys: 0.688 ± 0.008	1.169TrpLeu: 1.169 ± 0.012	0.339TrpMet: 0.339 ± 0.005	0.49TrpAsn: 0.49 ± 0.006	0.434TrpPro: 0.434 ± 0.006	0.481TrpGln: 0.481 ± 0.007	0.782TrpArg: 0.782 ± 0.009	0.954TrpSer: 0.954 ± 0.01	0.737TrpThr: 0.737 ± 0.01	0.685TrpVal: 0.685 ± 0.008	0.187TrpTrp: 0.187 ± 0.004	0.329TrpTyr: 0.329 ± 0.006	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.387TyrAla: 1.387 ± 0.012	0.68TyrCys: 0.68 ± 0.008	1.352TyrAsp: 1.352 ± 0.011	1.55TyrGlu: 1.55 ± 0.013	1.104TyrPhe: 1.104 ± 0.011	1.636TyrGly: 1.636 ± 0.014	0.777TyrHis: 0.777 ± 0.01	1.33TyrIle: 1.33 ± 0.013	1.393TyrLys: 1.393 ± 0.019	2.507TyrLeu: 2.507 ± 0.017	0.653TyrMet: 0.653 ± 0.007	1.138TyrAsn: 1.138 ± 0.01	1.262TyrPro: 1.262 ± 0.012	1.219TyrGln: 1.219 ± 0.011	1.667TyrArg: 1.667 ± 0.017	2.228TyrSer: 2.228 ± 0.016	1.572TyrThr: 1.572 ± 0.014	1.559TyrVal: 1.559 ± 0.012	0.366TyrTrp: 0.366 ± 0.007	0.925TyrTyr: 0.925 ± 0.01	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.003XaaAla: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.003XaaGly: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLys: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaLeu: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaPro: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaArg: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.003XaaSer: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaVal: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.205XaaXaa: 0.205 ± 0.04

Statistics based on 24929 proteins (14009638 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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