Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Carrot)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.076AlaAla: 6.076 ± 0.036	1.204AlaCys: 1.204 ± 0.011	3.304AlaAsp: 3.304 ± 0.02	4.263AlaGlu: 4.263 ± 0.024	2.674AlaPhe: 2.674 ± 0.016	4.097AlaGly: 4.097 ± 0.023	1.3AlaHis: 1.3 ± 0.02	3.685AlaIle: 3.685 ± 0.019	3.885AlaLys: 3.885 ± 0.022	6.342AlaLeu: 6.342 ± 0.029	1.707AlaMet: 1.707 ± 0.012	2.673AlaAsn: 2.673 ± 0.015	2.818AlaPro: 2.818 ± 0.021	2.125AlaGln: 2.125 ± 0.015	3.248AlaArg: 3.248 ± 0.019	5.844AlaSer: 5.844 ± 0.025	3.596AlaThr: 3.596 ± 0.018	4.758AlaVal: 4.758 ± 0.023	0.734AlaTrp: 0.734 ± 0.009	1.851AlaTyr: 1.851 ± 0.013	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.005CysAla: 1.005 ± 0.009	0.499CysCys: 0.499 ± 0.007	0.918CysAsp: 0.918 ± 0.01	0.92CysGlu: 0.92 ± 0.011	0.873CysPhe: 0.873 ± 0.008	1.346CysGly: 1.346 ± 0.014	0.43CysHis: 0.43 ± 0.007	1.038CysIle: 1.038 ± 0.011	1.135CysLys: 1.135 ± 0.012	1.827CysLeu: 1.827 ± 0.013	0.442CysMet: 0.442 ± 0.006	0.919CysAsn: 0.919 ± 0.009	0.867CysPro: 0.867 ± 0.01	0.597CysGln: 0.597 ± 0.007	1.006CysArg: 1.006 ± 0.01	1.791CysSer: 1.791 ± 0.014	0.915CysThr: 0.915 ± 0.009	1.086CysVal: 1.086 ± 0.009	0.231CysTrp: 0.231 ± 0.005	0.573CysTyr: 0.573 ± 0.007	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.434AspAla: 3.434 ± 0.019	0.979AspCys: 0.979 ± 0.01	3.821AspAsp: 3.821 ± 0.024	4.174AspGlu: 4.174 ± 0.023	2.367AspPhe: 2.367 ± 0.016	3.724AspGly: 3.724 ± 0.02	1.297AspHis: 1.297 ± 0.009	3.322AspIle: 3.322 ± 0.017	2.98AspLys: 2.98 ± 0.016	5.113AspLeu: 5.113 ± 0.024	1.464AspMet: 1.464 ± 0.011	2.326AspAsn: 2.326 ± 0.015	2.528AspPro: 2.528 ± 0.015	1.897AspGln: 1.897 ± 0.012	2.36AspArg: 2.36 ± 0.016	4.411AspSer: 4.411 ± 0.023	2.422AspThr: 2.422 ± 0.014	3.768AspVal: 3.768 ± 0.02	0.698AspTrp: 0.698 ± 0.008	1.707AspTyr: 1.707 ± 0.013	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	4.698GluAla: 4.698 ± 0.028	0.935GluCys: 0.935 ± 0.01	4.091GluAsp: 4.091 ± 0.023	5.864GluGlu: 5.864 ± 0.035	2.421GluPhe: 2.421 ± 0.015	3.617GluGly: 3.617 ± 0.018	1.295GluHis: 1.295 ± 0.011	3.76GluIle: 3.76 ± 0.019	4.801GluLys: 4.801 ± 0.028	5.873GluLeu: 5.873 ± 0.031	1.802GluMet: 1.802 ± 0.014	3.243GluAsn: 3.243 ± 0.021	2.039GluPro: 2.039 ± 0.015	2.161GluGln: 2.161 ± 0.018	3.175GluArg: 3.175 ± 0.021	4.618GluSer: 4.618 ± 0.021	3.094GluThr: 3.094 ± 0.017	4.28GluVal: 4.28 ± 0.022	0.718GluTrp: 0.718 ± 0.007	1.752GluTyr: 1.752 ± 0.012	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.464PheAla: 2.464 ± 0.015	0.879PheCys: 0.879 ± 0.009	2.424PheAsp: 2.424 ± 0.015	2.335PheGlu: 2.335 ± 0.015	1.841PhePhe: 1.841 ± 0.015	2.984PheGly: 2.984 ± 0.02	1.041PheHis: 1.041 ± 0.008	2.089PheIle: 2.089 ± 0.015	2.202PheLys: 2.202 ± 0.013	4.1PheLeu: 4.1 ± 0.024	0.981PheMet: 0.981 ± 0.009	1.827PheAsn: 1.827 ± 0.013	2.004PhePro: 2.004 ± 0.016	1.522PheGln: 1.522 ± 0.01	2.025PheArg: 2.025 ± 0.015	4.01PheSer: 4.01 ± 0.022	2.08PheThr: 2.08 ± 0.015	2.818PheVal: 2.818 ± 0.016	0.541PheTrp: 0.541 ± 0.007	1.332PheTyr: 1.332 ± 0.013	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	3.836GlyAla: 3.836 ± 0.021	1.233GlyCys: 1.233 ± 0.011	3.486GlyAsp: 3.486 ± 0.017	3.663GlyGlu: 3.663 ± 0.023	3.011GlyPhe: 3.011 ± 0.017	5.324GlyGly: 5.324 ± 0.059	1.5GlyHis: 1.5 ± 0.011	3.577GlyIle: 3.577 ± 0.019	4.161GlyLys: 4.161 ± 0.02	5.821GlyLeu: 5.821 ± 0.025	1.541GlyMet: 1.541 ± 0.013	3.209GlyAsn: 3.209 ± 0.02	2.367GlyPro: 2.367 ± 0.02	2.066GlyGln: 2.066 ± 0.016	3.442GlyArg: 3.442 ± 0.021	5.93GlySer: 5.93 ± 0.027	3.3GlyThr: 3.3 ± 0.018	4.246GlyVal: 4.246 ± 0.022	0.879GlyTrp: 0.879 ± 0.009	2.083GlyTyr: 2.083 ± 0.017	0.002GlyXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
His	1.353HisAla: 1.353 ± 0.009	0.479HisCys: 0.479 ± 0.006	1.182HisAsp: 1.182 ± 0.008	1.265HisGlu: 1.265 ± 0.01	1.033HisPhe: 1.033 ± 0.009	1.599HisGly: 1.599 ± 0.015	0.867HisHis: 0.867 ± 0.011	1.268HisIle: 1.268 ± 0.009	1.266HisLys: 1.266 ± 0.013	2.342HisLeu: 2.342 ± 0.013	0.576HisMet: 0.576 ± 0.007	1.026HisAsn: 1.026 ± 0.009	1.328HisPro: 1.328 ± 0.026	1.013HisGln: 1.013 ± 0.01	1.268HisArg: 1.268 ± 0.01	1.94HisSer: 1.94 ± 0.012	1.024HisThr: 1.024 ± 0.01	1.547HisVal: 1.547 ± 0.01	0.295HisTrp: 0.295 ± 0.005	0.731HisTyr: 0.731 ± 0.008	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.529IleAla: 3.529 ± 0.019	1.14IleCys: 1.14 ± 0.01	3.015IleAsp: 3.015 ± 0.017	3.187IleGlu: 3.187 ± 0.02	2.307IlePhe: 2.307 ± 0.017	3.369IleGly: 3.369 ± 0.018	1.302IleHis: 1.302 ± 0.011	2.987IleIle: 2.987 ± 0.016	3.117IleLys: 3.117 ± 0.018	5.284IleLeu: 5.284 ± 0.026	1.226IleMet: 1.226 ± 0.011	2.388IleAsn: 2.388 ± 0.016	2.997IlePro: 2.997 ± 0.021	2.047IleGln: 2.047 ± 0.012	2.675IleArg: 2.675 ± 0.014	5.083IleSer: 5.083 ± 0.023	2.764IleThr: 2.764 ± 0.015	3.579IleVal: 3.579 ± 0.022	0.7IleTrp: 0.7 ± 0.009	1.652IleTyr: 1.652 ± 0.012	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	4.048LysAla: 4.048 ± 0.02	1.025LysCys: 1.025 ± 0.012	3.479LysAsp: 3.479 ± 0.019	4.523LysGlu: 4.523 ± 0.028	2.351LysPhe: 2.351 ± 0.014	3.616LysGly: 3.616 ± 0.019	1.393LysHis: 1.393 ± 0.011	3.423LysIle: 3.423 ± 0.018	5.034LysLys: 5.034 ± 0.033	6.098LysLeu: 6.098 ± 0.026	1.563LysMet: 1.563 ± 0.012	3.0LysAsn: 3.0 ± 0.017	2.697LysPro: 2.697 ± 0.017	2.336LysGln: 2.336 ± 0.016	3.55LysArg: 3.55 ± 0.021	4.878LysSer: 4.878 ± 0.023	2.997LysThr: 2.997 ± 0.016	3.931LysVal: 3.931 ± 0.016	0.783LysTrp: 0.783 ± 0.008	1.778LysTyr: 1.778 ± 0.013	0.002LysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Leu	6.318LeuAla: 6.318 ± 0.027	1.775LeuCys: 1.775 ± 0.014	5.102LeuAsp: 5.102 ± 0.025	6.131LeuGlu: 6.131 ± 0.029	3.749LeuPhe: 3.749 ± 0.022	5.668LeuGly: 5.668 ± 0.027	2.481LeuHis: 2.481 ± 0.017	4.73LeuIle: 4.73 ± 0.024	6.191LeuLys: 6.191 ± 0.027	9.392LeuLeu: 9.392 ± 0.037	2.175LeuMet: 2.175 ± 0.014	4.135LeuAsn: 4.135 ± 0.019	5.013LeuPro: 5.013 ± 0.023	4.161LeuGln: 4.161 ± 0.023	5.013LeuArg: 5.013 ± 0.021	8.461LeuSer: 8.461 ± 0.037	4.403LeuThr: 4.403 ± 0.021	6.345LeuVal: 6.345 ± 0.027	1.088LeuTrp: 1.088 ± 0.011	2.602LeuTyr: 2.602 ± 0.016	0.002LeuXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Met	2.0MetAla: 2.0 ± 0.013	0.335MetCys: 0.335 ± 0.005	1.479MetAsp: 1.479 ± 0.011	1.899MetGlu: 1.899 ± 0.015	0.893MetPhe: 0.893 ± 0.01	1.577MetGly: 1.577 ± 0.012	0.564MetHis: 0.564 ± 0.008	1.308MetIle: 1.308 ± 0.01	1.685MetLys: 1.685 ± 0.012	2.219MetLeu: 2.219 ± 0.016	0.708MetMet: 0.708 ± 0.009	1.149MetAsn: 1.149 ± 0.009	1.06MetPro: 1.06 ± 0.011	0.98MetGln: 0.98 ± 0.01	1.172MetArg: 1.172 ± 0.01	1.91MetSer: 1.91 ± 0.013	1.117MetThr: 1.117 ± 0.009	1.648MetVal: 1.648 ± 0.012	0.268MetTrp: 0.268 ± 0.004	0.652MetTyr: 0.652 ± 0.008	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.745AsnAla: 2.745 ± 0.016	0.918AsnCys: 0.918 ± 0.009	2.256AsnAsp: 2.256 ± 0.016	2.617AsnGlu: 2.617 ± 0.018	2.062AsnPhe: 2.062 ± 0.012	3.199AsnGly: 3.199 ± 0.024	1.145AsnHis: 1.145 ± 0.01	2.75AsnIle: 2.75 ± 0.016	2.64AsnLys: 2.64 ± 0.017	4.813AsnLeu: 4.813 ± 0.029	1.246AsnMet: 1.246 ± 0.01	2.5AsnAsn: 2.5 ± 0.019	2.299AsnPro: 2.299 ± 0.014	1.812AsnGln: 1.812 ± 0.014	2.052AsnArg: 2.052 ± 0.012	4.178AsnSer: 4.178 ± 0.024	2.191AsnThr: 2.191 ± 0.015	3.064AsnVal: 3.064 ± 0.017	0.572AsnTrp: 0.572 ± 0.006	1.468AsnTyr: 1.468 ± 0.011	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.066ProAla: 3.066 ± 0.026	0.753ProCys: 0.753 ± 0.008	2.537ProAsp: 2.537 ± 0.015	3.079ProGlu: 3.079 ± 0.019	1.904ProPhe: 1.904 ± 0.014	2.764ProGly: 2.764 ± 0.019	1.099ProHis: 1.099 ± 0.011	2.264ProIle: 2.264 ± 0.014	2.71ProLys: 2.71 ± 0.015	4.173ProLeu: 4.173 ± 0.021	0.952ProMet: 0.952 ± 0.01	2.208ProAsn: 2.208 ± 0.014	3.8ProPro: 3.8 ± 0.077	1.822ProGln: 1.822 ± 0.017	2.313ProArg: 2.313 ± 0.016	4.917ProSer: 4.917 ± 0.058	2.538ProThr: 2.538 ± 0.017	3.328ProVal: 3.328 ± 0.02	0.584ProTrp: 0.584 ± 0.008	1.345ProTyr: 1.345 ± 0.013	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	2.403GlnAla: 2.403 ± 0.016	0.586GlnCys: 0.586 ± 0.007	1.77GlnAsp: 1.77 ± 0.013	2.429GlnGlu: 2.429 ± 0.019	1.416GlnPhe: 1.416 ± 0.011	2.139GlnGly: 2.139 ± 0.015	0.927GlnHis: 0.927 ± 0.009	2.049GlnIle: 2.049 ± 0.011	2.389GlnLys: 2.389 ± 0.017	3.57GlnLeu: 3.57 ± 0.021	0.98GlnMet: 0.98 ± 0.009	1.889GlnAsn: 1.889 ± 0.012	1.712GlnPro: 1.712 ± 0.017	1.989GlnGln: 1.989 ± 0.024	1.946GlnArg: 1.946 ± 0.015	2.901GlnSer: 2.901 ± 0.016	1.814GlnThr: 1.814 ± 0.011	2.431GlnVal: 2.431 ± 0.013	0.429GlnTrp: 0.429 ± 0.006	1.005GlnTyr: 1.005 ± 0.01	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.108ArgAla: 3.108 ± 0.016	0.928ArgCys: 0.928 ± 0.01	2.614ArgAsp: 2.614 ± 0.015	3.133ArgGlu: 3.133 ± 0.019	2.1ArgPhe: 2.1 ± 0.013	3.171ArgGly: 3.171 ± 0.02	1.191ArgHis: 1.191 ± 0.01	2.835ArgIle: 2.835 ± 0.016	3.778ArgLys: 3.778 ± 0.022	4.681ArgLeu: 4.681 ± 0.023	1.295ArgMet: 1.295 ± 0.011	2.511ArgAsn: 2.511 ± 0.014	2.237ArgPro: 2.237 ± 0.015	1.773ArgGln: 1.773 ± 0.013	3.611ArgArg: 3.611 ± 0.022	4.233ArgSer: 4.233 ± 0.023	2.421ArgThr: 2.421 ± 0.013	3.263ArgVal: 3.263 ± 0.019	0.674ArgTrp: 0.674 ± 0.008	1.455ArgTyr: 1.455 ± 0.011	0.002ArgXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Ser	5.388SerAla: 5.388 ± 0.022	1.732SerCys: 1.732 ± 0.013	4.608SerAsp: 4.608 ± 0.021	4.942SerGlu: 4.942 ± 0.025	3.881SerPhe: 3.881 ± 0.019	6.12SerGly: 6.12 ± 0.027	1.966SerHis: 1.966 ± 0.013	4.517SerIle: 4.517 ± 0.022	4.965SerLys: 4.965 ± 0.025	8.435SerLeu: 8.435 ± 0.034	2.037SerMet: 2.037 ± 0.013	4.197SerAsn: 4.197 ± 0.024	4.612SerPro: 4.612 ± 0.053	3.001SerGln: 3.001 ± 0.019	4.419SerArg: 4.419 ± 0.02	10.656SerSer: 10.656 ± 0.054	4.87SerThr: 4.87 ± 0.024	5.48SerVal: 5.48 ± 0.024	1.144SerTrp: 1.144 ± 0.012	2.448SerTyr: 2.448 ± 0.014	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	3.392ThrAla: 3.392 ± 0.016	0.965ThrCys: 0.965 ± 0.009	2.497ThrAsp: 2.497 ± 0.015	2.94ThrGlu: 2.94 ± 0.019	2.056ThrPhe: 2.056 ± 0.013	3.371ThrGly: 3.371 ± 0.019	1.041ThrHis: 1.041 ± 0.011	2.826ThrIle: 2.826 ± 0.017	2.815ThrLys: 2.815 ± 0.017	4.618ThrLeu: 4.618 ± 0.021	1.169ThrMet: 1.169 ± 0.008	2.289ThrAsn: 2.289 ± 0.014	2.687ThrPro: 2.687 ± 0.019	1.597ThrGln: 1.597 ± 0.013	2.454ThrArg: 2.454 ± 0.014	4.789ThrSer: 4.789 ± 0.026	3.017ThrThr: 3.017 ± 0.017	3.389ThrVal: 3.389 ± 0.02	0.628ThrTrp: 0.628 ± 0.007	1.486ThrTyr: 1.486 ± 0.01	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.761ValAla: 4.761 ± 0.024	1.184ValCys: 1.184 ± 0.01	3.872ValAsp: 3.872 ± 0.019	4.509ValGlu: 4.509 ± 0.024	2.716ValPhe: 2.716 ± 0.017	4.106ValGly: 4.106 ± 0.021	1.563ValHis: 1.563 ± 0.01	3.609ValIle: 3.609 ± 0.02	4.111ValLys: 4.111 ± 0.017	6.305ValLeu: 6.305 ± 0.028	1.614ValMet: 1.614 ± 0.012	2.813ValAsn: 2.813 ± 0.016	3.308ValPro: 3.308 ± 0.018	2.406ValGln: 2.406 ± 0.015	3.056ValArg: 3.056 ± 0.016	5.493ValSer: 5.493 ± 0.024	3.36ValThr: 3.36 ± 0.02	5.032ValVal: 5.032 ± 0.025	0.769ValTrp: 0.769 ± 0.009	2.041ValTyr: 2.041 ± 0.014	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.737TrpAla: 0.737 ± 0.008	0.232TrpCys: 0.232 ± 0.005	0.69TrpAsp: 0.69 ± 0.008	0.72TrpGlu: 0.72 ± 0.008	0.528TrpPhe: 0.528 ± 0.007	0.719TrpGly: 0.719 ± 0.009	0.266TrpHis: 0.266 ± 0.005	0.717TrpIle: 0.717 ± 0.007	0.926TrpLys: 0.926 ± 0.01	1.175TrpLeu: 1.175 ± 0.01	0.327TrpMet: 0.327 ± 0.006	0.713TrpAsn: 0.713 ± 0.009	0.481TrpPro: 0.481 ± 0.007	0.437TrpGln: 0.437 ± 0.006	0.775TrpArg: 0.775 ± 0.008	0.942TrpSer: 0.942 ± 0.01	0.657TrpThr: 0.657 ± 0.008	0.751TrpVal: 0.751 ± 0.008	0.222TrpTrp: 0.222 ± 0.005	0.36TrpTyr: 0.36 ± 0.006	0.001TrpXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.822TyrAla: 1.822 ± 0.015	0.638TyrCys: 0.638 ± 0.007	1.648TyrAsp: 1.648 ± 0.012	1.643TyrGlu: 1.643 ± 0.013	1.318TyrPhe: 1.318 ± 0.012	2.169TyrGly: 2.169 ± 0.018	0.734TyrHis: 0.734 ± 0.008	1.596TyrIle: 1.596 ± 0.012	1.71TyrLys: 1.71 ± 0.013	2.751TyrLeu: 2.751 ± 0.017	0.816TyrMet: 0.816 ± 0.009	1.512TyrAsn: 1.512 ± 0.012	1.306TyrPro: 1.306 ± 0.013	1.029TyrGln: 1.029 ± 0.008	1.451TyrArg: 1.451 ± 0.012	2.432TyrSer: 2.432 ± 0.016	1.445TyrThr: 1.445 ± 0.013	1.884TyrVal: 1.884 ± 0.015	0.417TyrTrp: 0.417 ± 0.006	1.069TyrTyr: 1.069 ± 0.011	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.001XaaAla: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaGly: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaLys: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaLeu: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaSer: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.037XaaXaa: 0.037 ± 0.011

Statistics based on 31771 proteins (12603374 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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