Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) (Anas boschas)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.808AlaAla: 6.808 ± 0.051	1.541AlaCys: 1.541 ± 0.017	2.987AlaAsp: 2.987 ± 0.022	4.737AlaGlu: 4.737 ± 0.033	2.657AlaPhe: 2.657 ± 0.025	4.634AlaGly: 4.634 ± 0.034	1.51AlaHis: 1.51 ± 0.017	2.922AlaIle: 2.922 ± 0.021	3.659AlaLys: 3.659 ± 0.024	6.803AlaLeu: 6.803 ± 0.048	1.478AlaMet: 1.478 ± 0.018	2.185AlaAsn: 2.185 ± 0.019	3.587AlaPro: 3.587 ± 0.034	3.04AlaGln: 3.04 ± 0.027	3.417AlaArg: 3.417 ± 0.027	5.635AlaSer: 5.635 ± 0.035	3.483AlaThr: 3.483 ± 0.027	5.144AlaVal: 5.144 ± 0.032	0.795AlaTrp: 0.795 ± 0.013	1.517AlaTyr: 1.517 ± 0.016	0.014AlaXaa: 0.014 ± 0.001
Cys	1.385CysAla: 1.385 ± 0.016	0.896CysCys: 0.896 ± 0.016	1.024CysAsp: 1.024 ± 0.018	1.317CysGlu: 1.317 ± 0.02	1.033CysPhe: 1.033 ± 0.013	1.561CysGly: 1.561 ± 0.022	0.748CysHis: 0.748 ± 0.012	1.15CysIle: 1.15 ± 0.015	1.396CysLys: 1.396 ± 0.018	2.369CysLeu: 2.369 ± 0.023	0.492CysMet: 0.492 ± 0.008	0.941CysAsn: 0.941 ± 0.016	1.487CysPro: 1.487 ± 0.022	1.188CysGln: 1.188 ± 0.016	1.45CysArg: 1.45 ± 0.016	2.459CysSer: 2.459 ± 0.025	1.385CysThr: 1.385 ± 0.017	1.403CysVal: 1.403 ± 0.016	0.401CysTrp: 0.401 ± 0.008	0.673CysTyr: 0.673 ± 0.011	0.002CysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Asp	2.82AspAla: 2.82 ± 0.019	1.097AspCys: 1.097 ± 0.014	2.529AspAsp: 2.529 ± 0.026	3.305AspGlu: 3.305 ± 0.03	2.103AspPhe: 2.103 ± 0.018	3.065AspGly: 3.065 ± 0.032	1.093AspHis: 1.093 ± 0.012	2.653AspIle: 2.653 ± 0.021	2.623AspLys: 2.623 ± 0.024	4.683AspLeu: 4.683 ± 0.03	1.054AspMet: 1.054 ± 0.013	1.786AspAsn: 1.786 ± 0.02	2.501AspPro: 2.501 ± 0.023	1.712AspGln: 1.712 ± 0.016	2.24AspArg: 2.24 ± 0.021	3.911AspSer: 3.911 ± 0.028	2.478AspThr: 2.478 ± 0.018	3.072AspVal: 3.072 ± 0.023	0.599AspTrp: 0.599 ± 0.009	1.441AspTyr: 1.441 ± 0.016	0.003AspXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Glu	4.6GluAla: 4.6 ± 0.034	1.264GluCys: 1.264 ± 0.026	4.094GluAsp: 4.094 ± 0.032	7.312GluGlu: 7.312 ± 0.062	1.995GluPhe: 1.995 ± 0.021	4.002GluGly: 4.002 ± 0.032	1.625GluHis: 1.625 ± 0.016	3.284GluIle: 3.284 ± 0.033	5.416GluLys: 5.416 ± 0.05	6.109GluLeu: 6.109 ± 0.051	1.715GluMet: 1.715 ± 0.017	3.216GluAsn: 3.216 ± 0.027	2.695GluPro: 2.695 ± 0.039	3.298GluGln: 3.298 ± 0.033	3.848GluArg: 3.848 ± 0.041	4.297GluSer: 4.297 ± 0.029	3.451GluThr: 3.451 ± 0.026	4.036GluVal: 4.036 ± 0.031	0.679GluTrp: 0.679 ± 0.01	1.646GluTyr: 1.646 ± 0.024	0.004GluXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Phe	2.13PheAla: 2.13 ± 0.02	1.063PheCys: 1.063 ± 0.013	1.629PheAsp: 1.629 ± 0.018	1.961PheGlu: 1.961 ± 0.019	1.692PhePhe: 1.692 ± 0.02	2.293PheGly: 2.293 ± 0.02	1.093PheHis: 1.093 ± 0.015	1.984PheIle: 1.984 ± 0.017	1.884PheLys: 1.884 ± 0.02	4.117PheLeu: 4.117 ± 0.036	0.774PheMet: 0.774 ± 0.011	1.387PheAsn: 1.387 ± 0.016	2.094PhePro: 2.094 ± 0.024	1.808PheGln: 1.808 ± 0.019	1.857PheArg: 1.857 ± 0.021	3.503PheSer: 3.503 ± 0.028	2.139PheThr: 2.139 ± 0.019	2.284PheVal: 2.284 ± 0.021	0.549PheTrp: 0.549 ± 0.01	1.222PheTyr: 1.222 ± 0.015	0.004PheXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Gly	4.109GlyAla: 4.109 ± 0.033	1.543GlyCys: 1.543 ± 0.02	2.903GlyAsp: 2.903 ± 0.023	3.865GlyGlu: 3.865 ± 0.035	2.459GlyPhe: 2.459 ± 0.025	4.136GlyGly: 4.136 ± 0.04	1.648GlyHis: 1.648 ± 0.019	2.951GlyIle: 2.951 ± 0.024	4.017GlyLys: 4.017 ± 0.037	5.343GlyLeu: 5.343 ± 0.04	1.374GlyMet: 1.374 ± 0.015	2.538GlyAsn: 2.538 ± 0.022	2.908GlyPro: 2.908 ± 0.051	2.69GlyGln: 2.69 ± 0.024	3.45GlyArg: 3.45 ± 0.034	5.473GlySer: 5.473 ± 0.038	3.762GlyThr: 3.762 ± 0.03	3.432GlyVal: 3.432 ± 0.025	0.867GlyTrp: 0.867 ± 0.015	1.752GlyTyr: 1.752 ± 0.021	0.014GlyXaa: 0.014 ± 0.001
His	1.498HisAla: 1.498 ± 0.017	0.783HisCys: 0.783 ± 0.012	0.892HisAsp: 0.892 ± 0.013	1.358HisGlu: 1.358 ± 0.016	1.124HisPhe: 1.124 ± 0.013	1.666HisGly: 1.666 ± 0.021	0.907HisHis: 0.907 ± 0.013	1.301HisIle: 1.301 ± 0.013	1.417HisLys: 1.417 ± 0.018	2.872HisLeu: 2.872 ± 0.027	0.574HisMet: 0.574 ± 0.01	0.957HisAsn: 0.957 ± 0.011	1.729HisPro: 1.729 ± 0.018	1.321HisGln: 1.321 ± 0.015	1.629HisArg: 1.629 ± 0.017	2.336HisSer: 2.336 ± 0.022	1.47HisThr: 1.47 ± 0.017	1.542HisVal: 1.542 ± 0.017	0.349HisTrp: 0.349 ± 0.008	0.808HisTyr: 0.808 ± 0.011	0.003HisXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Ile	2.877IleAla: 2.877 ± 0.023	1.24IleCys: 1.24 ± 0.017	2.058IleAsp: 2.058 ± 0.019	2.574IleGlu: 2.574 ± 0.029	2.005IlePhe: 2.005 ± 0.02	2.289IleGly: 2.289 ± 0.022	1.342IleHis: 1.342 ± 0.016	2.456IleIle: 2.456 ± 0.026	2.814IleLys: 2.814 ± 0.031	4.676IleLeu: 4.676 ± 0.034	0.969IleMet: 0.969 ± 0.011	2.017IleAsn: 2.017 ± 0.019	2.787IlePro: 2.787 ± 0.021	2.338IleGln: 2.338 ± 0.023	2.395IleArg: 2.395 ± 0.019	4.064IleSer: 4.064 ± 0.027	2.776IleThr: 2.776 ± 0.029	2.666IleVal: 2.666 ± 0.025	0.59IleTrp: 0.59 ± 0.01	1.462IleTyr: 1.462 ± 0.017	0.003IleXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Lys	4.225LysAla: 4.225 ± 0.031	1.267LysCys: 1.267 ± 0.019	3.188LysAsp: 3.188 ± 0.04	5.393LysGlu: 5.393 ± 0.053	1.776LysPhe: 1.776 ± 0.016	3.471LysGly: 3.471 ± 0.033	1.658LysHis: 1.658 ± 0.018	2.978LysIle: 2.978 ± 0.026	4.966LysLys: 4.966 ± 0.044	5.407LysLeu: 5.407 ± 0.036	1.51LysMet: 1.51 ± 0.016	2.648LysAsn: 2.648 ± 0.021	3.158LysPro: 3.158 ± 0.038	3.056LysGln: 3.056 ± 0.028	3.505LysArg: 3.505 ± 0.024	4.241LysSer: 4.241 ± 0.035	3.348LysThr: 3.348 ± 0.031	3.514LysVal: 3.514 ± 0.04	0.652LysTrp: 0.652 ± 0.012	1.737LysTyr: 1.737 ± 0.021	0.003LysXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Leu	6.416LeuAla: 6.416 ± 0.047	2.489LeuCys: 2.489 ± 0.024	4.33LeuAsp: 4.33 ± 0.028	6.494LeuGlu: 6.494 ± 0.05	3.518LeuPhe: 3.518 ± 0.03	5.359LeuGly: 5.359 ± 0.041	2.84LeuHis: 2.84 ± 0.025	4.008LeuIle: 4.008 ± 0.029	6.09LeuLys: 6.09 ± 0.038	10.61LeuLeu: 10.61 ± 0.081	1.976LeuMet: 1.976 ± 0.018	3.654LeuAsn: 3.654 ± 0.027	5.845LeuPro: 5.845 ± 0.039	5.916LeuGln: 5.916 ± 0.047	5.316LeuArg: 5.316 ± 0.035	8.006LeuSer: 8.006 ± 0.046	5.012LeuThr: 5.012 ± 0.027	5.381LeuVal: 5.381 ± 0.038	1.186LeuTrp: 1.186 ± 0.016	2.584LeuTyr: 2.584 ± 0.027	0.012LeuXaa: 0.012 ± 0.001
Met	1.612MetAla: 1.612 ± 0.014	0.451MetCys: 0.451 ± 0.009	1.164MetAsp: 1.164 ± 0.013	1.741MetGlu: 1.741 ± 0.021	0.778MetPhe: 0.778 ± 0.011	1.307MetGly: 1.307 ± 0.017	0.549MetHis: 0.549 ± 0.01	0.883MetIle: 0.883 ± 0.012	1.526MetLys: 1.526 ± 0.017	2.07MetLeu: 2.07 ± 0.021	0.544MetMet: 0.544 ± 0.011	0.916MetAsn: 0.916 ± 0.013	1.072MetPro: 1.072 ± 0.013	1.075MetGln: 1.075 ± 0.015	1.04MetArg: 1.04 ± 0.013	1.54MetSer: 1.54 ± 0.015	1.106MetThr: 1.106 ± 0.014	1.335MetVal: 1.335 ± 0.018	0.256MetTrp: 0.256 ± 0.006	0.601MetTyr: 0.601 ± 0.01	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	2.35AsnAla: 2.35 ± 0.02	0.985AsnCys: 0.985 ± 0.015	1.58AsnAsp: 1.58 ± 0.017	2.399AsnGlu: 2.399 ± 0.019	1.503AsnPhe: 1.503 ± 0.016	2.557AsnGly: 2.557 ± 0.03	0.974AsnHis: 0.974 ± 0.013	2.294AsnIle: 2.294 ± 0.018	2.46AsnLys: 2.46 ± 0.025	3.825AsnLeu: 3.825 ± 0.029	0.933AsnMet: 0.933 ± 0.014	1.741AsnAsn: 1.741 ± 0.02	2.219AsnPro: 2.219 ± 0.021	1.683AsnGln: 1.683 ± 0.018	1.934AsnArg: 1.934 ± 0.018	3.39AsnSer: 3.39 ± 0.024	2.282AsnThr: 2.282 ± 0.023	2.353AsnVal: 2.353 ± 0.021	0.487AsnTrp: 0.487 ± 0.009	1.198AsnTyr: 1.198 ± 0.016	0.002AsnXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Pro	4.499ProAla: 4.499 ± 0.029	1.354ProCys: 1.354 ± 0.019	2.557ProAsp: 2.557 ± 0.021	3.827ProGlu: 3.827 ± 0.039	1.97ProPhe: 1.97 ± 0.019	4.136ProGly: 4.136 ± 0.082	1.399ProHis: 1.399 ± 0.016	1.906ProIle: 1.906 ± 0.026	2.808ProLys: 2.808 ± 0.032	4.908ProLeu: 4.908 ± 0.029	0.943ProMet: 0.943 ± 0.015	1.88ProAsn: 1.88 ± 0.021	4.537ProPro: 4.537 ± 0.067	2.629ProGln: 2.629 ± 0.026	2.882ProArg: 2.882 ± 0.025	5.31ProSer: 5.31 ± 0.039	2.824ProThr: 2.824 ± 0.029	3.803ProVal: 3.803 ± 0.033	0.696ProTrp: 0.696 ± 0.013	1.389ProTyr: 1.389 ± 0.018	0.016ProXaa: 0.016 ± 0.002
Gln	3.311GlnAla: 3.311 ± 0.028	1.071GlnCys: 1.071 ± 0.015	2.183GlnAsp: 2.183 ± 0.019	3.69GlnGlu: 3.69 ± 0.033	1.396GlnPhe: 1.396 ± 0.014	2.806GlnGly: 2.806 ± 0.029	1.515GlnHis: 1.515 ± 0.019	2.159GlnIle: 2.159 ± 0.021	3.238GlnLys: 3.238 ± 0.031	4.799GlnLeu: 4.799 ± 0.037	1.118GlnMet: 1.118 ± 0.013	2.042GlnAsn: 2.042 ± 0.022	2.718GlnPro: 2.718 ± 0.023	3.369GlnGln: 3.369 ± 0.048	2.889GlnArg: 2.889 ± 0.024	3.32GlnSer: 3.32 ± 0.027	2.519GlnThr: 2.519 ± 0.022	2.738GlnVal: 2.738 ± 0.024	0.534GlnTrp: 0.534 ± 0.011	1.208GlnTyr: 1.208 ± 0.016	0.003GlnXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Arg	3.728ArgAla: 3.728 ± 0.03	1.386ArgCys: 1.386 ± 0.017	2.549ArgAsp: 2.549 ± 0.023	3.683ArgGlu: 3.683 ± 0.034	1.84ArgPhe: 1.84 ± 0.02	3.431ArgGly: 3.431 ± 0.037	1.496ArgHis: 1.496 ± 0.017	2.461ArgIle: 2.461 ± 0.02	3.855ArgLys: 3.855 ± 0.031	4.816ArgLeu: 4.816 ± 0.037	1.161ArgMet: 1.161 ± 0.014	2.242ArgAsn: 2.242 ± 0.017	2.538ArgPro: 2.538 ± 0.02	2.595ArgGln: 2.595 ± 0.024	3.843ArgArg: 3.843 ± 0.035	4.233ArgSer: 4.233 ± 0.036	2.845ArgThr: 2.845 ± 0.021	2.959ArgVal: 2.959 ± 0.029	0.699ArgTrp: 0.699 ± 0.01	1.482ArgTyr: 1.482 ± 0.015	0.013ArgXaa: 0.013 ± 0.001
Ser	5.633SerAla: 5.633 ± 0.036	2.228SerCys: 2.228 ± 0.022	3.806SerAsp: 3.806 ± 0.034	5.045SerGlu: 5.045 ± 0.037	3.197SerPhe: 3.197 ± 0.024	5.151SerGly: 5.151 ± 0.034	2.158SerHis: 2.158 ± 0.022	3.488SerIle: 3.488 ± 0.021	4.486SerLys: 4.486 ± 0.03	8.108SerLeu: 8.108 ± 0.051	1.595SerMet: 1.595 ± 0.015	2.942SerAsn: 2.942 ± 0.029	5.605SerPro: 5.605 ± 0.039	3.846SerGln: 3.846 ± 0.028	4.37SerArg: 4.37 ± 0.038	9.625SerSer: 9.625 ± 0.075	4.824SerThr: 4.824 ± 0.032	5.146SerVal: 5.146 ± 0.037	1.092SerTrp: 1.092 ± 0.014	2.132SerTyr: 2.132 ± 0.023	0.008SerXaa: 0.008 ± 0.001
Thr	4.322ThrAla: 4.322 ± 0.031	1.444ThrCys: 1.444 ± 0.021	2.653ThrAsp: 2.653 ± 0.023	3.746ThrGlu: 3.746 ± 0.028	2.104ThrPhe: 2.104 ± 0.017	3.642ThrGly: 3.642 ± 0.027	1.278ThrHis: 1.278 ± 0.014	2.393ThrIle: 2.393 ± 0.022	2.922ThrLys: 2.922 ± 0.029	5.088ThrLeu: 5.088 ± 0.03	1.071ThrMet: 1.071 ± 0.014	1.926ThrAsn: 1.926 ± 0.018	3.244ThrPro: 3.244 ± 0.03	2.31ThrGln: 2.31 ± 0.021	2.571ThrArg: 2.571 ± 0.02	4.912ThrSer: 4.912 ± 0.034	3.11ThrThr: 3.11 ± 0.04	3.955ThrVal: 3.955 ± 0.039	0.734ThrTrp: 0.734 ± 0.014	1.453ThrTyr: 1.453 ± 0.016	0.007ThrXaa: 0.007 ± 0.001
Val	4.015ValAla: 4.015 ± 0.029	1.609ValCys: 1.609 ± 0.019	2.692ValAsp: 2.692 ± 0.021	3.666ValGlu: 3.666 ± 0.035	2.529ValPhe: 2.529 ± 0.022	3.268ValGly: 3.268 ± 0.025	1.594ValHis: 1.594 ± 0.018	3.012ValIle: 3.012 ± 0.028	3.641ValLys: 3.641 ± 0.033	6.415ValLeu: 6.415 ± 0.036	1.345ValMet: 1.345 ± 0.015	2.397ValAsn: 2.397 ± 0.023	3.73ValPro: 3.73 ± 0.036	2.868ValGln: 2.868 ± 0.024	2.916ValArg: 2.916 ± 0.021	5.012ValSer: 5.012 ± 0.032	3.87ValThr: 3.87 ± 0.047	3.992ValVal: 3.992 ± 0.037	0.785ValTrp: 0.785 ± 0.012	1.694ValTyr: 1.694 ± 0.018	0.007ValXaa: 0.007 ± 0.001
Trp	0.753TrpAla: 0.753 ± 0.013	0.299TrpCys: 0.299 ± 0.008	0.664TrpAsp: 0.664 ± 0.012	0.812TrpGlu: 0.812 ± 0.011	0.469TrpPhe: 0.469 ± 0.009	0.8TrpGly: 0.8 ± 0.016	0.358TrpHis: 0.358 ± 0.008	0.599TrpIle: 0.599 ± 0.011	0.898TrpLys: 0.898 ± 0.013	1.303TrpLeu: 1.303 ± 0.018	0.326TrpMet: 0.326 ± 0.007	0.542TrpAsn: 0.542 ± 0.008	0.506TrpPro: 0.506 ± 0.01	0.641TrpGln: 0.641 ± 0.01	0.712TrpArg: 0.712 ± 0.011	0.922TrpSer: 0.922 ± 0.014	0.649TrpThr: 0.649 ± 0.011	0.708TrpVal: 0.708 ± 0.011	0.208TrpTrp: 0.208 ± 0.006	0.364TrpTyr: 0.364 ± 0.008	0.002TrpXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Tyr	1.451TyrAla: 1.451 ± 0.015	0.745TyrCys: 0.745 ± 0.012	1.282TyrAsp: 1.282 ± 0.016	1.655TyrGlu: 1.655 ± 0.018	1.315TyrPhe: 1.315 ± 0.015	1.65TyrGly: 1.65 ± 0.017	0.747TyrHis: 0.747 ± 0.01	1.51TyrIle: 1.51 ± 0.02	1.586TyrLys: 1.586 ± 0.017	2.71TyrLeu: 2.71 ± 0.022	0.613TyrMet: 0.613 ± 0.011	1.191TyrAsn: 1.191 ± 0.015	1.303TyrPro: 1.303 ± 0.016	1.239TyrGln: 1.239 ± 0.016	1.578TyrArg: 1.578 ± 0.017	2.285TyrSer: 2.285 ± 0.022	1.548TyrThr: 1.548 ± 0.021	1.582TyrVal: 1.582 ± 0.016	0.374TyrTrp: 0.374 ± 0.01	0.978TyrTyr: 0.978 ± 0.013	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.013XaaAla: 0.013 ± 0.001	0.003XaaCys: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.004XaaAsp: 0.004 ± 0.001	0.005XaaGlu: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.003XaaPhe: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.012XaaGly: 0.012 ± 0.001	0.005XaaHis: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.005XaaIle: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.003XaaLys: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.01XaaLeu: 0.01 ± 0.001	0.002XaaMet: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.012XaaPro: 0.012 ± 0.001	0.005XaaGln: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.013XaaArg: 0.013 ± 0.001	0.01XaaSer: 0.01 ± 0.001	0.006XaaThr: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.007XaaVal: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.002XaaTrp: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.002XaaTyr: 0.002 ± 0.0	1.051XaaXaa: 1.051 ± 0.158

Statistics based on 16592 proteins (6979335 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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