Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Fasciola hepatica (Liver fluke)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.803AlaAla: 5.803 ± 0.055	1.383AlaCys: 1.383 ± 0.016	3.578AlaAsp: 3.578 ± 0.028	3.995AlaGlu: 3.995 ± 0.034	2.428AlaPhe: 2.428 ± 0.024	3.609AlaGly: 3.609 ± 0.029	1.753AlaHis: 1.753 ± 0.018	3.126AlaIle: 3.126 ± 0.022	2.928AlaLys: 2.928 ± 0.025	6.257AlaLeu: 6.257 ± 0.038	1.416AlaMet: 1.416 ± 0.015	2.873AlaAsn: 2.873 ± 0.028	3.408AlaPro: 3.408 ± 0.031	2.819AlaGln: 2.819 ± 0.025	3.972AlaArg: 3.972 ± 0.029	6.288AlaSer: 6.288 ± 0.04	4.324AlaThr: 4.324 ± 0.03	4.714AlaVal: 4.714 ± 0.029	0.677AlaTrp: 0.677 ± 0.011	1.799AlaTyr: 1.799 ± 0.017	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.405CysAla: 1.405 ± 0.017	0.548CysCys: 0.548 ± 0.012	1.067CysAsp: 1.067 ± 0.017	1.112CysGlu: 1.112 ± 0.014	0.844CysPhe: 0.844 ± 0.012	1.304CysGly: 1.304 ± 0.018	0.621CysHis: 0.621 ± 0.011	0.975CysIle: 0.975 ± 0.015	0.767CysLys: 0.767 ± 0.012	2.252CysLeu: 2.252 ± 0.024	0.424CysMet: 0.424 ± 0.009	0.714CysAsn: 0.714 ± 0.012	1.303CysPro: 1.303 ± 0.019	0.857CysGln: 0.857 ± 0.013	1.331CysArg: 1.331 ± 0.019	1.948CysSer: 1.948 ± 0.02	1.252CysThr: 1.252 ± 0.017	1.389CysVal: 1.389 ± 0.019	0.25CysTrp: 0.25 ± 0.006	0.543CysTyr: 0.543 ± 0.011	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.434AspAla: 3.434 ± 0.027	1.047AspCys: 1.047 ± 0.015	3.281AspAsp: 3.281 ± 0.043	3.86AspGlu: 3.86 ± 0.031	1.906AspPhe: 1.906 ± 0.016	3.126AspGly: 3.126 ± 0.034	1.372AspHis: 1.372 ± 0.016	2.204AspIle: 2.204 ± 0.02	2.08AspLys: 2.08 ± 0.021	5.117AspLeu: 5.117 ± 0.032	1.046AspMet: 1.046 ± 0.014	1.914AspAsn: 1.914 ± 0.02	3.14AspPro: 3.14 ± 0.023	2.351AspGln: 2.351 ± 0.019	3.389AspArg: 3.389 ± 0.026	4.954AspSer: 4.954 ± 0.036	2.85AspThr: 2.85 ± 0.023	3.245AspVal: 3.245 ± 0.027	0.71AspTrp: 0.71 ± 0.011	1.464AspTyr: 1.464 ± 0.016	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.118GluAla: 4.118 ± 0.038	1.079GluCys: 1.079 ± 0.016	3.19GluAsp: 3.19 ± 0.029	4.314GluGlu: 4.314 ± 0.047	2.073GluPhe: 2.073 ± 0.018	2.219GluGly: 2.219 ± 0.024	1.499GluHis: 1.499 ± 0.017	2.83GluIle: 2.83 ± 0.025	3.138GluLys: 3.138 ± 0.034	6.053GluLeu: 6.053 ± 0.044	1.393GluMet: 1.393 ± 0.015	2.775GluAsn: 2.775 ± 0.025	2.852GluPro: 2.852 ± 0.029	2.858GluGln: 2.858 ± 0.027	3.703GluArg: 3.703 ± 0.03	4.822GluSer: 4.822 ± 0.035	3.546GluThr: 3.546 ± 0.028	3.393GluVal: 3.393 ± 0.03	0.62GluTrp: 0.62 ± 0.011	1.461GluTyr: 1.461 ± 0.018	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.33PheAla: 2.33 ± 0.023	0.887PheCys: 0.887 ± 0.013	2.094PheAsp: 2.094 ± 0.018	1.946PheGlu: 1.946 ± 0.018	1.384PhePhe: 1.384 ± 0.02	2.409PheGly: 2.409 ± 0.022	1.094PheHis: 1.094 ± 0.014	1.812PheIle: 1.812 ± 0.02	1.305PheLys: 1.305 ± 0.017	3.462PheLeu: 3.462 ± 0.027	0.733PheMet: 0.733 ± 0.013	1.385PheAsn: 1.385 ± 0.015	1.936PhePro: 1.936 ± 0.017	1.438PheGln: 1.438 ± 0.018	2.331PheArg: 2.331 ± 0.019	3.333PheSer: 3.333 ± 0.028	2.339PheThr: 2.339 ± 0.021	2.55PheVal: 2.55 ± 0.022	0.464PheTrp: 0.464 ± 0.009	1.133PheTyr: 1.133 ± 0.014	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.397GlyAla: 3.397 ± 0.03	1.151GlyCys: 1.151 ± 0.014	2.862GlyAsp: 2.862 ± 0.033	2.802GlyGlu: 2.802 ± 0.047	2.156GlyPhe: 2.156 ± 0.02	3.432GlyGly: 3.432 ± 0.038	1.477GlyHis: 1.477 ± 0.019	2.653GlyIle: 2.653 ± 0.025	2.426GlyLys: 2.426 ± 0.026	5.403GlyLeu: 5.403 ± 0.038	1.192GlyMet: 1.192 ± 0.017	2.193GlyAsn: 2.193 ± 0.024	3.109GlyPro: 3.109 ± 0.066	2.331GlyGln: 2.331 ± 0.024	3.518GlyArg: 3.518 ± 0.03	5.757GlySer: 5.757 ± 0.04	3.69GlyThr: 3.69 ± 0.028	3.25GlyVal: 3.25 ± 0.025	0.643GlyTrp: 0.643 ± 0.012	1.583GlyTyr: 1.583 ± 0.018	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.629HisAla: 1.629 ± 0.016	0.655HisCys: 0.655 ± 0.012	1.077HisAsp: 1.077 ± 0.013	1.418HisGlu: 1.418 ± 0.017	1.063HisPhe: 1.063 ± 0.014	1.548HisGly: 1.548 ± 0.018	0.992HisHis: 0.992 ± 0.02	1.223HisIle: 1.223 ± 0.016	0.989HisLys: 0.989 ± 0.014	2.951HisLeu: 2.951 ± 0.025	0.603HisMet: 0.603 ± 0.01	0.997HisAsn: 0.997 ± 0.014	1.816HisPro: 1.816 ± 0.02	1.274HisGln: 1.274 ± 0.016	1.895HisArg: 1.895 ± 0.022	2.82HisSer: 2.82 ± 0.03	1.648HisThr: 1.648 ± 0.018	1.711HisVal: 1.711 ± 0.016	0.378HisTrp: 0.378 ± 0.009	0.749HisTyr: 0.749 ± 0.012	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.974IleAla: 2.974 ± 0.024	1.118IleCys: 1.118 ± 0.012	2.47IleAsp: 2.47 ± 0.021	2.601IleGlu: 2.601 ± 0.024	1.701IlePhe: 1.701 ± 0.02	2.656IleGly: 2.656 ± 0.023	1.404IleHis: 1.404 ± 0.013	2.128IleIle: 2.128 ± 0.025	2.011IleLys: 2.011 ± 0.02	4.449IleLeu: 4.449 ± 0.033	0.916IleMet: 0.916 ± 0.014	1.986IleAsn: 1.986 ± 0.019	3.145IlePro: 3.145 ± 0.027	2.221IleGln: 2.221 ± 0.021	3.421IleArg: 3.421 ± 0.025	4.37IleSer: 4.37 ± 0.028	3.008IleThr: 3.008 ± 0.025	2.839IleVal: 2.839 ± 0.025	0.568IleTrp: 0.568 ± 0.009	1.391IleTyr: 1.391 ± 0.018	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	2.724LysAla: 2.724 ± 0.024	0.874LysCys: 0.874 ± 0.012	1.969LysAsp: 1.969 ± 0.02	2.652LysGlu: 2.652 ± 0.027	1.479LysPhe: 1.479 ± 0.017	1.713LysGly: 1.713 ± 0.039	1.236LysHis: 1.236 ± 0.016	2.067LysIle: 2.067 ± 0.022	2.468LysLys: 2.468 ± 0.031	4.437LysLeu: 4.437 ± 0.033	1.034LysMet: 1.034 ± 0.014	1.877LysAsn: 1.877 ± 0.023	2.776LysPro: 2.776 ± 0.03	2.241LysGln: 2.241 ± 0.021	3.375LysArg: 3.375 ± 0.027	4.014LysSer: 4.014 ± 0.032	2.786LysThr: 2.786 ± 0.022	2.346LysVal: 2.346 ± 0.021	0.495LysTrp: 0.495 ± 0.01	1.153LysTyr: 1.153 ± 0.016	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.59LeuAla: 6.59 ± 0.039	2.144LeuCys: 2.144 ± 0.022	5.259LeuAsp: 5.259 ± 0.035	5.441LeuGlu: 5.441 ± 0.044	3.798LeuPhe: 3.798 ± 0.03	4.813LeuGly: 4.813 ± 0.028	2.653LeuHis: 2.653 ± 0.022	5.074LeuIle: 5.074 ± 0.036	4.197LeuLys: 4.197 ± 0.033	9.775LeuLeu: 9.775 ± 0.068	1.94LeuMet: 1.94 ± 0.019	4.264LeuAsn: 4.264 ± 0.029	5.558LeuPro: 5.558 ± 0.035	4.001LeuGln: 4.001 ± 0.027	6.42LeuArg: 6.42 ± 0.041	8.953LeuSer: 8.953 ± 0.048	6.155LeuThr: 6.155 ± 0.035	5.973LeuVal: 5.973 ± 0.039	1.045LeuTrp: 1.045 ± 0.014	2.363LeuTyr: 2.363 ± 0.02	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	1.474MetAla: 1.474 ± 0.016	0.417MetCys: 0.417 ± 0.008	1.342MetAsp: 1.342 ± 0.014	1.409MetGlu: 1.409 ± 0.017	0.764MetPhe: 0.764 ± 0.012	1.083MetGly: 1.083 ± 0.014	0.61MetHis: 0.61 ± 0.011	1.047MetIle: 1.047 ± 0.014	1.059MetLys: 1.059 ± 0.013	1.949MetLeu: 1.949 ± 0.019	0.496MetMet: 0.496 ± 0.01	1.173MetAsn: 1.173 ± 0.014	1.103MetPro: 1.103 ± 0.014	0.904MetGln: 0.904 ± 0.012	1.348MetArg: 1.348 ± 0.016	1.783MetSer: 1.783 ± 0.019	1.336MetThr: 1.336 ± 0.015	1.218MetVal: 1.218 ± 0.016	0.227MetTrp: 0.227 ± 0.005	0.487MetTyr: 0.487 ± 0.009	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.96AsnAla: 2.96 ± 0.023	0.868AsnCys: 0.868 ± 0.012	2.006AsnAsp: 2.006 ± 0.021	2.641AsnGlu: 2.641 ± 0.024	1.464AsnPhe: 1.464 ± 0.016	2.769AsnGly: 2.769 ± 0.027	1.113AsnHis: 1.113 ± 0.016	1.833AsnIle: 1.833 ± 0.02	1.846AsnLys: 1.846 ± 0.018	4.119AsnLeu: 4.119 ± 0.029	0.928AsnMet: 0.928 ± 0.013	1.905AsnAsn: 1.905 ± 0.025	2.726AsnPro: 2.726 ± 0.023	2.072AsnGln: 2.072 ± 0.019	2.827AsnArg: 2.827 ± 0.025	4.161AsnSer: 4.161 ± 0.036	2.79AsnThr: 2.79 ± 0.023	2.615AsnVal: 2.615 ± 0.021	0.538AsnTrp: 0.538 ± 0.009	1.166AsnTyr: 1.166 ± 0.015	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.601ProAla: 3.601 ± 0.028	1.039ProCys: 1.039 ± 0.016	3.178ProAsp: 3.178 ± 0.027	3.355ProGlu: 3.355 ± 0.026	1.952ProPhe: 1.952 ± 0.021	3.683ProGly: 3.683 ± 0.079	1.467ProHis: 1.467 ± 0.018	2.929ProIle: 2.929 ± 0.022	2.5ProLys: 2.5 ± 0.026	4.803ProLeu: 4.803 ± 0.035	1.17ProMet: 1.17 ± 0.014	2.858ProAsn: 2.858 ± 0.022	4.348ProPro: 4.348 ± 0.058	2.232ProGln: 2.232 ± 0.023	3.193ProArg: 3.193 ± 0.025	6.124ProSer: 6.124 ± 0.049	4.281ProThr: 4.281 ± 0.032	4.45ProVal: 4.45 ± 0.034	0.587ProTrp: 0.587 ± 0.011	1.394ProTyr: 1.394 ± 0.017	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.756GlnAla: 2.756 ± 0.027	0.897GlnCys: 0.897 ± 0.015	1.58GlnAsp: 1.58 ± 0.017	2.069GlnGlu: 2.069 ± 0.024	1.674GlnPhe: 1.674 ± 0.019	1.577GlnGly: 1.577 ± 0.022	1.174GlnHis: 1.174 ± 0.016	2.208GlnIle: 2.208 ± 0.021	1.98GlnLys: 1.98 ± 0.018	5.212GlnLeu: 5.212 ± 0.046	1.118GlnMet: 1.118 ± 0.014	1.958GlnAsn: 1.958 ± 0.019	2.784GlnPro: 2.784 ± 0.029	2.787GlnGln: 2.787 ± 0.059	2.709GlnArg: 2.709 ± 0.022	4.376GlnSer: 4.376 ± 0.03	3.054GlnThr: 3.054 ± 0.025	2.31GlnVal: 2.31 ± 0.022	0.568GlnTrp: 0.568 ± 0.009	1.08GlnTyr: 1.08 ± 0.013	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.971ArgAla: 3.971 ± 0.031	1.365ArgCys: 1.365 ± 0.018	2.909ArgAsp: 2.909 ± 0.023	3.415ArgGlu: 3.415 ± 0.028	2.551ArgPhe: 2.551 ± 0.022	3.123ArgGly: 3.123 ± 0.033	1.777ArgHis: 1.777 ± 0.019	3.39ArgIle: 3.39 ± 0.026	3.141ArgLys: 3.141 ± 0.03	7.146ArgLeu: 7.146 ± 0.051	1.484ArgMet: 1.484 ± 0.016	2.616ArgAsn: 2.616 ± 0.022	3.576ArgPro: 3.576 ± 0.029	2.834ArgGln: 2.834 ± 0.025	5.255ArgArg: 5.255 ± 0.039	5.978ArgSer: 5.978 ± 0.048	3.899ArgThr: 3.899 ± 0.028	3.742ArgVal: 3.742 ± 0.031	0.806ArgTrp: 0.806 ± 0.013	1.727ArgTyr: 1.727 ± 0.017	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.653SerAla: 6.653 ± 0.043	1.796SerCys: 1.796 ± 0.022	5.26SerAsp: 5.26 ± 0.038	5.186SerGlu: 5.186 ± 0.036	3.089SerPhe: 3.089 ± 0.027	6.194SerGly: 6.194 ± 0.041	2.497SerHis: 2.497 ± 0.025	3.973SerIle: 3.973 ± 0.024	3.846SerLys: 3.846 ± 0.03	8.231SerLeu: 8.231 ± 0.044	1.933SerMet: 1.933 ± 0.017	4.194SerAsn: 4.194 ± 0.038	5.834SerPro: 5.834 ± 0.047	3.779SerGln: 3.779 ± 0.03	5.757SerArg: 5.757 ± 0.045	11.429SerSer: 11.429 ± 0.098	7.062SerThr: 7.062 ± 0.049	6.698SerVal: 6.698 ± 0.045	0.96SerTrp: 0.96 ± 0.013	2.048SerTyr: 2.048 ± 0.02	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	4.678ThrAla: 4.678 ± 0.033	1.264ThrCys: 1.264 ± 0.016	3.692ThrAsp: 3.692 ± 0.027	4.174ThrGlu: 4.174 ± 0.031	2.029ThrPhe: 2.029 ± 0.018	4.325ThrGly: 4.325 ± 0.036	1.634ThrHis: 1.634 ± 0.017	2.842ThrIle: 2.842 ± 0.028	2.856ThrLys: 2.856 ± 0.022	5.204ThrLeu: 5.204 ± 0.032	1.309ThrMet: 1.309 ± 0.015	3.19ThrAsn: 3.19 ± 0.028	3.805ThrPro: 3.805 ± 0.03	2.59ThrGln: 2.59 ± 0.025	3.661ThrArg: 3.661 ± 0.029	6.344ThrSer: 6.344 ± 0.049	5.124ThrThr: 5.124 ± 0.051	4.708ThrVal: 4.708 ± 0.031	0.656ThrTrp: 0.656 ± 0.01	1.536ThrTyr: 1.536 ± 0.019	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.275ValAla: 4.275 ± 0.03	1.496ValCys: 1.496 ± 0.017	3.748ValAsp: 3.748 ± 0.028	3.562ValGlu: 3.562 ± 0.03	2.327ValPhe: 2.327 ± 0.022	3.437ValGly: 3.437 ± 0.028	1.958ValHis: 1.958 ± 0.018	3.177ValIle: 3.177 ± 0.027	2.619ValLys: 2.619 ± 0.022	5.67ValLeu: 5.67 ± 0.037	1.219ValMet: 1.219 ± 0.013	2.877ValAsn: 2.877 ± 0.026	3.789ValPro: 3.789 ± 0.028	2.725ValGln: 2.725 ± 0.022	3.996ValArg: 3.996 ± 0.026	5.725ValSer: 5.725 ± 0.034	4.193ValThr: 4.193 ± 0.03	4.071ValVal: 4.071 ± 0.03	0.688ValTrp: 0.688 ± 0.012	1.814ValTyr: 1.814 ± 0.02	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.627TrpAla: 0.627 ± 0.011	0.258TrpCys: 0.258 ± 0.006	0.601TrpAsp: 0.601 ± 0.011	0.516TrpGlu: 0.516 ± 0.01	0.53TrpPhe: 0.53 ± 0.01	0.417TrpGly: 0.417 ± 0.009	0.31TrpHis: 0.31 ± 0.006	0.757TrpIle: 0.757 ± 0.013	0.564TrpLys: 0.564 ± 0.01	1.221TrpLeu: 1.221 ± 0.015	0.277TrpMet: 0.277 ± 0.007	0.613TrpAsn: 0.613 ± 0.012	0.619TrpPro: 0.619 ± 0.011	0.417TrpGln: 0.417 ± 0.009	0.752TrpArg: 0.752 ± 0.01	1.107TrpSer: 1.107 ± 0.014	0.767TrpThr: 0.767 ± 0.012	0.535TrpVal: 0.535 ± 0.011	0.165TrpTrp: 0.165 ± 0.006	0.338TrpTyr: 0.338 ± 0.008	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.752TyrAla: 1.752 ± 0.017	0.622TyrCys: 0.622 ± 0.012	1.328TyrAsp: 1.328 ± 0.015	1.47TyrGlu: 1.47 ± 0.019	1.153TyrPhe: 1.153 ± 0.013	1.587TyrGly: 1.587 ± 0.02	0.795TyrHis: 0.795 ± 0.012	1.128TyrIle: 1.128 ± 0.014	0.997TyrLys: 0.997 ± 0.014	2.702TyrLeu: 2.702 ± 0.024	0.595TyrMet: 0.595 ± 0.012	0.986TyrAsn: 0.986 ± 0.016	1.514TyrPro: 1.514 ± 0.019	1.142TyrGln: 1.142 ± 0.015	1.853TyrArg: 1.853 ± 0.019	2.133TyrSer: 2.133 ± 0.021	1.516TyrThr: 1.516 ± 0.017	1.61TyrVal: 1.61 ± 0.019	0.347TyrTrp: 0.347 ± 0.008	0.854TyrTyr: 0.854 ± 0.015	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.017XaaXaa: 0.017 ± 0.016

Statistics based on 11190 proteins (6088080 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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