Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Aquilegia coerulea (Rocky mountain columbine)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.299AlaAla: 5.299 ± 0.028	1.179AlaCys: 1.179 ± 0.01	2.929AlaAsp: 2.929 ± 0.015	3.901AlaGlu: 3.901 ± 0.02	2.62AlaPhe: 2.62 ± 0.014	3.826AlaGly: 3.826 ± 0.017	1.269AlaHis: 1.269 ± 0.009	3.755AlaIle: 3.755 ± 0.019	3.746AlaLys: 3.746 ± 0.018	6.344AlaLeu: 6.344 ± 0.023	1.683AlaMet: 1.683 ± 0.012	2.505AlaAsn: 2.505 ± 0.013	2.418AlaPro: 2.418 ± 0.015	2.019AlaGln: 2.019 ± 0.013	3.102AlaArg: 3.102 ± 0.015	5.504AlaSer: 5.504 ± 0.024	3.392AlaThr: 3.392 ± 0.016	4.467AlaVal: 4.467 ± 0.019	0.73AlaTrp: 0.73 ± 0.007	1.822AlaTyr: 1.822 ± 0.01	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	0.935CysAla: 0.935 ± 0.008	0.517CysCys: 0.517 ± 0.006	0.862CysAsp: 0.862 ± 0.009	0.911CysGlu: 0.911 ± 0.007	0.922CysPhe: 0.922 ± 0.008	1.314CysGly: 1.314 ± 0.01	0.465CysHis: 0.465 ± 0.006	1.097CysIle: 1.097 ± 0.009	1.208CysLys: 1.208 ± 0.009	1.913CysLeu: 1.913 ± 0.013	0.471CysMet: 0.471 ± 0.006	0.88CysAsn: 0.88 ± 0.007	0.872CysPro: 0.872 ± 0.008	0.615CysGln: 0.615 ± 0.008	1.012CysArg: 1.012 ± 0.009	1.804CysSer: 1.804 ± 0.011	0.914CysThr: 0.914 ± 0.008	1.066CysVal: 1.066 ± 0.009	0.256CysTrp: 0.256 ± 0.005	0.57CysTyr: 0.57 ± 0.006	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.248AspAla: 3.248 ± 0.014	0.945AspCys: 0.945 ± 0.009	3.556AspAsp: 3.556 ± 0.022	3.944AspGlu: 3.944 ± 0.021	2.388AspPhe: 2.388 ± 0.012	3.716AspGly: 3.716 ± 0.017	1.202AspHis: 1.202 ± 0.009	3.261AspIle: 3.261 ± 0.016	2.806AspLys: 2.806 ± 0.015	5.172AspLeu: 5.172 ± 0.021	1.362AspMet: 1.362 ± 0.009	2.226AspAsn: 2.226 ± 0.013	2.501AspPro: 2.501 ± 0.015	1.766AspGln: 1.766 ± 0.01	2.403AspArg: 2.403 ± 0.015	4.225AspSer: 4.225 ± 0.02	2.331AspThr: 2.331 ± 0.013	3.775AspVal: 3.775 ± 0.015	0.729AspTrp: 0.729 ± 0.007	1.648AspTyr: 1.648 ± 0.011	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.455GluAla: 4.455 ± 0.021	0.929GluCys: 0.929 ± 0.009	4.037GluAsp: 4.037 ± 0.022	6.296GluGlu: 6.296 ± 0.04	2.381GluPhe: 2.381 ± 0.013	3.623GluGly: 3.623 ± 0.015	1.262GluHis: 1.262 ± 0.009	3.808GluIle: 3.808 ± 0.017	4.858GluLys: 4.858 ± 0.024	5.964GluLeu: 5.964 ± 0.027	1.767GluMet: 1.767 ± 0.012	3.208GluAsn: 3.208 ± 0.016	2.179GluPro: 2.179 ± 0.031	2.208GluGln: 2.208 ± 0.012	3.355GluArg: 3.355 ± 0.018	4.491GluSer: 4.491 ± 0.019	3.126GluThr: 3.126 ± 0.014	4.326GluVal: 4.326 ± 0.018	0.735GluTrp: 0.735 ± 0.007	1.703GluTyr: 1.703 ± 0.01	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.402PheAla: 2.402 ± 0.012	0.928PheCys: 0.928 ± 0.008	2.355PheAsp: 2.355 ± 0.013	2.375PheGlu: 2.375 ± 0.012	2.114PhePhe: 2.114 ± 0.016	3.047PheGly: 3.047 ± 0.017	1.106PheHis: 1.106 ± 0.009	2.297PheIle: 2.297 ± 0.014	2.208PheLys: 2.208 ± 0.012	4.33PheLeu: 4.33 ± 0.022	0.985PheMet: 0.985 ± 0.008	1.901PheAsn: 1.901 ± 0.012	1.993PhePro: 1.993 ± 0.012	1.621PheGln: 1.621 ± 0.012	1.984PheArg: 1.984 ± 0.013	4.106PheSer: 4.106 ± 0.018	2.079PheThr: 2.079 ± 0.013	2.796PheVal: 2.796 ± 0.015	0.559PheTrp: 0.559 ± 0.007	1.356PheTyr: 1.356 ± 0.01	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.634GlyAla: 3.634 ± 0.02	1.235GlyCys: 1.235 ± 0.01	3.302GlyAsp: 3.302 ± 0.016	3.64GlyGlu: 3.64 ± 0.027	3.08GlyPhe: 3.08 ± 0.015	5.19GlyGly: 5.19 ± 0.035	1.501GlyHis: 1.501 ± 0.013	3.79GlyIle: 3.79 ± 0.016	4.068GlyLys: 4.068 ± 0.02	5.888GlyLeu: 5.888 ± 0.023	1.561GlyMet: 1.561 ± 0.011	3.088GlyAsn: 3.088 ± 0.02	2.323GlyPro: 2.323 ± 0.016	2.086GlyGln: 2.086 ± 0.012	3.564GlyArg: 3.564 ± 0.023	5.821GlySer: 5.821 ± 0.024	3.277GlyThr: 3.277 ± 0.016	4.209GlyVal: 4.209 ± 0.018	0.924GlyTrp: 0.924 ± 0.008	2.157GlyTyr: 2.157 ± 0.014	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.341HisAla: 1.341 ± 0.011	0.502HisCys: 0.502 ± 0.005	1.131HisAsp: 1.131 ± 0.009	1.278HisGlu: 1.278 ± 0.009	1.083HisPhe: 1.083 ± 0.008	1.659HisGly: 1.659 ± 0.01	0.935HisHis: 0.935 ± 0.011	1.345HisIle: 1.345 ± 0.009	1.168HisLys: 1.168 ± 0.009	2.46HisLeu: 2.46 ± 0.014	0.573HisMet: 0.573 ± 0.006	1.002HisAsn: 1.002 ± 0.008	1.359HisPro: 1.359 ± 0.01	1.063HisGln: 1.063 ± 0.011	1.293HisArg: 1.293 ± 0.009	1.968HisSer: 1.968 ± 0.011	1.087HisThr: 1.087 ± 0.009	1.527HisVal: 1.527 ± 0.01	0.308HisTrp: 0.308 ± 0.004	0.766HisTyr: 0.766 ± 0.008	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.597IleAla: 3.597 ± 0.017	1.17IleCys: 1.17 ± 0.01	3.092IleAsp: 3.092 ± 0.014	3.412IleGlu: 3.412 ± 0.017	2.445IlePhe: 2.445 ± 0.016	3.521IleGly: 3.521 ± 0.017	1.42IleHis: 1.42 ± 0.01	3.12IleIle: 3.12 ± 0.02	3.169IleLys: 3.169 ± 0.016	5.552IleLeu: 5.552 ± 0.024	1.254IleMet: 1.254 ± 0.01	2.41IleAsn: 2.41 ± 0.011	3.045IlePro: 3.045 ± 0.018	2.163IleGln: 2.163 ± 0.014	2.661IleArg: 2.661 ± 0.014	5.268IleSer: 5.268 ± 0.021	2.899IleThr: 2.899 ± 0.014	3.704IleVal: 3.704 ± 0.016	0.734IleTrp: 0.734 ± 0.008	1.716IleTyr: 1.716 ± 0.012	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.915LysAla: 3.915 ± 0.018	1.006LysCys: 1.006 ± 0.007	3.47LysAsp: 3.47 ± 0.016	4.817LysGlu: 4.817 ± 0.023	2.262LysPhe: 2.262 ± 0.014	3.618LysGly: 3.618 ± 0.02	1.369LysHis: 1.369 ± 0.009	3.406LysIle: 3.406 ± 0.014	4.973LysLys: 4.973 ± 0.026	6.042LysLeu: 6.042 ± 0.02	1.53LysMet: 1.53 ± 0.01	2.849LysAsn: 2.849 ± 0.013	2.661LysPro: 2.661 ± 0.013	2.384LysGln: 2.384 ± 0.014	3.518LysArg: 3.518 ± 0.018	4.696LysSer: 4.696 ± 0.018	3.063LysThr: 3.063 ± 0.015	4.03LysVal: 4.03 ± 0.016	0.791LysTrp: 0.791 ± 0.007	1.721LysTyr: 1.721 ± 0.011	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.149LeuAla: 6.149 ± 0.026	1.856LeuCys: 1.856 ± 0.013	5.127LeuAsp: 5.127 ± 0.019	6.372LeuGlu: 6.372 ± 0.023	4.016LeuPhe: 4.016 ± 0.021	5.768LeuGly: 5.768 ± 0.025	2.636LeuHis: 2.636 ± 0.015	4.921LeuIle: 4.921 ± 0.019	6.347LeuLys: 6.347 ± 0.024	10.108LeuLeu: 10.108 ± 0.04	2.221LeuMet: 2.221 ± 0.01	4.147LeuAsn: 4.147 ± 0.015	5.079LeuPro: 5.079 ± 0.018	4.439LeuGln: 4.439 ± 0.02	5.143LeuArg: 5.143 ± 0.022	8.553LeuSer: 8.553 ± 0.035	4.444LeuThr: 4.444 ± 0.018	6.392LeuVal: 6.392 ± 0.021	1.131LeuTrp: 1.131 ± 0.01	2.688LeuTyr: 2.688 ± 0.015	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	1.959MetAla: 1.959 ± 0.013	0.351MetCys: 0.351 ± 0.005	1.504MetAsp: 1.504 ± 0.011	2.004MetGlu: 2.004 ± 0.011	0.893MetPhe: 0.893 ± 0.008	1.597MetGly: 1.597 ± 0.01	0.558MetHis: 0.558 ± 0.005	1.278MetIle: 1.278 ± 0.01	1.699MetLys: 1.699 ± 0.011	2.236MetLeu: 2.236 ± 0.011	0.729MetMet: 0.729 ± 0.008	1.071MetAsn: 1.071 ± 0.009	1.029MetPro: 1.029 ± 0.01	0.959MetGln: 0.959 ± 0.007	1.171MetArg: 1.171 ± 0.008	1.798MetSer: 1.798 ± 0.011	1.085MetThr: 1.085 ± 0.009	1.75MetVal: 1.75 ± 0.01	0.268MetTrp: 0.268 ± 0.004	0.649MetTyr: 0.649 ± 0.006	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.581AsnAla: 2.581 ± 0.015	0.853AsnCys: 0.853 ± 0.009	2.237AsnAsp: 2.237 ± 0.014	2.668AsnGlu: 2.668 ± 0.014	1.945AsnPhe: 1.945 ± 0.013	3.335AsnGly: 3.335 ± 0.019	1.169AsnHis: 1.169 ± 0.009	2.739AsnIle: 2.739 ± 0.014	2.631AsnLys: 2.631 ± 0.014	4.684AsnLeu: 4.684 ± 0.023	1.164AsnMet: 1.164 ± 0.009	2.553AsnAsn: 2.553 ± 0.016	2.358AsnPro: 2.358 ± 0.014	1.812AsnGln: 1.812 ± 0.011	2.043AsnArg: 2.043 ± 0.012	4.002AsnSer: 4.002 ± 0.016	2.195AsnThr: 2.195 ± 0.012	2.956AsnVal: 2.956 ± 0.013	0.565AsnTrp: 0.565 ± 0.007	1.406AsnTyr: 1.406 ± 0.009	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	2.568ProAla: 2.568 ± 0.016	0.734ProCys: 0.734 ± 0.007	2.403ProAsp: 2.403 ± 0.014	2.962ProGlu: 2.962 ± 0.017	1.994ProPhe: 1.994 ± 0.012	2.755ProGly: 2.755 ± 0.043	1.084ProHis: 1.084 ± 0.008	2.494ProIle: 2.494 ± 0.014	2.664ProLys: 2.664 ± 0.014	4.247ProLeu: 4.247 ± 0.02	0.974ProMet: 0.974 ± 0.008	2.278ProAsn: 2.278 ± 0.014	3.288ProPro: 3.288 ± 0.031	1.739ProGln: 1.739 ± 0.012	2.141ProArg: 2.141 ± 0.012	4.992ProSer: 4.992 ± 0.028	2.645ProThr: 2.645 ± 0.015	2.931ProVal: 2.931 ± 0.015	0.575ProTrp: 0.575 ± 0.006	1.347ProTyr: 1.347 ± 0.012	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.332GlnAla: 2.332 ± 0.014	0.614GlnCys: 0.614 ± 0.008	1.737GlnAsp: 1.737 ± 0.012	2.424GlnGlu: 2.424 ± 0.015	1.474GlnPhe: 1.474 ± 0.009	2.162GlnGly: 2.162 ± 0.014	0.99GlnHis: 0.99 ± 0.008	2.124GlnIle: 2.124 ± 0.014	2.414GlnLys: 2.414 ± 0.013	3.698GlnLeu: 3.698 ± 0.017	0.97GlnMet: 0.97 ± 0.008	1.851GlnAsn: 1.851 ± 0.012	1.645GlnPro: 1.645 ± 0.013	2.418GlnGln: 2.418 ± 0.039	2.101GlnArg: 2.101 ± 0.013	2.921GlnSer: 2.921 ± 0.017	1.842GlnThr: 1.842 ± 0.012	2.51GlnVal: 2.51 ± 0.012	0.45GlnTrp: 0.45 ± 0.006	1.023GlnTyr: 1.023 ± 0.008	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	2.923ArgAla: 2.923 ± 0.016	0.962ArgCys: 0.962 ± 0.008	2.615ArgAsp: 2.615 ± 0.015	3.219ArgGlu: 3.219 ± 0.017	2.164ArgPhe: 2.164 ± 0.012	3.043ArgGly: 3.043 ± 0.018	1.214ArgHis: 1.214 ± 0.009	2.907ArgIle: 2.907 ± 0.015	3.706ArgLys: 3.706 ± 0.017	4.847ArgLeu: 4.847 ± 0.02	1.3ArgMet: 1.3 ± 0.009	2.516ArgAsn: 2.516 ± 0.013	2.277ArgPro: 2.277 ± 0.032	1.81ArgGln: 1.81 ± 0.013	3.524ArgArg: 3.524 ± 0.019	4.254ArgSer: 4.254 ± 0.024	2.428ArgThr: 2.428 ± 0.013	3.181ArgVal: 3.181 ± 0.014	0.695ArgTrp: 0.695 ± 0.007	1.461ArgTyr: 1.461 ± 0.012	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	4.945SerAla: 4.945 ± 0.019	1.708SerCys: 1.708 ± 0.011	4.373SerAsp: 4.373 ± 0.022	4.831SerGlu: 4.831 ± 0.022	4.003SerPhe: 4.003 ± 0.019	5.728SerGly: 5.728 ± 0.025	1.984SerHis: 1.984 ± 0.013	4.956SerIle: 4.956 ± 0.018	5.031SerLys: 5.031 ± 0.019	8.698SerLeu: 8.698 ± 0.026	2.094SerMet: 2.094 ± 0.012	4.254SerAsn: 4.254 ± 0.018	4.209SerPro: 4.209 ± 0.023	3.075SerGln: 3.075 ± 0.016	4.363SerArg: 4.363 ± 0.022	11.569SerSer: 11.569 ± 0.046	4.994SerThr: 4.994 ± 0.019	5.331SerVal: 5.331 ± 0.021	1.17SerTrp: 1.17 ± 0.009	2.403SerTyr: 2.403 ± 0.014	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.164ThrAla: 3.164 ± 0.014	0.969ThrCys: 0.969 ± 0.009	2.394ThrAsp: 2.394 ± 0.011	2.841ThrGlu: 2.841 ± 0.015	2.101ThrPhe: 2.101 ± 0.012	3.269ThrGly: 3.269 ± 0.017	1.095ThrHis: 1.095 ± 0.009	3.009ThrIle: 3.009 ± 0.015	2.908ThrLys: 2.908 ± 0.016	4.788ThrLeu: 4.788 ± 0.017	1.249ThrMet: 1.249 ± 0.008	2.305ThrAsn: 2.305 ± 0.011	2.616ThrPro: 2.616 ± 0.017	1.644ThrGln: 1.644 ± 0.011	2.34ThrArg: 2.34 ± 0.014	4.896ThrSer: 4.896 ± 0.02	3.467ThrThr: 3.467 ± 0.021	3.359ThrVal: 3.359 ± 0.017	0.644ThrTrp: 0.644 ± 0.007	1.49ThrTyr: 1.49 ± 0.012	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.567ValAla: 4.567 ± 0.02	1.251ValCys: 1.251 ± 0.01	3.802ValAsp: 3.802 ± 0.017	4.448ValGlu: 4.448 ± 0.02	2.747ValPhe: 2.747 ± 0.013	4.21ValGly: 4.21 ± 0.02	1.551ValHis: 1.551 ± 0.01	3.644ValIle: 3.644 ± 0.018	3.927ValLys: 3.927 ± 0.016	6.45ValLeu: 6.45 ± 0.024	1.576ValMet: 1.576 ± 0.009	2.689ValAsn: 2.689 ± 0.015	3.153ValPro: 3.153 ± 0.016	2.412ValGln: 2.412 ± 0.011	3.062ValArg: 3.062 ± 0.015	5.481ValSer: 5.481 ± 0.018	3.214ValThr: 3.214 ± 0.015	5.009ValVal: 5.009 ± 0.024	0.764ValTrp: 0.764 ± 0.007	1.98ValTyr: 1.98 ± 0.011	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.733TrpAla: 0.733 ± 0.007	0.24TrpCys: 0.24 ± 0.004	0.699TrpAsp: 0.699 ± 0.007	0.763TrpGlu: 0.763 ± 0.008	0.551TrpPhe: 0.551 ± 0.006	0.727TrpGly: 0.727 ± 0.009	0.277TrpHis: 0.277 ± 0.004	0.764TrpIle: 0.764 ± 0.008	0.948TrpLys: 0.948 ± 0.008	1.209TrpLeu: 1.209 ± 0.01	0.347TrpMet: 0.347 ± 0.005	0.716TrpAsn: 0.716 ± 0.008	0.506TrpPro: 0.506 ± 0.007	0.423TrpGln: 0.423 ± 0.004	0.78TrpArg: 0.78 ± 0.007	0.964TrpSer: 0.964 ± 0.008	0.652TrpThr: 0.652 ± 0.006	0.778TrpVal: 0.778 ± 0.007	0.235TrpTrp: 0.235 ± 0.004	0.36TrpTyr: 0.36 ± 0.005	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.759TyrAla: 1.759 ± 0.011	0.659TyrCys: 0.659 ± 0.008	1.577TyrAsp: 1.577 ± 0.011	1.608TyrGlu: 1.608 ± 0.01	1.36TyrPhe: 1.36 ± 0.01	2.233TyrGly: 2.233 ± 0.015	0.762TyrHis: 0.762 ± 0.008	1.637TyrIle: 1.637 ± 0.011	1.639TyrLys: 1.639 ± 0.01	2.906TyrLeu: 2.906 ± 0.016	0.779TyrMet: 0.779 ± 0.008	1.446TyrAsn: 1.446 ± 0.011	1.306TyrPro: 1.306 ± 0.009	1.043TyrGln: 1.043 ± 0.009	1.486TyrArg: 1.486 ± 0.01	2.405TyrSer: 2.405 ± 0.013	1.415TyrThr: 1.415 ± 0.009	1.839TyrVal: 1.839 ± 0.012	0.41TyrTrp: 0.41 ± 0.005	1.038TyrTyr: 1.038 ± 0.01	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.006XaaXaa: 0.006 ± 0.003

Statistics based on 37018 proteins (15996891 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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