Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Rhodotorula taiwanensis

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	16.186AlaAla: 16.186 ± 0.116	1.061AlaCys: 1.061 ± 0.018	5.791AlaAsp: 5.791 ± 0.046	6.337AlaGlu: 6.337 ± 0.048	3.638AlaPhe: 3.638 ± 0.037	8.218AlaGly: 8.218 ± 0.054	2.349AlaHis: 2.349 ± 0.026	4.005AlaIle: 4.005 ± 0.034	4.46AlaLys: 4.46 ± 0.043	9.83AlaLeu: 9.83 ± 0.064	1.995AlaMet: 1.995 ± 0.026	2.974AlaAsn: 2.974 ± 0.031	7.783AlaPro: 7.783 ± 0.07	4.363AlaGln: 4.363 ± 0.038	7.333AlaArg: 7.333 ± 0.056	11.033AlaSer: 11.033 ± 0.076	7.247AlaThr: 7.247 ± 0.051	6.656AlaVal: 6.656 ± 0.043	1.229AlaTrp: 1.229 ± 0.019	2.354AlaTyr: 2.354 ± 0.024	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	0.95CysAla: 0.95 ± 0.017	0.185CysCys: 0.185 ± 0.008	0.535CysAsp: 0.535 ± 0.012	0.507CysGlu: 0.507 ± 0.012	0.406CysPhe: 0.406 ± 0.011	0.825CysGly: 0.825 ± 0.021	0.228CysHis: 0.228 ± 0.009	0.454CysIle: 0.454 ± 0.012	0.353CysLys: 0.353 ± 0.01	1.004CysLeu: 1.004 ± 0.017	0.18CysMet: 0.18 ± 0.007	0.255CysAsn: 0.255 ± 0.009	0.585CysPro: 0.585 ± 0.016	0.328CysGln: 0.328 ± 0.011	0.644CysArg: 0.644 ± 0.013	0.761CysSer: 0.761 ± 0.013	0.571CysThr: 0.571 ± 0.014	0.642CysVal: 0.642 ± 0.015	0.151CysTrp: 0.151 ± 0.007	0.242CysTyr: 0.242 ± 0.009	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	6.379AspAla: 6.379 ± 0.053	0.51AspCys: 0.51 ± 0.013	5.206AspAsp: 5.206 ± 0.062	5.194AspGlu: 5.194 ± 0.049	1.997AspPhe: 1.997 ± 0.026	4.39AspGly: 4.39 ± 0.04	1.084AspHis: 1.084 ± 0.016	1.862AspIle: 1.862 ± 0.023	2.121AspLys: 2.121 ± 0.029	5.48AspLeu: 5.48 ± 0.043	0.913AspMet: 0.913 ± 0.015	1.187AspAsn: 1.187 ± 0.019	3.682AspPro: 3.682 ± 0.036	1.781AspGln: 1.781 ± 0.024	3.599AspArg: 3.599 ± 0.039	4.404AspSer: 4.404 ± 0.035	2.317AspThr: 2.317 ± 0.025	3.612AspVal: 3.612 ± 0.033	0.852AspTrp: 0.852 ± 0.016	1.331AspTyr: 1.331 ± 0.02	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	6.673GluAla: 6.673 ± 0.052	0.51GluCys: 0.51 ± 0.012	3.97GluAsp: 3.97 ± 0.046	5.188GluGlu: 5.188 ± 0.06	1.436GluPhe: 1.436 ± 0.02	4.006GluGly: 4.006 ± 0.037	1.367GluHis: 1.367 ± 0.022	2.3GluIle: 2.3 ± 0.026	2.813GluLys: 2.813 ± 0.033	5.459GluLeu: 5.459 ± 0.049	1.252GluMet: 1.252 ± 0.018	1.416GluAsn: 1.416 ± 0.018	3.14GluPro: 3.14 ± 0.035	2.722GluGln: 2.722 ± 0.027	4.888GluArg: 4.888 ± 0.041	3.705GluSer: 3.705 ± 0.031	3.306GluThr: 3.306 ± 0.033	3.553GluVal: 3.553 ± 0.035	0.882GluTrp: 0.882 ± 0.018	1.329GluTyr: 1.329 ± 0.022	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	3.642PheAla: 3.642 ± 0.038	0.439PheCys: 0.439 ± 0.013	2.195PheAsp: 2.195 ± 0.024	1.967PheGlu: 1.967 ± 0.024	1.324PhePhe: 1.324 ± 0.023	2.75PheGly: 2.75 ± 0.045	0.691PheHis: 0.691 ± 0.014	1.151PheIle: 1.151 ± 0.02	1.109PheLys: 1.109 ± 0.02	3.059PheLeu: 3.059 ± 0.035	0.52PheMet: 0.52 ± 0.012	0.886PheAsn: 0.886 ± 0.014	1.77PhePro: 1.77 ± 0.026	0.993PheGln: 0.993 ± 0.015	1.909PheArg: 1.909 ± 0.025	2.663PheSer: 2.663 ± 0.027	1.656PheThr: 1.656 ± 0.025	2.333PheVal: 2.333 ± 0.024	0.452PheTrp: 0.452 ± 0.013	0.808PheTyr: 0.808 ± 0.016	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	7.472GlyAla: 7.472 ± 0.053	0.683GlyCys: 0.683 ± 0.014	3.916GlyAsp: 3.916 ± 0.035	3.941GlyGlu: 3.941 ± 0.034	2.454GlyPhe: 2.454 ± 0.03	7.596GlyGly: 7.596 ± 0.087	1.6GlyHis: 1.6 ± 0.025	2.706GlyIle: 2.706 ± 0.036	3.383GlyLys: 3.383 ± 0.042	5.995GlyLeu: 5.995 ± 0.045	1.384GlyMet: 1.384 ± 0.023	1.861GlyAsn: 1.861 ± 0.025	4.101GlyPro: 4.101 ± 0.044	2.654GlyGln: 2.654 ± 0.032	4.694GlyArg: 4.694 ± 0.043	6.478GlySer: 6.478 ± 0.054	4.153GlyThr: 4.153 ± 0.035	4.228GlyVal: 4.228 ± 0.039	1.078GlyTrp: 1.078 ± 0.019	1.797GlyTyr: 1.797 ± 0.028	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	2.482HisAla: 2.482 ± 0.026	0.244HisCys: 0.244 ± 0.008	1.302HisAsp: 1.302 ± 0.02	1.257HisGlu: 1.257 ± 0.021	0.812HisPhe: 0.812 ± 0.017	1.59HisGly: 1.59 ± 0.022	0.752HisHis: 0.752 ± 0.018	0.779HisIle: 0.779 ± 0.015	0.67HisLys: 0.67 ± 0.014	2.408HisLeu: 2.408 ± 0.024	0.318HisMet: 0.318 ± 0.01	0.528HisAsn: 0.528 ± 0.012	1.658HisPro: 1.658 ± 0.023	0.793HisGln: 0.793 ± 0.014	1.549HisArg: 1.549 ± 0.021	1.772HisSer: 1.772 ± 0.026	1.033HisThr: 1.033 ± 0.017	1.421HisVal: 1.421 ± 0.022	0.26HisTrp: 0.26 ± 0.009	0.59HisTyr: 0.59 ± 0.013	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	4.128IleAla: 4.128 ± 0.042	0.478IleCys: 0.478 ± 0.012	2.369IleAsp: 2.369 ± 0.023	2.356IleGlu: 2.356 ± 0.029	1.265IlePhe: 1.265 ± 0.022	2.602IleGly: 2.602 ± 0.029	0.736IleHis: 0.736 ± 0.013	1.312IleIle: 1.312 ± 0.021	1.539IleLys: 1.539 ± 0.02	3.361IleLeu: 3.361 ± 0.032	0.635IleMet: 0.635 ± 0.013	0.976IleAsn: 0.976 ± 0.017	2.26IlePro: 2.26 ± 0.026	1.218IleGln: 1.218 ± 0.018	2.404IleArg: 2.404 ± 0.031	2.701IleSer: 2.701 ± 0.025	1.765IleThr: 1.765 ± 0.024	2.672IleVal: 2.672 ± 0.028	0.484IleTrp: 0.484 ± 0.011	0.86IleTyr: 0.86 ± 0.016	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.415LysAla: 4.415 ± 0.046	0.319LysCys: 0.319 ± 0.01	2.106LysAsp: 2.106 ± 0.023	2.722LysGlu: 2.722 ± 0.035	0.946LysPhe: 0.946 ± 0.017	2.867LysGly: 2.867 ± 0.032	0.853LysHis: 0.853 ± 0.017	1.479LysIle: 1.479 ± 0.019	2.678LysLys: 2.678 ± 0.043	3.499LysLeu: 3.499 ± 0.034	0.755LysMet: 0.755 ± 0.014	1.026LysAsn: 1.026 ± 0.017	2.431LysPro: 2.431 ± 0.028	1.666LysGln: 1.666 ± 0.022	3.66LysArg: 3.66 ± 0.037	2.781LysSer: 2.781 ± 0.027	2.136LysThr: 2.136 ± 0.025	2.526LysVal: 2.526 ± 0.029	0.512LysTrp: 0.512 ± 0.012	0.907LysTyr: 0.907 ± 0.018	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	10.75LeuAla: 10.75 ± 0.064	1.023LeuCys: 1.023 ± 0.016	5.676LeuAsp: 5.676 ± 0.049	5.719LeuGlu: 5.719 ± 0.046	3.081LeuPhe: 3.081 ± 0.035	6.002LeuGly: 6.002 ± 0.04	2.154LeuHis: 2.154 ± 0.025	3.106LeuIle: 3.106 ± 0.034	3.391LeuLys: 3.391 ± 0.033	8.566LeuLeu: 8.566 ± 0.072	1.38LeuMet: 1.38 ± 0.02	2.386LeuAsn: 2.386 ± 0.024	6.556LeuPro: 6.556 ± 0.051	3.412LeuGln: 3.412 ± 0.037	6.476LeuArg: 6.476 ± 0.048	7.667LeuSer: 7.667 ± 0.061	4.681LeuThr: 4.681 ± 0.034	6.274LeuVal: 6.274 ± 0.053	1.017LeuTrp: 1.017 ± 0.017	2.078LeuTyr: 2.078 ± 0.026	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	1.891MetAla: 1.891 ± 0.022	0.174MetCys: 0.174 ± 0.007	0.866MetAsp: 0.866 ± 0.015	0.798MetGlu: 0.798 ± 0.015	0.5MetPhe: 0.5 ± 0.011	1.083MetGly: 1.083 ± 0.02	0.396MetHis: 0.396 ± 0.012	0.623MetIle: 0.623 ± 0.012	0.605MetLys: 0.605 ± 0.014	1.625MetLeu: 1.625 ± 0.024	0.375MetMet: 0.375 ± 0.01	0.463MetAsn: 0.463 ± 0.012	1.237MetPro: 1.237 ± 0.021	0.768MetGln: 0.768 ± 0.017	1.224MetArg: 1.224 ± 0.019	1.706MetSer: 1.706 ± 0.025	1.081MetThr: 1.081 ± 0.015	0.923MetVal: 0.923 ± 0.015	0.192MetTrp: 0.192 ± 0.007	0.425MetTyr: 0.425 ± 0.012	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.993AsnAla: 2.993 ± 0.033	0.269AsnCys: 0.269 ± 0.01	1.425AsnAsp: 1.425 ± 0.021	1.507AsnGlu: 1.507 ± 0.021	0.848AsnPhe: 0.848 ± 0.015	2.594AsnGly: 2.594 ± 0.03	0.506AsnHis: 0.506 ± 0.01	0.946AsnIle: 0.946 ± 0.016	1.062AsnLys: 1.062 ± 0.017	2.473AsnLeu: 2.473 ± 0.029	0.433AsnMet: 0.433 ± 0.012	0.692AsnAsn: 0.692 ± 0.015	1.8AsnPro: 1.8 ± 0.024	0.814AsnGln: 0.814 ± 0.017	1.595AsnArg: 1.595 ± 0.021	1.932AsnSer: 1.932 ± 0.025	1.158AsnThr: 1.158 ± 0.018	1.749AsnVal: 1.749 ± 0.022	0.355AsnTrp: 0.355 ± 0.009	0.627AsnTyr: 0.627 ± 0.014	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	8.61ProAla: 8.61 ± 0.074	0.433ProCys: 0.433 ± 0.012	3.374ProAsp: 3.374 ± 0.027	3.39ProGlu: 3.39 ± 0.031	2.178ProPhe: 2.178 ± 0.027	3.993ProGly: 3.993 ± 0.036	1.526ProHis: 1.526 ± 0.025	2.292ProIle: 2.292 ± 0.024	2.319ProLys: 2.319 ± 0.027	5.704ProLeu: 5.704 ± 0.043	0.94ProMet: 0.94 ± 0.017	1.807ProAsn: 1.807 ± 0.026	7.491ProPro: 7.491 ± 0.098	2.274ProGln: 2.274 ± 0.033	4.3ProArg: 4.3 ± 0.042	7.547ProSer: 7.547 ± 0.067	4.898ProThr: 4.898 ± 0.042	4.164ProVal: 4.164 ± 0.032	0.601ProTrp: 0.601 ± 0.014	1.472ProTyr: 1.472 ± 0.024	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	4.234GlnAla: 4.234 ± 0.046	0.316GlnCys: 0.316 ± 0.01	1.895GlnAsp: 1.895 ± 0.023	2.013GlnGlu: 2.013 ± 0.026	0.986GlnPhe: 0.986 ± 0.016	2.246GlnGly: 2.246 ± 0.028	1.056GlnHis: 1.056 ± 0.02	1.447GlnIle: 1.447 ± 0.02	1.437GlnLys: 1.437 ± 0.022	3.65GlnLeu: 3.65 ± 0.036	0.673GlnMet: 0.673 ± 0.015	0.975GlnAsn: 0.975 ± 0.016	2.629GlnPro: 2.629 ± 0.031	2.897GlnGln: 2.897 ± 0.069	2.883GlnArg: 2.883 ± 0.034	2.754GlnSer: 2.754 ± 0.027	2.048GlnThr: 2.048 ± 0.026	2.216GlnVal: 2.216 ± 0.022	0.438GlnTrp: 0.438 ± 0.01	0.885GlnTyr: 0.885 ± 0.016	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	6.973ArgAla: 6.973 ± 0.049	0.654ArgCys: 0.654 ± 0.014	3.872ArgAsp: 3.872 ± 0.038	4.239ArgGlu: 4.239 ± 0.034	2.228ArgPhe: 2.228 ± 0.023	4.186ArgGly: 4.186 ± 0.042	1.612ArgHis: 1.612 ± 0.023	2.687ArgIle: 2.687 ± 0.033	3.42ArgLys: 3.42 ± 0.037	6.522ArgLeu: 6.522 ± 0.055	1.252ArgMet: 1.252 ± 0.019	1.913ArgAsn: 1.913 ± 0.023	4.618ArgPro: 4.618 ± 0.046	2.853ArgGln: 2.853 ± 0.036	6.587ArgArg: 6.587 ± 0.06	5.904ArgSer: 5.904 ± 0.055	4.005ArgThr: 4.005 ± 0.031	3.861ArgVal: 3.861 ± 0.035	0.914ArgTrp: 0.914 ± 0.017	1.549ArgTyr: 1.549 ± 0.02	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	10.077SerAla: 10.077 ± 0.072	0.707SerCys: 0.707 ± 0.016	4.498SerAsp: 4.498 ± 0.041	3.904SerGlu: 3.904 ± 0.035	2.795SerPhe: 2.795 ± 0.031	6.177SerGly: 6.177 ± 0.05	1.943SerHis: 1.943 ± 0.024	3.0SerIle: 3.0 ± 0.032	2.859SerLys: 2.859 ± 0.029	8.008SerLeu: 8.008 ± 0.058	1.394SerMet: 1.394 ± 0.021	2.222SerAsn: 2.222 ± 0.029	6.944SerPro: 6.944 ± 0.073	2.798SerGln: 2.798 ± 0.029	5.942SerArg: 5.942 ± 0.061	11.029SerSer: 11.029 ± 0.134	6.645SerThr: 6.645 ± 0.055	4.627SerVal: 4.627 ± 0.036	0.933SerTrp: 0.933 ± 0.017	1.841SerTyr: 1.841 ± 0.023	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	6.968ThrAla: 6.968 ± 0.048	0.628ThrCys: 0.628 ± 0.017	2.758ThrAsp: 2.758 ± 0.025	2.723ThrGlu: 2.723 ± 0.028	1.997ThrPhe: 1.997 ± 0.025	4.313ThrGly: 4.313 ± 0.041	1.11ThrHis: 1.11 ± 0.018	2.212ThrIle: 2.212 ± 0.024	1.998ThrLys: 1.998 ± 0.029	5.48ThrLeu: 5.48 ± 0.043	0.878ThrMet: 0.878 ± 0.015	1.444ThrAsn: 1.444 ± 0.021	4.626ThrPro: 4.626 ± 0.04	1.681ThrGln: 1.681 ± 0.02	3.589ThrArg: 3.589 ± 0.035	6.075ThrSer: 6.075 ± 0.058	4.182ThrThr: 4.182 ± 0.044	3.58ThrVal: 3.58 ± 0.037	0.699ThrTrp: 0.699 ± 0.014	1.323ThrTyr: 1.323 ± 0.02	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	6.596ValAla: 6.596 ± 0.042	0.713ValCys: 0.713 ± 0.016	3.897ValAsp: 3.897 ± 0.035	4.151ValGlu: 4.151 ± 0.04	2.123ValPhe: 2.123 ± 0.028	4.127ValGly: 4.127 ± 0.041	1.379ValHis: 1.379 ± 0.021	2.296ValIle: 2.296 ± 0.028	2.721ValLys: 2.721 ± 0.031	5.716ValLeu: 5.716 ± 0.048	1.031ValMet: 1.031 ± 0.018	1.646ValAsn: 1.646 ± 0.02	4.165ValPro: 4.165 ± 0.033	2.334ValGln: 2.334 ± 0.024	4.043ValArg: 4.043 ± 0.034	4.648ValSer: 4.648 ± 0.038	3.247ValThr: 3.247 ± 0.033	4.433ValVal: 4.433 ± 0.041	0.82ValTrp: 0.82 ± 0.017	1.452ValTyr: 1.452 ± 0.021	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	1.102TrpAla: 1.102 ± 0.017	0.174TrpCys: 0.174 ± 0.008	0.77TrpAsp: 0.77 ± 0.015	0.695TrpGlu: 0.695 ± 0.013	0.424TrpPhe: 0.424 ± 0.009	0.688TrpGly: 0.688 ± 0.017	0.308TrpHis: 0.308 ± 0.01	0.592TrpIle: 0.592 ± 0.013	0.547TrpLys: 0.547 ± 0.011	1.199TrpLeu: 1.199 ± 0.021	0.269TrpMet: 0.269 ± 0.009	0.428TrpAsn: 0.428 ± 0.011	0.554TrpPro: 0.554 ± 0.012	0.512TrpGln: 0.512 ± 0.011	0.982TrpArg: 0.982 ± 0.019	1.008TrpSer: 1.008 ± 0.018	0.913TrpThr: 0.913 ± 0.017	0.694TrpVal: 0.694 ± 0.015	0.237TrpTrp: 0.237 ± 0.009	0.335TrpTyr: 0.335 ± 0.01	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.324TyrAla: 2.324 ± 0.027	0.286TyrCys: 0.286 ± 0.01	1.484TyrAsp: 1.484 ± 0.022	1.305TyrGlu: 1.305 ± 0.018	0.878TyrPhe: 0.878 ± 0.016	1.917TyrGly: 1.917 ± 0.027	0.569TyrHis: 0.569 ± 0.012	0.871TyrIle: 0.871 ± 0.018	0.801TyrLys: 0.801 ± 0.016	2.358TyrLeu: 2.358 ± 0.027	0.376TyrMet: 0.376 ± 0.01	0.69TyrAsn: 0.69 ± 0.015	1.285TyrPro: 1.285 ± 0.021	0.816TyrGln: 0.816 ± 0.015	1.546TyrArg: 1.546 ± 0.021	1.777TyrSer: 1.777 ± 0.022	1.223TyrThr: 1.223 ± 0.019	1.374TyrVal: 1.374 ± 0.022	0.327TyrTrp: 0.327 ± 0.01	0.661TyrTyr: 0.661 ± 0.013	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001

Statistics based on 7012 proteins (3853630 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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