Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Eschrichtius robustus (California gray whale) (Eschrichtius gibbosus)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	7.368AlaAla: 7.368 ± 0.076	1.585AlaCys: 1.585 ± 0.025	2.977AlaAsp: 2.977 ± 0.033	4.941AlaGlu: 4.941 ± 0.045	2.932AlaPhe: 2.932 ± 0.036	5.333AlaGly: 5.333 ± 0.051	1.794AlaHis: 1.794 ± 0.023	2.635AlaIle: 2.635 ± 0.027	3.299AlaLys: 3.299 ± 0.037	8.175AlaLeu: 8.175 ± 0.063	1.555AlaMet: 1.555 ± 0.022	1.874AlaAsn: 1.874 ± 0.024	4.774AlaPro: 4.774 ± 0.054	3.55AlaGln: 3.55 ± 0.043	4.239AlaArg: 4.239 ± 0.044	6.082AlaSer: 6.082 ± 0.053	3.651AlaThr: 3.651 ± 0.031	5.183AlaVal: 5.183 ± 0.042	0.939AlaTrp: 0.939 ± 0.016	1.621AlaTyr: 1.621 ± 0.023	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.363CysAla: 1.363 ± 0.025	0.65CysCys: 0.65 ± 0.013	1.002CysAsp: 1.002 ± 0.021	1.221CysGlu: 1.221 ± 0.024	0.892CysPhe: 0.892 ± 0.017	1.9CysGly: 1.9 ± 0.038	0.679CysHis: 0.679 ± 0.016	0.869CysIle: 0.869 ± 0.02	1.057CysLys: 1.057 ± 0.021	2.27CysLeu: 2.27 ± 0.034	0.414CysMet: 0.414 ± 0.012	0.774CysAsn: 0.774 ± 0.017	1.564CysPro: 1.564 ± 0.027	1.044CysGln: 1.044 ± 0.019	1.391CysArg: 1.391 ± 0.021	2.11CysSer: 2.11 ± 0.029	1.126CysThr: 1.126 ± 0.021	1.36CysVal: 1.36 ± 0.022	0.318CysTrp: 0.318 ± 0.009	0.597CysTyr: 0.597 ± 0.015	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.905AspAla: 2.905 ± 0.031	1.063AspCys: 1.063 ± 0.021	2.387AspAsp: 2.387 ± 0.042	3.217AspGlu: 3.217 ± 0.043	2.091AspPhe: 2.091 ± 0.023	3.342AspGly: 3.342 ± 0.037	1.171AspHis: 1.171 ± 0.019	2.278AspIle: 2.278 ± 0.031	2.209AspLys: 2.209 ± 0.028	5.038AspLeu: 5.038 ± 0.04	1.072AspMet: 1.072 ± 0.018	1.442AspAsn: 1.442 ± 0.027	3.073AspPro: 3.073 ± 0.032	1.766AspGln: 1.766 ± 0.024	2.487AspArg: 2.487 ± 0.027	4.089AspSer: 4.089 ± 0.04	2.405AspThr: 2.405 ± 0.029	3.025AspVal: 3.025 ± 0.033	0.647AspTrp: 0.647 ± 0.014	1.34AspTyr: 1.34 ± 0.019	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	5.718GluAla: 5.718 ± 0.059	1.4GluCys: 1.4 ± 0.04	4.251GluAsp: 4.251 ± 0.044	7.804GluGlu: 7.804 ± 0.1	1.918GluPhe: 1.918 ± 0.025	4.458GluGly: 4.458 ± 0.038	1.492GluHis: 1.492 ± 0.02	2.628GluIle: 2.628 ± 0.031	4.903GluLys: 4.903 ± 0.059	6.503GluLeu: 6.503 ± 0.058	1.601GluMet: 1.601 ± 0.023	2.656GluAsn: 2.656 ± 0.033	3.565GluPro: 3.565 ± 0.047	3.112GluGln: 3.112 ± 0.034	4.018GluArg: 4.018 ± 0.042	4.157GluSer: 4.157 ± 0.045	3.272GluThr: 3.272 ± 0.031	4.21GluVal: 4.21 ± 0.04	0.65GluTrp: 0.65 ± 0.015	1.401GluTyr: 1.401 ± 0.022	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Phe	2.092PheAla: 2.092 ± 0.029	0.984PheCys: 0.984 ± 0.017	1.622PheAsp: 1.622 ± 0.02	1.926PheGlu: 1.926 ± 0.025	1.618PhePhe: 1.618 ± 0.026	2.279PheGly: 2.279 ± 0.028	1.057PheHis: 1.057 ± 0.019	1.705PheIle: 1.705 ± 0.028	1.619PheLys: 1.619 ± 0.024	4.263PheLeu: 4.263 ± 0.046	0.727PheMet: 0.727 ± 0.016	1.204PheAsn: 1.204 ± 0.018	2.103PhePro: 2.103 ± 0.024	1.778PheGln: 1.778 ± 0.024	2.021PheArg: 2.021 ± 0.028	3.532PheSer: 3.532 ± 0.035	1.994PheThr: 1.994 ± 0.027	2.245PheVal: 2.245 ± 0.03	0.516PheTrp: 0.516 ± 0.013	1.135PheTyr: 1.135 ± 0.019	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	5.169GlyAla: 5.169 ± 0.057	1.429GlyCys: 1.429 ± 0.022	3.203GlyAsp: 3.203 ± 0.032	4.37GlyGlu: 4.37 ± 0.044	2.499GlyPhe: 2.499 ± 0.034	5.4GlyGly: 5.4 ± 0.068	1.86GlyHis: 1.86 ± 0.029	2.569GlyIle: 2.569 ± 0.033	3.658GlyLys: 3.658 ± 0.04	6.663GlyLeu: 6.663 ± 0.054	1.279GlyMet: 1.279 ± 0.022	2.185GlyAsn: 2.185 ± 0.023	4.731GlyPro: 4.731 ± 0.061	2.931GlyGln: 2.931 ± 0.034	4.1GlyArg: 4.1 ± 0.049	6.035GlySer: 6.035 ± 0.054	3.692GlyThr: 3.692 ± 0.032	3.828GlyVal: 3.828 ± 0.038	0.885GlyTrp: 0.885 ± 0.016	1.714GlyTyr: 1.714 ± 0.028	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.433HisAla: 1.433 ± 0.02	0.744HisCys: 0.744 ± 0.015	0.852HisAsp: 0.852 ± 0.016	1.219HisGlu: 1.219 ± 0.019	1.085HisPhe: 1.085 ± 0.018	1.63HisGly: 1.63 ± 0.026	0.888HisHis: 0.888 ± 0.02	1.13HisIle: 1.13 ± 0.022	1.166HisLys: 1.166 ± 0.022	3.109HisLeu: 3.109 ± 0.035	0.587HisMet: 0.587 ± 0.012	0.805HisAsn: 0.805 ± 0.016	1.756HisPro: 1.756 ± 0.026	1.431HisGln: 1.431 ± 0.03	1.77HisArg: 1.77 ± 0.025	2.287HisSer: 2.287 ± 0.031	1.6HisThr: 1.6 ± 0.035	1.639HisVal: 1.639 ± 0.024	0.377HisTrp: 0.377 ± 0.01	0.81HisTyr: 0.81 ± 0.016	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	2.379IleAla: 2.379 ± 0.031	1.013IleCys: 1.013 ± 0.019	1.72IleAsp: 1.72 ± 0.024	2.123IleGlu: 2.123 ± 0.03	1.748IlePhe: 1.748 ± 0.027	1.973IleGly: 1.973 ± 0.025	1.322IleHis: 1.322 ± 0.025	1.973IleIle: 1.973 ± 0.028	2.105IleLys: 2.105 ± 0.033	4.183IleLeu: 4.183 ± 0.041	0.915IleMet: 0.915 ± 0.019	1.475IleAsn: 1.475 ± 0.025	2.408IlePro: 2.408 ± 0.03	2.043IleGln: 2.043 ± 0.025	2.235IleArg: 2.235 ± 0.028	3.353IleSer: 3.353 ± 0.033	2.247IleThr: 2.247 ± 0.031	2.315IleVal: 2.315 ± 0.031	0.498IleTrp: 0.498 ± 0.014	1.275IleTyr: 1.275 ± 0.023	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.95LysAla: 3.95 ± 0.044	1.043LysCys: 1.043 ± 0.022	2.769LysAsp: 2.769 ± 0.03	4.529LysGlu: 4.529 ± 0.049	1.547LysPhe: 1.547 ± 0.021	3.057LysGly: 3.057 ± 0.031	1.321LysHis: 1.321 ± 0.023	2.244LysIle: 2.244 ± 0.03	3.991LysLys: 3.991 ± 0.062	4.72LysLeu: 4.72 ± 0.045	1.333LysMet: 1.333 ± 0.018	1.958LysAsn: 1.958 ± 0.025	2.999LysPro: 2.999 ± 0.044	2.317LysGln: 2.317 ± 0.035	3.121LysArg: 3.121 ± 0.036	3.511LysSer: 3.511 ± 0.042	2.751LysThr: 2.751 ± 0.032	3.298LysVal: 3.298 ± 0.037	0.533LysTrp: 0.533 ± 0.012	1.404LysTyr: 1.404 ± 0.025	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	7.866LeuAla: 7.866 ± 0.066	2.371LeuCys: 2.371 ± 0.03	4.811LeuAsp: 4.811 ± 0.036	7.133LeuGlu: 7.133 ± 0.062	3.508LeuPhe: 3.508 ± 0.037	6.873LeuGly: 6.873 ± 0.059	2.789LeuHis: 2.789 ± 0.032	3.657LeuIle: 3.657 ± 0.041	5.293LeuLys: 5.293 ± 0.055	11.629LeuLeu: 11.629 ± 0.096	2.01LeuMet: 2.01 ± 0.025	3.179LeuAsn: 3.179 ± 0.034	6.603LeuPro: 6.603 ± 0.055	5.896LeuGln: 5.896 ± 0.056	6.536LeuArg: 6.536 ± 0.059	8.395LeuSer: 8.395 ± 0.052	5.163LeuThr: 5.163 ± 0.039	6.059LeuVal: 6.059 ± 0.047	1.274LeuTrp: 1.274 ± 0.021	2.595LeuTyr: 2.595 ± 0.03	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.958MetAla: 1.958 ± 0.026	0.417MetCys: 0.417 ± 0.013	1.167MetAsp: 1.167 ± 0.02	1.742MetGlu: 1.742 ± 0.024	0.687MetPhe: 0.687 ± 0.014	1.384MetGly: 1.384 ± 0.02	0.441MetHis: 0.441 ± 0.011	0.767MetIle: 0.767 ± 0.015	1.251MetLys: 1.251 ± 0.018	1.994MetLeu: 1.994 ± 0.027	0.538MetMet: 0.538 ± 0.014	0.78MetAsn: 0.78 ± 0.016	1.113MetPro: 1.113 ± 0.02	0.912MetGln: 0.912 ± 0.017	1.072MetArg: 1.072 ± 0.02	1.499MetSer: 1.499 ± 0.022	1.053MetThr: 1.053 ± 0.017	1.44MetVal: 1.44 ± 0.019	0.235MetTrp: 0.235 ± 0.008	0.549MetTyr: 0.549 ± 0.014	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	1.88AsnAla: 1.88 ± 0.028	0.751AsnCys: 0.751 ± 0.018	1.27AsnAsp: 1.27 ± 0.024	1.835AsnGlu: 1.835 ± 0.027	1.361AsnPhe: 1.361 ± 0.022	2.155AsnGly: 2.155 ± 0.027	0.889AsnHis: 0.889 ± 0.017	1.751AsnIle: 1.751 ± 0.025	1.781AsnLys: 1.781 ± 0.029	3.456AsnLeu: 3.456 ± 0.034	0.8AsnMet: 0.8 ± 0.014	1.27AsnAsn: 1.27 ± 0.024	2.092AsnPro: 2.092 ± 0.026	1.443AsnGln: 1.443 ± 0.023	1.703AsnArg: 1.703 ± 0.022	2.757AsnSer: 2.757 ± 0.035	1.665AsnThr: 1.665 ± 0.027	2.014AsnVal: 2.014 ± 0.031	0.416AsnTrp: 0.416 ± 0.011	0.958AsnTyr: 0.958 ± 0.018	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	5.549ProAla: 5.549 ± 0.062	1.271ProCys: 1.271 ± 0.024	2.955ProAsp: 2.955 ± 0.034	4.916ProGlu: 4.916 ± 0.05	2.051ProPhe: 2.051 ± 0.028	5.677ProGly: 5.677 ± 0.064	1.536ProHis: 1.536 ± 0.022	1.756ProIle: 1.756 ± 0.023	2.661ProLys: 2.661 ± 0.037	5.814ProLeu: 5.814 ± 0.05	1.062ProMet: 1.062 ± 0.019	1.71ProAsn: 1.71 ± 0.023	6.176ProPro: 6.176 ± 0.086	2.941ProGln: 2.941 ± 0.035	3.785ProArg: 3.785 ± 0.044	6.046ProSer: 6.046 ± 0.06	3.089ProThr: 3.089 ± 0.037	4.06ProVal: 4.06 ± 0.049	0.825ProTrp: 0.825 ± 0.016	1.626ProTyr: 1.626 ± 0.032	0.002ProXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Gln	3.802GlnAla: 3.802 ± 0.042	0.894GlnCys: 0.894 ± 0.018	2.36GlnAsp: 2.36 ± 0.029	3.962GlnGlu: 3.962 ± 0.04	1.287GlnPhe: 1.287 ± 0.02	3.061GlnGly: 3.061 ± 0.038	1.272GlnHis: 1.272 ± 0.02	1.725GlnIle: 1.725 ± 0.024	2.653GlnLys: 2.653 ± 0.031	4.921GlnLeu: 4.921 ± 0.048	1.053GlnMet: 1.053 ± 0.022	1.662GlnAsn: 1.662 ± 0.025	2.966GlnPro: 2.966 ± 0.045	2.78GlnGln: 2.78 ± 0.045	3.144GlnArg: 3.144 ± 0.039	2.959GlnSer: 2.959 ± 0.033	2.171GlnThr: 2.171 ± 0.028	2.925GlnVal: 2.925 ± 0.036	0.535GlnTrp: 0.535 ± 0.014	1.064GlnTyr: 1.064 ± 0.018	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	4.516ArgAla: 4.516 ± 0.045	1.311ArgCys: 1.311 ± 0.024	2.845ArgAsp: 2.845 ± 0.033	4.152ArgGlu: 4.152 ± 0.043	1.935ArgPhe: 1.935 ± 0.025	3.965ArgGly: 3.965 ± 0.046	1.651ArgHis: 1.651 ± 0.025	2.289ArgIle: 2.289 ± 0.03	3.513ArgLys: 3.513 ± 0.037	5.954ArgLeu: 5.954 ± 0.053	1.186ArgMet: 1.186 ± 0.021	1.905ArgAsn: 1.905 ± 0.024	3.651ArgPro: 3.651 ± 0.036	2.724ArgGln: 2.724 ± 0.032	4.605ArgArg: 4.605 ± 0.05	4.34ArgSer: 4.34 ± 0.049	2.835ArgThr: 2.835 ± 0.029	3.471ArgVal: 3.471 ± 0.034	0.758ArgTrp: 0.758 ± 0.015	1.505ArgTyr: 1.505 ± 0.021	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.502SerAla: 5.502 ± 0.042	1.879SerCys: 1.879 ± 0.023	3.71SerAsp: 3.71 ± 0.037	5.027SerGlu: 5.027 ± 0.054	3.086SerPhe: 3.086 ± 0.035	5.816SerGly: 5.816 ± 0.056	2.139SerHis: 2.139 ± 0.027	2.887SerIle: 2.887 ± 0.034	3.711SerLys: 3.711 ± 0.038	8.643SerLeu: 8.643 ± 0.051	1.523SerMet: 1.523 ± 0.02	2.339SerAsn: 2.339 ± 0.031	6.367SerPro: 6.367 ± 0.076	3.809SerGln: 3.809 ± 0.041	4.735SerArg: 4.735 ± 0.043	8.988SerSer: 8.988 ± 0.102	4.172SerThr: 4.172 ± 0.045	4.956SerVal: 4.956 ± 0.038	1.103SerTrp: 1.103 ± 0.018	2.056SerTyr: 2.056 ± 0.026	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.846ThrAla: 3.846 ± 0.038	1.299ThrCys: 1.299 ± 0.023	2.319ThrAsp: 2.319 ± 0.028	3.336ThrGlu: 3.336 ± 0.035	2.095ThrPhe: 2.095 ± 0.027	3.575ThrGly: 3.575 ± 0.043	1.321ThrHis: 1.321 ± 0.023	2.075ThrIle: 2.075 ± 0.026	2.378ThrLys: 2.378 ± 0.028	5.414ThrLeu: 5.414 ± 0.039	1.094ThrMet: 1.094 ± 0.021	1.507ThrAsn: 1.507 ± 0.025	3.6ThrPro: 3.6 ± 0.043	2.221ThrGln: 2.221 ± 0.03	2.504ThrArg: 2.504 ± 0.029	4.325ThrSer: 4.325 ± 0.043	2.67ThrThr: 2.67 ± 0.032	3.774ThrVal: 3.774 ± 0.041	0.677ThrTrp: 0.677 ± 0.017	1.365ThrTyr: 1.365 ± 0.02	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.761ValAla: 4.761 ± 0.046	1.565ValCys: 1.565 ± 0.026	2.915ValAsp: 2.915 ± 0.031	3.847ValGlu: 3.847 ± 0.037	2.448ValPhe: 2.448 ± 0.025	3.775ValGly: 3.775 ± 0.037	1.642ValHis: 1.642 ± 0.025	2.691ValIle: 2.691 ± 0.033	3.096ValLys: 3.096 ± 0.035	6.873ValLeu: 6.873 ± 0.059	1.369ValMet: 1.369 ± 0.02	2.028ValAsn: 2.028 ± 0.026	3.994ValPro: 3.994 ± 0.038	2.767ValGln: 2.767 ± 0.031	3.25ValArg: 3.25 ± 0.032	4.994ValSer: 4.994 ± 0.047	3.769ValThr: 3.769 ± 0.038	4.274ValVal: 4.274 ± 0.042	0.788ValTrp: 0.788 ± 0.015	1.645ValTyr: 1.645 ± 0.023	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.967TrpAla: 0.967 ± 0.017	0.264TrpCys: 0.264 ± 0.01	0.699TrpAsp: 0.699 ± 0.016	0.816TrpGlu: 0.816 ± 0.017	0.443TrpPhe: 0.443 ± 0.012	0.856TrpGly: 0.856 ± 0.02	0.327TrpHis: 0.327 ± 0.01	0.472TrpIle: 0.472 ± 0.012	0.747TrpLys: 0.747 ± 0.016	1.292TrpLeu: 1.292 ± 0.022	0.306TrpMet: 0.306 ± 0.012	0.485TrpAsn: 0.485 ± 0.012	0.619TrpPro: 0.619 ± 0.015	0.531TrpGln: 0.531 ± 0.013	0.81TrpArg: 0.81 ± 0.014	0.88TrpSer: 0.88 ± 0.017	0.656TrpThr: 0.656 ± 0.015	0.811TrpVal: 0.811 ± 0.016	0.196TrpTrp: 0.196 ± 0.008	0.345TrpTyr: 0.345 ± 0.009	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.482TyrAla: 1.482 ± 0.021	0.669TyrCys: 0.669 ± 0.015	1.213TyrAsp: 1.213 ± 0.017	1.603TyrGlu: 1.603 ± 0.028	1.188TyrPhe: 1.188 ± 0.021	1.689TyrGly: 1.689 ± 0.025	0.73TyrHis: 0.73 ± 0.015	1.202TyrIle: 1.202 ± 0.022	1.308TyrLys: 1.308 ± 0.025	2.72TyrLeu: 2.72 ± 0.033	0.576TyrMet: 0.576 ± 0.012	1.009TyrAsn: 1.009 ± 0.017	1.352TyrPro: 1.352 ± 0.023	1.202TyrGln: 1.202 ± 0.02	1.585TyrArg: 1.585 ± 0.023	2.107TyrSer: 2.107 ± 0.027	1.414TyrThr: 1.414 ± 0.02	1.601TyrVal: 1.601 ± 0.023	0.354TyrTrp: 0.354 ± 0.01	0.924TyrTyr: 0.924 ± 0.017	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.001XaaAla: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 10855 proteins (3464131 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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