Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Proteobacteria bacterium 228

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	11.667AlaAla: 11.667 ± 0.107	1.202AlaCys: 1.202 ± 0.027	5.941AlaAsp: 5.941 ± 0.056	6.67AlaGlu: 6.67 ± 0.08	3.486AlaPhe: 3.486 ± 0.053	7.917AlaGly: 7.917 ± 0.079	2.028AlaHis: 2.028 ± 0.034	5.661AlaIle: 5.661 ± 0.06	3.143AlaLys: 3.143 ± 0.046	12.622AlaLeu: 12.622 ± 0.103	3.202AlaMet: 3.202 ± 0.04	2.794AlaAsn: 2.794 ± 0.044	3.729AlaPro: 3.729 ± 0.05	4.572AlaGln: 4.572 ± 0.06	5.962AlaArg: 5.962 ± 0.063	6.498AlaSer: 6.498 ± 0.063	5.117AlaThr: 5.117 ± 0.063	7.323AlaVal: 7.323 ± 0.071	1.337AlaTrp: 1.337 ± 0.027	2.441AlaTyr: 2.441 ± 0.038	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Cys	0.978CysAla: 0.978 ± 0.023	0.196CysCys: 0.196 ± 0.011	0.567CysAsp: 0.567 ± 0.018	0.522CysGlu: 0.522 ± 0.017	0.441CysPhe: 0.441 ± 0.016	0.95CysGly: 0.95 ± 0.023	0.348CysHis: 0.348 ± 0.014	0.524CysIle: 0.524 ± 0.02	0.298CysLys: 0.298 ± 0.013	1.217CysLeu: 1.217 ± 0.028	0.26CysMet: 0.26 ± 0.012	0.327CysAsn: 0.327 ± 0.013	0.502CysPro: 0.502 ± 0.017	0.564CysGln: 0.564 ± 0.018	0.672CysArg: 0.672 ± 0.021	0.731CysSer: 0.731 ± 0.02	0.498CysThr: 0.498 ± 0.018	0.646CysVal: 0.646 ± 0.02	0.184CysTrp: 0.184 ± 0.009	0.333CysTyr: 0.333 ± 0.014	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	5.155AspAla: 5.155 ± 0.059	0.512AspCys: 0.512 ± 0.017	3.003AspAsp: 3.003 ± 0.045	3.367AspGlu: 3.367 ± 0.047	2.026AspPhe: 2.026 ± 0.035	3.947AspGly: 3.947 ± 0.056	1.275AspHis: 1.275 ± 0.029	3.243AspIle: 3.243 ± 0.042	2.109AspLys: 2.109 ± 0.033	5.173AspLeu: 5.173 ± 0.055	1.414AspMet: 1.414 ± 0.025	1.817AspAsn: 1.817 ± 0.036	2.363AspPro: 2.363 ± 0.038	2.486AspGln: 2.486 ± 0.035	2.694AspArg: 2.694 ± 0.039	3.386AspSer: 3.386 ± 0.052	2.658AspThr: 2.658 ± 0.048	3.79AspVal: 3.79 ± 0.044	0.99AspTrp: 0.99 ± 0.026	1.836AspTyr: 1.836 ± 0.038	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	5.89GluAla: 5.89 ± 0.059	0.453GluCys: 0.453 ± 0.016	2.544GluAsp: 2.544 ± 0.04	3.375GluGlu: 3.375 ± 0.052	1.755GluPhe: 1.755 ± 0.035	3.627GluGly: 3.627 ± 0.045	1.568GluHis: 1.568 ± 0.028	2.646GluIle: 2.646 ± 0.04	2.185GluLys: 2.185 ± 0.043	6.708GluLeu: 6.708 ± 0.068	1.374GluMet: 1.374 ± 0.027	1.505GluAsn: 1.505 ± 0.032	2.192GluPro: 2.192 ± 0.036	4.362GluGln: 4.362 ± 0.061	4.034GluArg: 4.034 ± 0.048	2.782GluSer: 2.782 ± 0.037	2.28GluThr: 2.28 ± 0.035	4.266GluVal: 4.266 ± 0.055	0.766GluTrp: 0.766 ± 0.023	1.309GluTyr: 1.309 ± 0.03	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	3.686PheAla: 3.686 ± 0.053	0.486PheCys: 0.486 ± 0.018	2.297PheAsp: 2.297 ± 0.039	1.84PheGlu: 1.84 ± 0.026	1.472PhePhe: 1.472 ± 0.038	2.874PheGly: 2.874 ± 0.044	0.819PheHis: 0.819 ± 0.025	2.038PheIle: 2.038 ± 0.033	1.178PheLys: 1.178 ± 0.027	3.1PheLeu: 3.1 ± 0.051	0.898PheMet: 0.898 ± 0.023	1.439PheAsn: 1.439 ± 0.03	1.537PhePro: 1.537 ± 0.027	1.235PheGln: 1.235 ± 0.027	1.902PheArg: 1.902 ± 0.032	2.83PheSer: 2.83 ± 0.044	2.057PheThr: 2.057 ± 0.035	2.511PheVal: 2.511 ± 0.04	0.51PheTrp: 0.51 ± 0.02	1.146PheTyr: 1.146 ± 0.028	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	6.316GlyAla: 6.316 ± 0.074	1.021GlyCys: 1.021 ± 0.025	3.651GlyAsp: 3.651 ± 0.056	4.19GlyGlu: 4.19 ± 0.046	3.021GlyPhe: 3.021 ± 0.04	5.287GlyGly: 5.287 ± 0.085	1.812GlyHis: 1.812 ± 0.036	4.464GlyIle: 4.464 ± 0.055	3.389GlyLys: 3.389 ± 0.05	8.184GlyLeu: 8.184 ± 0.067	2.394GlyMet: 2.394 ± 0.038	2.332GlyAsn: 2.332 ± 0.046	2.122GlyPro: 2.122 ± 0.033	3.772GlyGln: 3.772 ± 0.053	4.115GlyArg: 4.115 ± 0.052	4.634GlySer: 4.634 ± 0.094	3.609GlyThr: 3.609 ± 0.108	5.707GlyVal: 5.707 ± 0.052	1.279GlyTrp: 1.279 ± 0.029	2.568GlyTyr: 2.568 ± 0.039	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	2.064HisAla: 2.064 ± 0.036	0.37HisCys: 0.37 ± 0.015	1.274HisAsp: 1.274 ± 0.025	1.149HisGlu: 1.149 ± 0.027	1.163HisPhe: 1.163 ± 0.027	1.854HisGly: 1.854 ± 0.033	0.807HisHis: 0.807 ± 0.023	1.318HisIle: 1.318 ± 0.025	0.706HisLys: 0.706 ± 0.019	2.753HisLeu: 2.753 ± 0.039	0.594HisMet: 0.594 ± 0.021	0.724HisAsn: 0.724 ± 0.019	1.475HisPro: 1.475 ± 0.029	1.341HisGln: 1.341 ± 0.028	1.442HisArg: 1.442 ± 0.031	1.554HisSer: 1.554 ± 0.033	1.143HisThr: 1.143 ± 0.027	1.313HisVal: 1.313 ± 0.029	0.548HisTrp: 0.548 ± 0.018	0.919HisTyr: 0.919 ± 0.023	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	5.799IleAla: 5.799 ± 0.064	0.625IleCys: 0.625 ± 0.022	3.342IleAsp: 3.342 ± 0.047	3.174IleGlu: 3.174 ± 0.043	1.661IlePhe: 1.661 ± 0.038	4.307IleGly: 4.307 ± 0.054	1.165IleHis: 1.165 ± 0.022	2.48IleIle: 2.48 ± 0.051	1.879IleLys: 1.879 ± 0.036	4.632IleLeu: 4.632 ± 0.071	1.128IleMet: 1.128 ± 0.029	2.167IleAsn: 2.167 ± 0.028	2.45IlePro: 2.45 ± 0.039	1.825IleGln: 1.825 ± 0.033	3.274IleArg: 3.274 ± 0.047	3.866IleSer: 3.866 ± 0.051	2.942IleThr: 2.942 ± 0.057	3.406IleVal: 3.406 ± 0.049	0.619IleTrp: 0.619 ± 0.02	1.322IleTyr: 1.322 ± 0.029	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.889LysAla: 3.889 ± 0.052	0.195LysCys: 0.195 ± 0.009	1.886LysAsp: 1.886 ± 0.037	2.004LysGlu: 2.004 ± 0.038	0.793LysPhe: 0.793 ± 0.022	2.641LysGly: 2.641 ± 0.042	0.796LysHis: 0.796 ± 0.022	1.646LysIle: 1.646 ± 0.03	1.387LysLys: 1.387 ± 0.038	3.532LysLeu: 3.532 ± 0.046	0.811LysMet: 0.811 ± 0.021	1.025LysAsn: 1.025 ± 0.027	1.777LysPro: 1.777 ± 0.036	1.815LysGln: 1.815 ± 0.03	2.172LysArg: 2.172 ± 0.04	1.901LysSer: 1.901 ± 0.035	1.845LysThr: 1.845 ± 0.035	2.912LysVal: 2.912 ± 0.045	0.383LysTrp: 0.383 ± 0.014	0.793LysTyr: 0.793 ± 0.022	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	12.682LeuAla: 12.682 ± 0.111	1.313LeuCys: 1.313 ± 0.025	5.983LeuAsp: 5.983 ± 0.063	5.81LeuGlu: 5.81 ± 0.07	4.08LeuPhe: 4.08 ± 0.056	8.192LeuGly: 8.192 ± 0.086	2.708LeuHis: 2.708 ± 0.047	5.863LeuIle: 5.863 ± 0.063	3.952LeuLys: 3.952 ± 0.052	13.391LeuLeu: 13.391 ± 0.152	2.885LeuMet: 2.885 ± 0.046	3.813LeuAsn: 3.813 ± 0.046	6.145LeuPro: 6.145 ± 0.07	6.205LeuGln: 6.205 ± 0.091	6.422LeuArg: 6.422 ± 0.074	8.196LeuSer: 8.196 ± 0.086	6.31LeuThr: 6.31 ± 0.079	7.306LeuVal: 7.306 ± 0.077	1.396LeuTrp: 1.396 ± 0.034	2.726LeuTyr: 2.726 ± 0.038	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	3.041MetAla: 3.041 ± 0.038	0.193MetCys: 0.193 ± 0.009	1.254MetAsp: 1.254 ± 0.029	1.244MetGlu: 1.244 ± 0.024	0.735MetPhe: 0.735 ± 0.02	1.873MetGly: 1.873 ± 0.037	0.577MetHis: 0.577 ± 0.019	1.263MetIle: 1.263 ± 0.026	1.025MetLys: 1.025 ± 0.024	3.089MetLeu: 3.089 ± 0.046	0.713MetMet: 0.713 ± 0.02	0.896MetAsn: 0.896 ± 0.021	1.394MetPro: 1.394 ± 0.029	1.349MetGln: 1.349 ± 0.03	1.378MetArg: 1.378 ± 0.029	2.01MetSer: 2.01 ± 0.031	1.679MetThr: 1.679 ± 0.03	1.802MetVal: 1.802 ± 0.034	0.209MetTrp: 0.209 ± 0.012	0.454MetTyr: 0.454 ± 0.016	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.089AsnAla: 3.089 ± 0.055	0.304AsnCys: 0.304 ± 0.014	1.696AsnAsp: 1.696 ± 0.036	1.622AsnGlu: 1.622 ± 0.029	1.024AsnPhe: 1.024 ± 0.028	2.431AsnGly: 2.431 ± 0.045	0.746AsnHis: 0.746 ± 0.019	1.732AsnIle: 1.732 ± 0.034	1.116AsnLys: 1.116 ± 0.029	3.261AsnLeu: 3.261 ± 0.055	0.749AsnMet: 0.749 ± 0.021	1.129AsnAsn: 1.129 ± 0.03	1.876AsnPro: 1.876 ± 0.032	1.498AsnGln: 1.498 ± 0.029	1.79AsnArg: 1.79 ± 0.032	1.941AsnSer: 1.941 ± 0.044	1.664AsnThr: 1.664 ± 0.04	1.992AsnVal: 1.992 ± 0.036	0.469AsnTrp: 0.469 ± 0.016	0.912AsnTyr: 0.912 ± 0.025	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	5.215ProAla: 5.215 ± 0.067	0.411ProCys: 0.411 ± 0.015	2.755ProAsp: 2.755 ± 0.041	3.054ProGlu: 3.054 ± 0.037	1.745ProPhe: 1.745 ± 0.033	3.291ProGly: 3.291 ± 0.043	1.107ProHis: 1.107 ± 0.026	1.92ProIle: 1.92 ± 0.033	1.284ProLys: 1.284 ± 0.027	5.455ProLeu: 5.455 ± 0.055	1.183ProMet: 1.183 ± 0.021	1.199ProAsn: 1.199 ± 0.03	1.709ProPro: 1.709 ± 0.036	2.094ProGln: 2.094 ± 0.04	2.14ProArg: 2.14 ± 0.039	2.639ProSer: 2.639 ± 0.038	2.17ProThr: 2.17 ± 0.034	3.827ProVal: 3.827 ± 0.046	0.751ProTrp: 0.751 ± 0.02	1.285ProTyr: 1.285 ± 0.031	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	5.86GlnAla: 5.86 ± 0.084	0.454GlnCys: 0.454 ± 0.019	2.15GlnAsp: 2.15 ± 0.034	2.337GlnGlu: 2.337 ± 0.039	1.473GlnPhe: 1.473 ± 0.034	3.922GlnGly: 3.922 ± 0.054	1.659GlnHis: 1.659 ± 0.035	2.344GlnIle: 2.344 ± 0.04	1.392GlnLys: 1.392 ± 0.029	6.584GlnLeu: 6.584 ± 0.084	1.216GlnMet: 1.216 ± 0.027	1.139GlnAsn: 1.139 ± 0.027	2.787GlnPro: 2.787 ± 0.054	4.741GlnGln: 4.741 ± 0.108	3.977GlnArg: 3.977 ± 0.059	2.724GlnSer: 2.724 ± 0.041	2.211GlnThr: 2.211 ± 0.036	3.66GlnVal: 3.66 ± 0.05	0.867GlnTrp: 0.867 ± 0.025	1.156GlnTyr: 1.156 ± 0.025	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	5.06ArgAla: 5.06 ± 0.053	0.671ArgCys: 0.671 ± 0.02	3.016ArgAsp: 3.016 ± 0.045	3.386ArgGlu: 3.386 ± 0.046	2.537ArgPhe: 2.537 ± 0.036	3.358ArgGly: 3.358 ± 0.04	1.792ArgHis: 1.792 ± 0.03	3.33ArgIle: 3.33 ± 0.045	2.029ArgLys: 2.029 ± 0.035	7.32ArgLeu: 7.32 ± 0.082	1.571ArgMet: 1.571 ± 0.028	1.837ArgAsn: 1.837 ± 0.031	2.396ArgPro: 2.396 ± 0.037	3.959ArgGln: 3.959 ± 0.055	3.593ArgArg: 3.593 ± 0.049	3.339ArgSer: 3.339 ± 0.054	2.614ArgThr: 2.614 ± 0.04	3.849ArgVal: 3.849 ± 0.047	0.954ArgTrp: 0.954 ± 0.027	2.081ArgTyr: 2.081 ± 0.039	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.503SerAla: 6.503 ± 0.063	0.63SerCys: 0.63 ± 0.021	3.243SerAsp: 3.243 ± 0.049	3.279SerGlu: 3.279 ± 0.044	2.359SerPhe: 2.359 ± 0.036	5.464SerGly: 5.464 ± 0.126	1.662SerHis: 1.662 ± 0.03	3.19SerIle: 3.19 ± 0.05	2.2SerLys: 2.2 ± 0.04	7.427SerLeu: 7.427 ± 0.072	1.682SerMet: 1.682 ± 0.033	2.015SerAsn: 2.015 ± 0.055	2.735SerPro: 2.735 ± 0.042	2.956SerGln: 2.956 ± 0.044	3.724SerArg: 3.724 ± 0.046	4.474SerSer: 4.474 ± 0.082	3.488SerThr: 3.488 ± 0.059	4.352SerVal: 4.352 ± 0.054	0.983SerTrp: 0.983 ± 0.025	1.858SerTyr: 1.858 ± 0.031	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	5.468ThrAla: 5.468 ± 0.063	0.452ThrCys: 0.452 ± 0.016	2.726ThrAsp: 2.726 ± 0.043	2.694ThrGlu: 2.694 ± 0.037	1.795ThrPhe: 1.795 ± 0.033	4.152ThrGly: 4.152 ± 0.074	1.112ThrHis: 1.112 ± 0.026	2.359ThrIle: 2.359 ± 0.053	1.14ThrLys: 1.14 ± 0.029	7.283ThrLeu: 7.283 ± 0.123	1.082ThrMet: 1.082 ± 0.029	1.32ThrAsn: 1.32 ± 0.035	2.979ThrPro: 2.979 ± 0.043	2.08ThrGln: 2.08 ± 0.033	2.649ThrArg: 2.649 ± 0.044	3.266ThrSer: 3.266 ± 0.055	2.85ThrThr: 2.85 ± 0.051	3.659ThrVal: 3.659 ± 0.058	0.572ThrTrp: 0.572 ± 0.017	1.294ThrTyr: 1.294 ± 0.026	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	7.486ValAla: 7.486 ± 0.081	0.746ValCys: 0.746 ± 0.021	3.817ValAsp: 3.817 ± 0.05	4.031ValGlu: 4.031 ± 0.052	2.628ValPhe: 2.628 ± 0.043	4.758ValGly: 4.758 ± 0.055	1.386ValHis: 1.386 ± 0.028	4.124ValIle: 4.124 ± 0.051	2.464ValLys: 2.464 ± 0.045	8.002ValLeu: 8.002 ± 0.077	2.062ValMet: 2.062 ± 0.034	2.34ValAsn: 2.34 ± 0.036	3.049ValPro: 3.049 ± 0.045	2.799ValGln: 2.799 ± 0.043	3.894ValArg: 3.894 ± 0.05	4.911ValSer: 4.911 ± 0.057	3.943ValThr: 3.943 ± 0.064	5.552ValVal: 5.552 ± 0.068	0.873ValTrp: 0.873 ± 0.024	1.702ValTyr: 1.702 ± 0.033	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	1.016TrpAla: 1.016 ± 0.028	0.174TrpCys: 0.174 ± 0.008	0.623TrpAsp: 0.623 ± 0.021	0.561TrpGlu: 0.561 ± 0.018	0.545TrpPhe: 0.545 ± 0.019	0.856TrpGly: 0.856 ± 0.021	0.449TrpHis: 0.449 ± 0.016	0.67TrpIle: 0.67 ± 0.02	0.477TrpLys: 0.477 ± 0.018	2.35TrpLeu: 2.35 ± 0.046	0.391TrpMet: 0.391 ± 0.016	0.417TrpAsn: 0.417 ± 0.014	0.644TrpPro: 0.644 ± 0.021	1.35TrpGln: 1.35 ± 0.036	0.953TrpArg: 0.953 ± 0.025	0.851TrpSer: 0.851 ± 0.022	0.542TrpThr: 0.542 ± 0.017	0.939TrpVal: 0.939 ± 0.023	0.253TrpTrp: 0.253 ± 0.012	0.332TrpTyr: 0.332 ± 0.016	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.448TyrAla: 2.448 ± 0.035	0.35TyrCys: 0.35 ± 0.013	1.477TyrAsp: 1.477 ± 0.035	1.313TyrGlu: 1.313 ± 0.03	1.117TyrPhe: 1.117 ± 0.028	2.166TyrGly: 2.166 ± 0.04	0.693TyrHis: 0.693 ± 0.02	1.246TyrIle: 1.246 ± 0.026	0.854TyrLys: 0.854 ± 0.027	3.295TyrLeu: 3.295 ± 0.044	0.572TyrMet: 0.572 ± 0.018	0.803TyrAsn: 0.803 ± 0.023	1.369TyrPro: 1.369 ± 0.027	1.65TyrGln: 1.65 ± 0.031	1.906TyrArg: 1.906 ± 0.037	1.693TyrSer: 1.693 ± 0.031	1.312TyrThr: 1.312 ± 0.032	1.755TyrVal: 1.755 ± 0.034	0.449TyrTrp: 0.449 ± 0.016	0.814TyrTyr: 0.814 ± 0.023	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001

Statistics based on 5549 proteins (1848317 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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