Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila kikkawai (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	10.513AlaAla: 10.513 ± 0.101	1.121AlaCys: 1.121 ± 0.023	3.465AlaAsp: 3.465 ± 0.019	4.938AlaGlu: 4.938 ± 0.035	2.156AlaPhe: 2.156 ± 0.016	5.399AlaGly: 5.399 ± 0.04	1.726AlaHis: 1.726 ± 0.015	3.366AlaIle: 3.366 ± 0.02	4.168AlaLys: 4.168 ± 0.024	6.506AlaLeu: 6.506 ± 0.035	1.744AlaMet: 1.744 ± 0.014	3.272AlaAsn: 3.272 ± 0.017	4.35AlaPro: 4.35 ± 0.036	3.587AlaGln: 3.587 ± 0.024	3.525AlaArg: 3.525 ± 0.02	6.64AlaSer: 6.64 ± 0.036	5.119AlaThr: 5.119 ± 0.033	4.587AlaVal: 4.587 ± 0.024	0.591AlaTrp: 0.591 ± 0.007	1.716AlaTyr: 1.716 ± 0.015	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Cys	1.077CysAla: 1.077 ± 0.017	0.437CysCys: 0.437 ± 0.008	0.98CysAsp: 0.98 ± 0.013	1.017CysGlu: 1.017 ± 0.016	0.642CysPhe: 0.642 ± 0.008	1.242CysGly: 1.242 ± 0.028	0.462CysHis: 0.462 ± 0.007	0.863CysIle: 0.863 ± 0.017	0.828CysLys: 0.828 ± 0.012	1.663CysLeu: 1.663 ± 0.022	0.335CysMet: 0.335 ± 0.006	0.756CysAsn: 0.756 ± 0.011	0.918CysPro: 0.918 ± 0.026	0.822CysGln: 0.822 ± 0.022	1.04CysArg: 1.04 ± 0.031	1.491CysSer: 1.491 ± 0.026	0.879CysThr: 0.879 ± 0.016	1.083CysVal: 1.083 ± 0.022	0.172CysTrp: 0.172 ± 0.004	0.497CysTyr: 0.497 ± 0.008	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.662AspAla: 3.662 ± 0.022	0.923AspCys: 0.923 ± 0.017	3.657AspAsp: 3.657 ± 0.029	4.274AspGlu: 4.274 ± 0.031	2.075AspPhe: 2.075 ± 0.015	3.08AspGly: 3.08 ± 0.02	1.112AspHis: 1.112 ± 0.011	2.748AspIle: 2.748 ± 0.015	2.673AspLys: 2.673 ± 0.022	4.824AspLeu: 4.824 ± 0.03	1.263AspMet: 1.263 ± 0.01	2.241AspAsn: 2.241 ± 0.016	2.49AspPro: 2.49 ± 0.029	2.045AspGln: 2.045 ± 0.014	2.552AspArg: 2.552 ± 0.022	3.94AspSer: 3.94 ± 0.023	2.461AspThr: 2.461 ± 0.015	3.226AspVal: 3.226 ± 0.02	0.596AspTrp: 0.596 ± 0.008	1.718AspTyr: 1.718 ± 0.013	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	5.005GluAla: 5.005 ± 0.034	1.079GluCys: 1.079 ± 0.032	4.04GluAsp: 4.04 ± 0.031	6.341GluGlu: 6.341 ± 0.058	2.058GluPhe: 2.058 ± 0.018	2.993GluGly: 2.993 ± 0.024	1.603GluHis: 1.603 ± 0.013	3.154GluIle: 3.154 ± 0.023	4.135GluLys: 4.135 ± 0.038	6.281GluLeu: 6.281 ± 0.047	1.549GluMet: 1.549 ± 0.012	2.793GluAsn: 2.793 ± 0.017	2.969GluPro: 2.969 ± 0.025	3.713GluGln: 3.713 ± 0.032	4.149GluArg: 4.149 ± 0.031	4.287GluSer: 4.287 ± 0.028	3.387GluThr: 3.387 ± 0.025	3.617GluVal: 3.617 ± 0.027	0.58GluTrp: 0.58 ± 0.008	1.682GluTyr: 1.682 ± 0.013	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.193PheAla: 2.193 ± 0.016	0.663PheCys: 0.663 ± 0.009	1.94PheAsp: 1.94 ± 0.015	2.046PheGlu: 2.046 ± 0.016	1.327PhePhe: 1.327 ± 0.014	2.326PheGly: 2.326 ± 0.02	0.86PheHis: 0.86 ± 0.009	1.694PheIle: 1.694 ± 0.015	1.745PheLys: 1.745 ± 0.015	3.17PheLeu: 3.17 ± 0.024	0.808PheMet: 0.808 ± 0.01	1.587PheAsn: 1.587 ± 0.011	1.398PhePro: 1.398 ± 0.013	1.437PheGln: 1.437 ± 0.012	1.826PheArg: 1.826 ± 0.015	2.471PheSer: 2.471 ± 0.016	1.755PheThr: 1.755 ± 0.016	2.266PheVal: 2.266 ± 0.016	0.39PheTrp: 0.39 ± 0.006	1.177PheTyr: 1.177 ± 0.013	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.911GlyAla: 4.911 ± 0.038	0.955GlyCys: 0.955 ± 0.018	3.132GlyAsp: 3.132 ± 0.02	3.364GlyGlu: 3.364 ± 0.025	2.12GlyPhe: 2.12 ± 0.018	7.767GlyGly: 7.767 ± 0.089	1.749GlyHis: 1.749 ± 0.016	2.84GlyIle: 2.84 ± 0.018	3.085GlyLys: 3.085 ± 0.02	4.841GlyLeu: 4.841 ± 0.025	1.398GlyMet: 1.398 ± 0.014	3.035GlyAsn: 3.035 ± 0.023	2.618GlyPro: 2.618 ± 0.03	2.73GlyGln: 2.73 ± 0.02	3.084GlyArg: 3.084 ± 0.019	6.336GlySer: 6.336 ± 0.042	3.297GlyThr: 3.297 ± 0.023	3.663GlyVal: 3.663 ± 0.026	0.613GlyTrp: 0.613 ± 0.007	1.998GlyTyr: 1.998 ± 0.018	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
His	1.575HisAla: 1.575 ± 0.013	0.552HisCys: 0.552 ± 0.009	1.053HisAsp: 1.053 ± 0.009	1.355HisGlu: 1.355 ± 0.012	1.003HisPhe: 1.003 ± 0.009	1.56HisGly: 1.56 ± 0.015	1.617HisHis: 1.617 ± 0.025	1.264HisIle: 1.264 ± 0.012	1.276HisLys: 1.276 ± 0.012	2.567HisLeu: 2.567 ± 0.015	0.691HisMet: 0.691 ± 0.009	1.188HisAsn: 1.188 ± 0.011	1.521HisPro: 1.521 ± 0.016	1.84HisGln: 1.84 ± 0.02	1.475HisArg: 1.475 ± 0.013	2.181HisSer: 2.181 ± 0.019	1.298HisThr: 1.298 ± 0.011	1.4HisVal: 1.4 ± 0.011	0.279HisTrp: 0.279 ± 0.005	0.852HisTyr: 0.852 ± 0.009	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.281IleAla: 3.281 ± 0.019	1.03IleCys: 1.03 ± 0.017	2.595IleAsp: 2.595 ± 0.021	3.03IleGlu: 3.03 ± 0.024	1.9IlePhe: 1.9 ± 0.016	2.634IleGly: 2.634 ± 0.016	1.071IleHis: 1.071 ± 0.01	2.452IleIle: 2.452 ± 0.02	2.73IleLys: 2.73 ± 0.019	4.204IleLeu: 4.204 ± 0.026	1.059IleMet: 1.059 ± 0.012	2.288IleAsn: 2.288 ± 0.014	2.305IlePro: 2.305 ± 0.015	1.988IleGln: 1.988 ± 0.014	2.48IleArg: 2.48 ± 0.016	3.857IleSer: 3.857 ± 0.022	2.684IleThr: 2.684 ± 0.018	3.022IleVal: 3.022 ± 0.021	0.491IleTrp: 0.491 ± 0.008	1.55IleTyr: 1.55 ± 0.013	0.001IleXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Lys	3.717LysAla: 3.717 ± 0.023	0.992LysCys: 0.992 ± 0.018	2.92LysAsp: 2.92 ± 0.024	3.887LysGlu: 3.887 ± 0.028	1.763LysPhe: 1.763 ± 0.015	2.424LysGly: 2.424 ± 0.02	1.328LysHis: 1.328 ± 0.011	2.663LysIle: 2.663 ± 0.019	3.931LysLys: 3.931 ± 0.038	5.199LysLeu: 5.199 ± 0.03	1.348LysMet: 1.348 ± 0.009	2.307LysAsn: 2.307 ± 0.017	3.096LysPro: 3.096 ± 0.027	2.712LysGln: 2.712 ± 0.019	3.551LysArg: 3.551 ± 0.021	4.123LysSer: 4.123 ± 0.025	2.991LysThr: 2.991 ± 0.021	2.991LysVal: 2.991 ± 0.02	0.577LysTrp: 0.577 ± 0.007	1.632LysTyr: 1.632 ± 0.013	0.002LysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Leu	6.869LeuAla: 6.869 ± 0.034	1.555LeuCys: 1.555 ± 0.016	4.944LeuAsp: 4.944 ± 0.032	6.282LeuGlu: 6.282 ± 0.05	2.813LeuPhe: 2.813 ± 0.023	5.027LeuGly: 5.027 ± 0.024	2.438LeuHis: 2.438 ± 0.015	4.09LeuIle: 4.09 ± 0.023	5.31LeuLys: 5.31 ± 0.032	8.939LeuLeu: 8.939 ± 0.057	2.043LeuMet: 2.043 ± 0.015	4.217LeuAsn: 4.217 ± 0.027	5.163LeuPro: 5.163 ± 0.028	5.353LeuGln: 5.353 ± 0.039	5.515LeuArg: 5.515 ± 0.035	6.937LeuSer: 6.937 ± 0.028	4.671LeuThr: 4.671 ± 0.021	5.117LeuVal: 5.117 ± 0.031	0.83LeuTrp: 0.83 ± 0.01	2.366LeuTyr: 2.366 ± 0.016	0.002LeuXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Met	1.9MetAla: 1.9 ± 0.014	0.375MetCys: 0.375 ± 0.005	1.341MetAsp: 1.341 ± 0.01	1.619MetGlu: 1.619 ± 0.013	0.745MetPhe: 0.745 ± 0.008	1.419MetGly: 1.419 ± 0.014	0.599MetHis: 0.599 ± 0.008	0.909MetIle: 0.909 ± 0.01	1.17MetLys: 1.17 ± 0.011	2.082MetLeu: 2.082 ± 0.016	0.629MetMet: 0.629 ± 0.009	0.964MetAsn: 0.964 ± 0.009	1.394MetPro: 1.394 ± 0.014	1.271MetGln: 1.271 ± 0.014	1.418MetArg: 1.418 ± 0.011	1.79MetSer: 1.79 ± 0.014	1.138MetThr: 1.138 ± 0.011	1.247MetVal: 1.247 ± 0.009	0.217MetTrp: 0.217 ± 0.004	0.599MetTyr: 0.599 ± 0.008	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.36AsnAla: 3.36 ± 0.027	0.849AsnCys: 0.849 ± 0.011	2.219AsnAsp: 2.219 ± 0.017	2.744AsnGlu: 2.744 ± 0.019	1.644AsnPhe: 1.644 ± 0.015	3.492AsnGly: 3.492 ± 0.026	1.088AsnHis: 1.088 ± 0.013	2.371AsnIle: 2.371 ± 0.016	2.179AsnLys: 2.179 ± 0.016	4.03AsnLeu: 4.03 ± 0.026	1.083AsnMet: 1.083 ± 0.01	3.195AsnAsn: 3.195 ± 0.036	2.335AsnPro: 2.335 ± 0.024	2.009AsnGln: 2.009 ± 0.015	2.283AsnArg: 2.283 ± 0.014	4.108AsnSer: 4.108 ± 0.03	2.335AsnThr: 2.335 ± 0.012	2.688AsnVal: 2.688 ± 0.019	0.46AsnTrp: 0.46 ± 0.006	1.42AsnTyr: 1.42 ± 0.013	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	4.803ProAla: 4.803 ± 0.037	0.708ProCys: 0.708 ± 0.037	2.448ProAsp: 2.448 ± 0.015	3.559ProGlu: 3.559 ± 0.031	1.553ProPhe: 1.553 ± 0.012	3.418ProGly: 3.418 ± 0.037	1.496ProHis: 1.496 ± 0.015	2.311ProIle: 2.311 ± 0.014	2.951ProLys: 2.951 ± 0.021	4.531ProLeu: 4.531 ± 0.027	1.138ProMet: 1.138 ± 0.011	2.332ProAsn: 2.332 ± 0.021	5.745ProPro: 5.745 ± 0.07	3.013ProGln: 3.013 ± 0.029	2.65ProArg: 2.65 ± 0.018	4.719ProSer: 4.719 ± 0.034	3.618ProThr: 3.618 ± 0.026	3.401ProVal: 3.401 ± 0.025	0.442ProTrp: 0.442 ± 0.006	1.421ProTyr: 1.421 ± 0.015	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.818GlnAla: 3.818 ± 0.025	0.783GlnCys: 0.783 ± 0.021	2.103GlnAsp: 2.103 ± 0.016	3.234GlnGlu: 3.234 ± 0.027	1.497GlnPhe: 1.497 ± 0.013	2.216GlnGly: 2.216 ± 0.016	2.058GlnHis: 2.058 ± 0.023	2.165GlnIle: 2.165 ± 0.017	2.642GlnLys: 2.642 ± 0.018	5.45GlnLeu: 5.45 ± 0.04	1.304GlnMet: 1.304 ± 0.014	2.059GlnAsn: 2.059 ± 0.017	3.089GlnPro: 3.089 ± 0.028	9.023GlnGln: 9.023 ± 0.14	3.477GlnArg: 3.477 ± 0.022	3.592GlnSer: 3.592 ± 0.026	2.537GlnThr: 2.537 ± 0.017	2.665GlnVal: 2.665 ± 0.018	0.452GlnTrp: 0.452 ± 0.008	1.233GlnTyr: 1.233 ± 0.012	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.396ArgAla: 3.396 ± 0.02	0.991ArgCys: 0.991 ± 0.017	2.925ArgAsp: 2.925 ± 0.021	3.723ArgGlu: 3.723 ± 0.03	1.912ArgPhe: 1.912 ± 0.016	2.872ArgGly: 2.872 ± 0.02	1.59ArgHis: 1.59 ± 0.014	2.729ArgIle: 2.729 ± 0.017	3.432ArgLys: 3.432 ± 0.021	5.295ArgLeu: 5.295 ± 0.032	1.226ArgMet: 1.226 ± 0.01	2.627ArgAsn: 2.627 ± 0.017	2.804ArgPro: 2.804 ± 0.024	3.077ArgGln: 3.077 ± 0.023	4.586ArgArg: 4.586 ± 0.032	4.572ArgSer: 4.572 ± 0.03	2.777ArgThr: 2.777 ± 0.015	2.898ArgVal: 2.898 ± 0.02	0.572ArgTrp: 0.572 ± 0.008	1.612ArgTyr: 1.612 ± 0.013	0.001ArgXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ser	6.413SerAla: 6.413 ± 0.044	1.351SerCys: 1.351 ± 0.022	3.962SerAsp: 3.962 ± 0.02	4.488SerGlu: 4.488 ± 0.026	2.516SerPhe: 2.516 ± 0.017	6.265SerGly: 6.265 ± 0.036	2.002SerHis: 2.002 ± 0.017	3.561SerIle: 3.561 ± 0.019	3.981SerLys: 3.981 ± 0.022	7.081SerLeu: 7.081 ± 0.033	1.76SerMet: 1.76 ± 0.015	4.117SerAsn: 4.117 ± 0.026	4.988SerPro: 4.988 ± 0.042	3.824SerGln: 3.824 ± 0.026	4.139SerArg: 4.139 ± 0.026	11.23SerSer: 11.23 ± 0.114	5.335SerThr: 5.335 ± 0.036	4.529SerVal: 4.529 ± 0.021	0.744SerTrp: 0.744 ± 0.009	2.112SerTyr: 2.112 ± 0.02	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	4.791ThrAla: 4.791 ± 0.027	0.97ThrCys: 0.97 ± 0.016	2.579ThrAsp: 2.579 ± 0.015	3.348ThrGlu: 3.348 ± 0.025	1.773ThrPhe: 1.773 ± 0.012	3.551ThrGly: 3.551 ± 0.023	1.303ThrHis: 1.303 ± 0.012	2.756ThrIle: 2.756 ± 0.02	2.781ThrLys: 2.781 ± 0.017	4.943ThrLeu: 4.943 ± 0.025	1.175ThrMet: 1.175 ± 0.011	2.467ThrAsn: 2.467 ± 0.017	4.07ThrPro: 4.07 ± 0.03	2.389ThrGln: 2.389 ± 0.015	2.524ThrArg: 2.524 ± 0.016	5.011ThrSer: 5.011 ± 0.034	5.115ThrThr: 5.115 ± 0.057	3.388ThrVal: 3.388 ± 0.021	0.507ThrTrp: 0.507 ± 0.007	1.437ThrTyr: 1.437 ± 0.014	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.76ValAla: 4.76 ± 0.026	1.098ValCys: 1.098 ± 0.019	3.135ValAsp: 3.135 ± 0.019	3.863ValGlu: 3.863 ± 0.031	2.03ValPhe: 2.03 ± 0.018	3.5ValGly: 3.5 ± 0.024	1.411ValHis: 1.411 ± 0.01	2.871ValIle: 2.871 ± 0.02	3.095ValLys: 3.095 ± 0.019	5.261ValLeu: 5.261 ± 0.029	1.304ValMet: 1.304 ± 0.012	2.578ValAsn: 2.578 ± 0.017	3.301ValPro: 3.301 ± 0.022	2.714ValGln: 2.714 ± 0.018	3.054ValArg: 3.054 ± 0.018	4.325ValSer: 4.325 ± 0.021	3.423ValThr: 3.423 ± 0.021	4.016ValVal: 4.016 ± 0.026	0.563ValTrp: 0.563 ± 0.008	1.661ValTyr: 1.661 ± 0.014	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Trp	0.551TrpAla: 0.551 ± 0.007	0.179TrpCys: 0.179 ± 0.004	0.47TrpAsp: 0.47 ± 0.007	0.545TrpGlu: 0.545 ± 0.007	0.384TrpPhe: 0.384 ± 0.007	0.488TrpGly: 0.488 ± 0.007	0.255TrpHis: 0.255 ± 0.005	0.497TrpIle: 0.497 ± 0.008	0.541TrpLys: 0.541 ± 0.008	1.104TrpLeu: 1.104 ± 0.017	0.271TrpMet: 0.271 ± 0.005	0.47TrpAsn: 0.47 ± 0.007	0.386TrpPro: 0.386 ± 0.006	0.504TrpGln: 0.504 ± 0.009	0.664TrpArg: 0.664 ± 0.008	0.731TrpSer: 0.731 ± 0.009	0.542TrpThr: 0.542 ± 0.007	0.509TrpVal: 0.509 ± 0.007	0.158TrpTrp: 0.158 ± 0.004	0.311TrpTyr: 0.311 ± 0.006	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.895TyrAla: 1.895 ± 0.015	0.592TyrCys: 0.592 ± 0.008	1.652TyrAsp: 1.652 ± 0.014	1.761TyrGlu: 1.761 ± 0.014	1.169TyrPhe: 1.169 ± 0.013	1.862TyrGly: 1.862 ± 0.016	0.781TyrHis: 0.781 ± 0.01	1.348TyrIle: 1.348 ± 0.013	1.498TyrLys: 1.498 ± 0.012	2.508TyrLeu: 2.508 ± 0.017	0.696TyrMet: 0.696 ± 0.007	1.399TyrAsn: 1.399 ± 0.012	1.318TyrPro: 1.318 ± 0.012	1.343TyrGln: 1.343 ± 0.012	1.623TyrArg: 1.623 ± 0.012	2.056TyrSer: 2.056 ± 0.015	1.516TyrThr: 1.516 ± 0.013	1.649TyrVal: 1.649 ± 0.015	0.328TyrTrp: 0.328 ± 0.007	1.07TyrTyr: 1.07 ± 0.01	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.001XaaAla: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaGly: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaLys: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaLeu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaGln: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaThr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.002XaaXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001

Statistics based on 19992 proteins (12791145 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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