Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Atta cephalotes (Leafcutter ant)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	4.982AlaAla: 4.982 ± 0.056	1.181AlaCys: 1.181 ± 0.026	2.873AlaAsp: 2.873 ± 0.026	3.811AlaGlu: 3.811 ± 0.036	2.096AlaPhe: 2.096 ± 0.023	3.259AlaGly: 3.259 ± 0.03	1.344AlaHis: 1.344 ± 0.017	3.773AlaIle: 3.773 ± 0.027	3.633AlaLys: 3.633 ± 0.036	5.568AlaLeu: 5.568 ± 0.05	1.555AlaMet: 1.555 ± 0.016	2.738AlaAsn: 2.738 ± 0.024	2.519AlaPro: 2.519 ± 0.033	2.344AlaGln: 2.344 ± 0.025	3.188AlaArg: 3.188 ± 0.025	4.736AlaSer: 4.736 ± 0.033	3.893AlaThr: 3.893 ± 0.028	3.798AlaVal: 3.798 ± 0.027	0.625AlaTrp: 0.625 ± 0.011	1.653AlaTyr: 1.653 ± 0.019	0.004AlaXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Cys	1.087CysAla: 1.087 ± 0.017	0.482CysCys: 0.482 ± 0.011	1.144CysAsp: 1.144 ± 0.022	1.181CysGlu: 1.181 ± 0.022	0.723CysPhe: 0.723 ± 0.013	1.308CysGly: 1.308 ± 0.035	0.523CysHis: 0.523 ± 0.013	1.26CysIle: 1.26 ± 0.032	1.21CysLys: 1.21 ± 0.021	1.808CysLeu: 1.808 ± 0.029	0.448CysMet: 0.448 ± 0.011	1.053CysAsn: 1.053 ± 0.02	0.988CysPro: 0.988 ± 0.033	0.79CysGln: 0.79 ± 0.02	1.089CysArg: 1.089 ± 0.033	1.544CysSer: 1.544 ± 0.033	1.161CysThr: 1.161 ± 0.025	1.19CysVal: 1.19 ± 0.029	0.23CysTrp: 0.23 ± 0.007	0.623CysTyr: 0.623 ± 0.012	0.002CysXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Asp	3.044AspAla: 3.044 ± 0.027	1.016AspCys: 1.016 ± 0.024	3.666AspAsp: 3.666 ± 0.041	4.207AspGlu: 4.207 ± 0.037	2.07AspPhe: 2.07 ± 0.019	2.927AspGly: 2.927 ± 0.032	1.157AspHis: 1.157 ± 0.017	3.909AspIle: 3.909 ± 0.033	3.506AspLys: 3.506 ± 0.038	4.742AspLeu: 4.742 ± 0.035	1.296AspMet: 1.296 ± 0.015	2.961AspAsn: 2.961 ± 0.028	2.33AspPro: 2.33 ± 0.036	1.711AspGln: 1.711 ± 0.02	2.696AspArg: 2.696 ± 0.033	4.345AspSer: 4.345 ± 0.042	3.033AspThr: 3.033 ± 0.027	3.571AspVal: 3.571 ± 0.027	0.641AspTrp: 0.641 ± 0.012	1.844AspTyr: 1.844 ± 0.02	0.004AspXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Glu	3.847GluAla: 3.847 ± 0.041	1.234GluCys: 1.234 ± 0.039	4.236GluAsp: 4.236 ± 0.037	6.364GluGlu: 6.364 ± 0.101	2.124GluPhe: 2.124 ± 0.02	2.824GluGly: 2.824 ± 0.035	1.548GluHis: 1.548 ± 0.019	4.503GluIle: 4.503 ± 0.056	5.438GluLys: 5.438 ± 0.063	5.857GluLeu: 5.857 ± 0.052	1.668GluMet: 1.668 ± 0.02	4.08GluAsn: 4.08 ± 0.038	2.317GluPro: 2.317 ± 0.031	2.88GluGln: 2.88 ± 0.033	3.885GluArg: 3.885 ± 0.037	4.682GluSer: 4.682 ± 0.043	3.952GluThr: 3.952 ± 0.039	3.541GluVal: 3.541 ± 0.034	0.69GluTrp: 0.69 ± 0.012	2.023GluTyr: 2.023 ± 0.019	0.005GluXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Phe	2.103PheAla: 2.103 ± 0.023	0.787PheCys: 0.787 ± 0.011	2.036PheAsp: 2.036 ± 0.021	2.139PheGlu: 2.139 ± 0.023	1.466PhePhe: 1.466 ± 0.022	2.137PheGly: 2.137 ± 0.024	0.956PheHis: 0.956 ± 0.015	2.216PheIle: 2.216 ± 0.023	2.04PheLys: 2.04 ± 0.02	3.559PheLeu: 3.559 ± 0.034	0.84PheMet: 0.84 ± 0.013	1.791PheAsn: 1.791 ± 0.021	1.586PhePro: 1.586 ± 0.019	1.385PheGln: 1.385 ± 0.017	1.765PheArg: 1.765 ± 0.02	2.779PheSer: 2.779 ± 0.026	2.121PheThr: 2.121 ± 0.02	2.331PheVal: 2.331 ± 0.023	0.431PheTrp: 0.431 ± 0.009	1.313PheTyr: 1.313 ± 0.018	0.007PheXaa: 0.007 ± 0.001
Gly	2.916GlyAla: 2.916 ± 0.03	0.983GlyCys: 0.983 ± 0.017	2.712GlyAsp: 2.712 ± 0.025	2.984GlyGlu: 2.984 ± 0.033	2.046GlyPhe: 2.046 ± 0.025	3.99GlyGly: 3.99 ± 0.069	1.356GlyHis: 1.356 ± 0.022	3.326GlyIle: 3.326 ± 0.029	3.268GlyLys: 3.268 ± 0.029	4.328GlyLeu: 4.328 ± 0.037	1.207GlyMet: 1.207 ± 0.016	2.703GlyAsn: 2.703 ± 0.027	2.262GlyPro: 2.262 ± 0.048	1.965GlyGln: 1.965 ± 0.023	2.81GlyArg: 2.81 ± 0.029	4.358GlySer: 4.358 ± 0.038	3.144GlyThr: 3.144 ± 0.027	2.989GlyVal: 2.989 ± 0.025	0.616GlyTrp: 0.616 ± 0.012	1.937GlyTyr: 1.937 ± 0.024	0.003GlyXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
His	1.361HisAla: 1.361 ± 0.015	0.576HisCys: 0.576 ± 0.012	1.165HisAsp: 1.165 ± 0.015	1.441HisGlu: 1.441 ± 0.016	0.945HisPhe: 0.945 ± 0.013	1.362HisGly: 1.362 ± 0.02	1.161HisHis: 1.161 ± 0.036	1.537HisIle: 1.537 ± 0.021	1.397HisLys: 1.397 ± 0.02	2.369HisLeu: 2.369 ± 0.024	0.636HisMet: 0.636 ± 0.011	1.227HisAsn: 1.227 ± 0.014	1.347HisPro: 1.347 ± 0.018	1.169HisGln: 1.169 ± 0.019	1.492HisArg: 1.492 ± 0.019	1.952HisSer: 1.952 ± 0.021	1.38HisThr: 1.38 ± 0.015	1.513HisVal: 1.513 ± 0.017	0.286HisTrp: 0.286 ± 0.007	0.879HisTyr: 0.879 ± 0.012	0.002HisXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Ile	3.935IleAla: 3.935 ± 0.029	1.412IleCys: 1.412 ± 0.029	3.58IleAsp: 3.58 ± 0.031	4.154IleGlu: 4.154 ± 0.053	2.49IlePhe: 2.49 ± 0.027	3.153IleGly: 3.153 ± 0.027	1.474IleHis: 1.474 ± 0.015	4.112IleIle: 4.112 ± 0.041	4.07IleLys: 4.07 ± 0.038	5.982IleLeu: 5.982 ± 0.056	1.473IleMet: 1.473 ± 0.018	3.348IleAsn: 3.348 ± 0.034	3.069IlePro: 3.069 ± 0.03	2.539IleGln: 2.539 ± 0.025	3.024IleArg: 3.024 ± 0.024	5.018IleSer: 5.018 ± 0.042	3.771IleThr: 3.771 ± 0.035	3.893IleVal: 3.893 ± 0.028	0.634IleTrp: 0.634 ± 0.012	2.009IleTyr: 2.009 ± 0.026	0.008IleXaa: 0.008 ± 0.001
Lys	3.332LysAla: 3.332 ± 0.029	1.259LysCys: 1.259 ± 0.025	3.74LysAsp: 3.74 ± 0.045	5.144LysGlu: 5.144 ± 0.066	2.163LysPhe: 2.163 ± 0.022	2.53LysGly: 2.53 ± 0.029	1.603LysHis: 1.603 ± 0.021	4.393LysIle: 4.393 ± 0.04	5.588LysLys: 5.588 ± 0.064	5.935LysLeu: 5.935 ± 0.043	1.629LysMet: 1.629 ± 0.018	3.65LysAsn: 3.65 ± 0.03	2.769LysPro: 2.769 ± 0.046	2.821LysGln: 2.821 ± 0.029	3.863LysArg: 3.863 ± 0.03	4.877LysSer: 4.877 ± 0.047	3.741LysThr: 3.741 ± 0.035	3.415LysVal: 3.415 ± 0.032	0.687LysTrp: 0.687 ± 0.012	2.251LysTyr: 2.251 ± 0.023	0.018LysXaa: 0.018 ± 0.002
Leu	5.744LeuAla: 5.744 ± 0.039	1.837LeuCys: 1.837 ± 0.025	4.797LeuAsp: 4.797 ± 0.038	6.186LeuGlu: 6.186 ± 0.057	3.131LeuPhe: 3.131 ± 0.036	4.282LeuGly: 4.282 ± 0.034	2.504LeuHis: 2.504 ± 0.024	5.144LeuIle: 5.144 ± 0.042	6.129LeuLys: 6.129 ± 0.043	8.914LeuLeu: 8.914 ± 0.069	2.128LeuMet: 2.128 ± 0.02	4.432LeuAsn: 4.432 ± 0.034	4.683LeuPro: 4.683 ± 0.033	4.61LeuGln: 4.61 ± 0.04	5.28LeuArg: 5.28 ± 0.037	7.256LeuSer: 7.256 ± 0.045	5.162LeuThr: 5.162 ± 0.033	4.824LeuVal: 4.824 ± 0.034	0.937LeuTrp: 0.937 ± 0.014	2.858LeuTyr: 2.858 ± 0.03	0.012LeuXaa: 0.012 ± 0.002
Met	1.591MetAla: 1.591 ± 0.018	0.44MetCys: 0.44 ± 0.009	1.377MetAsp: 1.377 ± 0.015	1.761MetGlu: 1.761 ± 0.018	0.85MetPhe: 0.85 ± 0.015	1.121MetGly: 1.121 ± 0.018	0.575MetHis: 0.575 ± 0.011	1.446MetIle: 1.446 ± 0.019	1.659MetLys: 1.659 ± 0.02	2.182MetLeu: 2.182 ± 0.023	0.692MetMet: 0.692 ± 0.013	1.21MetAsn: 1.21 ± 0.018	1.147MetPro: 1.147 ± 0.014	1.162MetGln: 1.162 ± 0.016	1.263MetArg: 1.263 ± 0.016	1.904MetSer: 1.904 ± 0.019	1.429MetThr: 1.429 ± 0.017	1.231MetVal: 1.231 ± 0.017	0.253MetTrp: 0.253 ± 0.006	0.747MetTyr: 0.747 ± 0.012	0.002MetXaa: 0.002 ± 0.001
Asn	3.034AsnAla: 3.034 ± 0.028	0.971AsnCys: 0.971 ± 0.018	2.962AsnAsp: 2.962 ± 0.029	3.527AsnGlu: 3.527 ± 0.034	1.909AsnPhe: 1.909 ± 0.023	2.886AsnGly: 2.886 ± 0.028	1.204AsnHis: 1.204 ± 0.018	3.841AsnIle: 3.841 ± 0.032	3.371AsnLys: 3.371 ± 0.032	4.714AsnLeu: 4.714 ± 0.04	1.315AsnMet: 1.315 ± 0.016	3.548AsnAsn: 3.548 ± 0.041	2.278AsnPro: 2.278 ± 0.033	2.031AsnGln: 2.031 ± 0.02	2.461AsnArg: 2.461 ± 0.021	4.172AsnSer: 4.172 ± 0.037	3.032AsnThr: 3.032 ± 0.028	3.535AsnVal: 3.535 ± 0.024	0.536AsnTrp: 0.536 ± 0.011	1.746AsnTyr: 1.746 ± 0.021	0.006AsnXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Pro	2.8ProAla: 2.8 ± 0.031	0.816ProCys: 0.816 ± 0.048	2.4ProAsp: 2.4 ± 0.024	3.108ProGlu: 3.108 ± 0.036	1.592ProPhe: 1.592 ± 0.021	2.751ProGly: 2.751 ± 0.061	1.191ProHis: 1.191 ± 0.015	2.853ProIle: 2.853 ± 0.026	2.643ProLys: 2.643 ± 0.028	4.052ProLeu: 4.052 ± 0.032	1.028ProMet: 1.028 ± 0.016	2.27ProAsn: 2.27 ± 0.025	3.976ProPro: 3.976 ± 0.064	2.066ProGln: 2.066 ± 0.029	2.466ProArg: 2.466 ± 0.028	4.197ProSer: 4.197 ± 0.044	3.059ProThr: 3.059 ± 0.034	2.957ProVal: 2.957 ± 0.032	0.484ProTrp: 0.484 ± 0.01	1.516ProTyr: 1.516 ± 0.022	0.004ProXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Gln	2.422GlnAla: 2.422 ± 0.024	0.831GlnCys: 0.831 ± 0.021	2.043GlnAsp: 2.043 ± 0.021	3.062GlnGlu: 3.062 ± 0.036	1.398GlnPhe: 1.398 ± 0.018	1.783GlnGly: 1.783 ± 0.024	1.274GlnHis: 1.274 ± 0.017	2.524GlnIle: 2.524 ± 0.027	2.723GlnLys: 2.723 ± 0.027	4.021GlnLeu: 4.021 ± 0.036	1.055GlnMet: 1.055 ± 0.017	2.388GlnAsn: 2.388 ± 0.026	2.001GlnPro: 2.001 ± 0.027	3.842GlnGln: 3.842 ± 0.093	2.51GlnArg: 2.51 ± 0.027	3.233GlnSer: 3.233 ± 0.034	2.376GlnThr: 2.376 ± 0.025	2.249GlnVal: 2.249 ± 0.024	0.48GlnTrp: 0.48 ± 0.01	1.358GlnTyr: 1.358 ± 0.017	0.003GlnXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Arg	2.948ArgAla: 2.948 ± 0.024	1.084ArgCys: 1.084 ± 0.021	2.962ArgAsp: 2.962 ± 0.03	3.615ArgGlu: 3.615 ± 0.031	1.897ArgPhe: 1.897 ± 0.018	2.68ArgGly: 2.68 ± 0.031	1.518ArgHis: 1.518 ± 0.019	3.248ArgIle: 3.248 ± 0.03	3.933ArgLys: 3.933 ± 0.035	4.962ArgLeu: 4.962 ± 0.035	1.271ArgMet: 1.271 ± 0.016	2.934ArgAsn: 2.934 ± 0.026	2.427ArgPro: 2.427 ± 0.03	2.367ArgGln: 2.367 ± 0.023	4.04ArgArg: 4.04 ± 0.042	4.299ArgSer: 4.299 ± 0.049	2.857ArgThr: 2.857 ± 0.025	2.791ArgVal: 2.791 ± 0.026	0.59ArgTrp: 0.59 ± 0.011	1.8ArgTyr: 1.8 ± 0.021	0.006ArgXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Ser	4.479SerAla: 4.479 ± 0.029	1.468SerCys: 1.468 ± 0.038	4.384SerAsp: 4.384 ± 0.034	4.861SerGlu: 4.861 ± 0.042	2.737SerPhe: 2.737 ± 0.025	4.515SerGly: 4.515 ± 0.039	1.9SerHis: 1.9 ± 0.023	4.708SerIle: 4.708 ± 0.037	4.841SerLys: 4.841 ± 0.04	7.084SerLeu: 7.084 ± 0.044	1.856SerMet: 1.856 ± 0.018	4.419SerAsn: 4.419 ± 0.035	4.403SerPro: 4.403 ± 0.053	3.335SerGln: 3.335 ± 0.032	4.311SerArg: 4.311 ± 0.046	8.588SerSer: 8.588 ± 0.08	5.418SerThr: 5.418 ± 0.04	4.651SerVal: 4.651 ± 0.031	0.821SerTrp: 0.821 ± 0.014	2.321SerTyr: 2.321 ± 0.023	0.007SerXaa: 0.007 ± 0.001
Thr	3.773ThrAla: 3.773 ± 0.033	1.227ThrCys: 1.227 ± 0.026	3.063ThrAsp: 3.063 ± 0.028	3.809ThrGlu: 3.809 ± 0.045	2.164ThrPhe: 2.164 ± 0.022	3.21ThrGly: 3.21 ± 0.03	1.285ThrHis: 1.285 ± 0.015	3.838ThrIle: 3.838 ± 0.033	3.603ThrLys: 3.603 ± 0.041	5.429ThrLeu: 5.429 ± 0.033	1.46ThrMet: 1.46 ± 0.016	3.06ThrAsn: 3.06 ± 0.024	3.217ThrPro: 3.217 ± 0.035	2.242ThrGln: 2.242 ± 0.024	2.8ThrArg: 2.8 ± 0.024	5.423ThrSer: 5.423 ± 0.046	4.483ThrThr: 4.483 ± 0.065	3.837ThrVal: 3.837 ± 0.033	0.641ThrTrp: 0.641 ± 0.012	1.767ThrTyr: 1.767 ± 0.019	0.006ThrXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Val	3.844ValAla: 3.844 ± 0.03	1.273ValCys: 1.273 ± 0.025	3.148ValAsp: 3.148 ± 0.025	3.75ValGlu: 3.75 ± 0.04	2.172ValPhe: 2.172 ± 0.025	2.85ValGly: 2.85 ± 0.026	1.445ValHis: 1.445 ± 0.018	3.768ValIle: 3.768 ± 0.028	3.617ValLys: 3.617 ± 0.035	5.299ValLeu: 5.299 ± 0.037	1.383ValMet: 1.383 ± 0.017	2.896ValAsn: 2.896 ± 0.026	3.045ValPro: 3.045 ± 0.031	2.528ValGln: 2.528 ± 0.023	2.882ValArg: 2.882 ± 0.024	4.554ValSer: 4.554 ± 0.03	3.902ValThr: 3.902 ± 0.035	3.539ValVal: 3.539 ± 0.03	0.631ValTrp: 0.631 ± 0.011	1.789ValTyr: 1.789 ± 0.02	0.006ValXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Trp	0.549TrpAla: 0.549 ± 0.01	0.225TrpCys: 0.225 ± 0.007	0.586TrpAsp: 0.586 ± 0.011	0.624TrpGlu: 0.624 ± 0.012	0.437TrpPhe: 0.437 ± 0.008	0.512TrpGly: 0.512 ± 0.011	0.284TrpHis: 0.284 ± 0.008	0.735TrpIle: 0.735 ± 0.015	0.737TrpLys: 0.737 ± 0.015	1.109TrpLeu: 1.109 ± 0.017	0.293TrpMet: 0.293 ± 0.007	0.608TrpAsn: 0.608 ± 0.013	0.413TrpPro: 0.413 ± 0.008	0.482TrpGln: 0.482 ± 0.009	0.666TrpArg: 0.666 ± 0.01	0.807TrpSer: 0.807 ± 0.014	0.608TrpThr: 0.608 ± 0.011	0.51TrpVal: 0.51 ± 0.01	0.183TrpTrp: 0.183 ± 0.007	0.394TrpTyr: 0.394 ± 0.009	0.001TrpXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.78TyrAla: 1.78 ± 0.019	0.739TyrCys: 0.739 ± 0.012	1.795TyrAsp: 1.795 ± 0.021	1.966TyrGlu: 1.966 ± 0.019	1.372TyrPhe: 1.372 ± 0.018	1.82TyrGly: 1.82 ± 0.022	0.893TyrHis: 0.893 ± 0.013	2.006TyrIle: 2.006 ± 0.022	1.978TyrLys: 1.978 ± 0.02	2.929TyrLeu: 2.929 ± 0.026	0.808TyrMet: 0.808 ± 0.013	1.756TyrAsn: 1.756 ± 0.021	1.452TyrPro: 1.452 ± 0.025	1.301TyrGln: 1.301 ± 0.016	1.734TyrArg: 1.734 ± 0.018	2.375TyrSer: 2.375 ± 0.024	1.811TyrThr: 1.811 ± 0.02	1.951TyrVal: 1.951 ± 0.02	0.366TyrTrp: 0.366 ± 0.01	1.264TyrTyr: 1.264 ± 0.017	0.005TyrXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Xaa	0.003XaaAla: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.002XaaCys: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.005XaaAsp: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.005XaaGlu: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.006XaaPhe: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.003XaaGly: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.002XaaHis: 0.002 ± 0.001	0.008XaaIle: 0.008 ± 0.001	0.022XaaLys: 0.022 ± 0.002	0.009XaaLeu: 0.009 ± 0.001	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.006XaaAsn: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.004XaaGln: 0.004 ± 0.001	0.005XaaArg: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.008XaaSer: 0.008 ± 0.001	0.006XaaThr: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.005XaaVal: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.001XaaTrp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.006XaaTyr: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.019XaaXaa: 0.019 ± 0.004

Statistics based on 10634 proteins (6079146 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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