Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Bison bison bison

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.431AlaAla: 6.431 ± 0.032	1.389AlaCys: 1.389 ± 0.013	2.915AlaAsp: 2.915 ± 0.014	4.716AlaGlu: 4.716 ± 0.022	2.621AlaPhe: 2.621 ± 0.016	4.529AlaGly: 4.529 ± 0.025	1.531AlaHis: 1.531 ± 0.01	2.742AlaIle: 2.742 ± 0.015	3.437AlaLys: 3.437 ± 0.027	7.115AlaLeu: 7.115 ± 0.033	1.451AlaMet: 1.451 ± 0.01	1.978AlaAsn: 1.978 ± 0.012	4.151AlaPro: 4.151 ± 0.024	3.238AlaGln: 3.238 ± 0.02	3.612AlaArg: 3.612 ± 0.017	5.878AlaSer: 5.878 ± 0.024	3.412AlaThr: 3.412 ± 0.019	4.68AlaVal: 4.68 ± 0.021	0.811AlaTrp: 0.811 ± 0.009	1.504AlaTyr: 1.504 ± 0.011	0.012AlaXaa: 0.012 ± 0.001
Cys	1.239CysAla: 1.239 ± 0.012	0.623CysCys: 0.623 ± 0.011	1.044CysAsp: 1.044 ± 0.013	1.255CysGlu: 1.255 ± 0.012	0.842CysPhe: 0.842 ± 0.007	1.785CysGly: 1.785 ± 0.021	0.648CysHis: 0.648 ± 0.007	0.943CysIle: 0.943 ± 0.008	1.139CysLys: 1.139 ± 0.011	2.159CysLeu: 2.159 ± 0.014	0.409CysMet: 0.409 ± 0.005	0.799CysAsn: 0.799 ± 0.009	1.345CysPro: 1.345 ± 0.017	1.053CysGln: 1.053 ± 0.011	1.284CysArg: 1.284 ± 0.01	2.035CysSer: 2.035 ± 0.016	1.071CysThr: 1.071 ± 0.011	1.283CysVal: 1.283 ± 0.011	0.284CysTrp: 0.284 ± 0.004	0.573CysTyr: 0.573 ± 0.006	0.004CysXaa: 0.004 ± 0.0
Asp	2.849AspAla: 2.849 ± 0.017	1.009AspCys: 1.009 ± 0.01	2.646AspAsp: 2.646 ± 0.02	3.414AspGlu: 3.414 ± 0.018	2.123AspPhe: 2.123 ± 0.012	3.126AspGly: 3.126 ± 0.022	1.15AspHis: 1.15 ± 0.009	2.572AspIle: 2.572 ± 0.015	2.483AspLys: 2.483 ± 0.016	5.063AspLeu: 5.063 ± 0.02	1.098AspMet: 1.098 ± 0.008	1.628AspAsn: 1.628 ± 0.012	2.918AspPro: 2.918 ± 0.015	1.877AspGln: 1.877 ± 0.011	2.456AspArg: 2.456 ± 0.016	4.34AspSer: 4.34 ± 0.024	2.521AspThr: 2.521 ± 0.013	3.048AspVal: 3.048 ± 0.019	0.62AspTrp: 0.62 ± 0.006	1.439AspTyr: 1.439 ± 0.011	0.006AspXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Glu	5.191GluAla: 5.191 ± 0.026	1.439GluCys: 1.439 ± 0.022	4.435GluAsp: 4.435 ± 0.021	7.933GluGlu: 7.933 ± 0.052	2.033GluPhe: 2.033 ± 0.013	4.13GluGly: 4.13 ± 0.02	1.498GluHis: 1.498 ± 0.011	3.162GluIle: 3.162 ± 0.017	5.611GluLys: 5.611 ± 0.035	6.429GluLeu: 6.429 ± 0.036	1.683GluMet: 1.683 ± 0.012	3.209GluAsn: 3.209 ± 0.018	3.282GluPro: 3.282 ± 0.021	3.197GluGln: 3.197 ± 0.021	4.045GluArg: 4.045 ± 0.023	4.535GluSer: 4.535 ± 0.022	3.487GluThr: 3.487 ± 0.019	4.15GluVal: 4.15 ± 0.021	0.693GluTrp: 0.693 ± 0.007	1.548GluTyr: 1.548 ± 0.015	0.007GluXaa: 0.007 ± 0.001
Phe	1.888PheAla: 1.888 ± 0.012	0.97PheCys: 0.97 ± 0.009	1.637PheAsp: 1.637 ± 0.01	1.96PheGlu: 1.96 ± 0.011	1.672PhePhe: 1.672 ± 0.015	2.17PheGly: 2.17 ± 0.016	1.035PheHis: 1.035 ± 0.008	1.857PheIle: 1.857 ± 0.015	1.73PheLys: 1.73 ± 0.013	4.162PheLeu: 4.162 ± 0.024	0.769PheMet: 0.769 ± 0.008	1.32PheAsn: 1.32 ± 0.01	2.023PhePro: 2.023 ± 0.012	1.787PheGln: 1.787 ± 0.011	1.955PheArg: 1.955 ± 0.015	3.503PheSer: 3.503 ± 0.017	2.006PheThr: 2.006 ± 0.012	2.134PheVal: 2.134 ± 0.012	0.485PheTrp: 0.485 ± 0.006	1.204PheTyr: 1.204 ± 0.011	0.005PheXaa: 0.005 ± 0.0
Gly	4.352GlyAla: 4.352 ± 0.026	1.291GlyCys: 1.291 ± 0.012	3.007GlyAsp: 3.007 ± 0.021	4.073GlyGlu: 4.073 ± 0.028	2.359GlyPhe: 2.359 ± 0.015	4.699GlyGly: 4.699 ± 0.034	1.67GlyHis: 1.67 ± 0.011	2.662GlyIle: 2.662 ± 0.015	3.757GlyLys: 3.757 ± 0.024	5.812GlyLeu: 5.812 ± 0.026	1.26GlyMet: 1.26 ± 0.009	2.323GlyAsn: 2.323 ± 0.013	4.18GlyPro: 4.18 ± 0.041	2.735GlyGln: 2.735 ± 0.017	3.785GlyArg: 3.785 ± 0.02	5.825GlySer: 5.825 ± 0.025	3.469GlyThr: 3.469 ± 0.019	3.477GlyVal: 3.477 ± 0.019	0.774GlyTrp: 0.774 ± 0.009	1.619GlyTyr: 1.619 ± 0.013	0.014GlyXaa: 0.014 ± 0.001
His	1.31HisAla: 1.31 ± 0.01	0.69HisCys: 0.69 ± 0.008	0.873HisAsp: 0.873 ± 0.008	1.295HisGlu: 1.295 ± 0.01	1.079HisPhe: 1.079 ± 0.008	1.485HisGly: 1.485 ± 0.011	0.904HisHis: 0.904 ± 0.01	1.223HisIle: 1.223 ± 0.01	1.256HisLys: 1.256 ± 0.009	2.94HisLeu: 2.94 ± 0.016	0.577HisMet: 0.577 ± 0.005	0.83HisAsn: 0.83 ± 0.007	1.671HisPro: 1.671 ± 0.012	1.44HisGln: 1.44 ± 0.015	1.614HisArg: 1.614 ± 0.011	2.359HisSer: 2.359 ± 0.016	1.573HisThr: 1.573 ± 0.018	1.513HisVal: 1.513 ± 0.011	0.342HisTrp: 0.342 ± 0.005	0.804HisTyr: 0.804 ± 0.008	0.005HisXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Ile	2.507IleAla: 2.507 ± 0.014	1.101IleCys: 1.101 ± 0.009	1.943IleAsp: 1.943 ± 0.012	2.532IleGlu: 2.532 ± 0.016	1.933IlePhe: 1.933 ± 0.014	2.107IleGly: 2.107 ± 0.014	1.411IleHis: 1.411 ± 0.014	2.332IleIle: 2.332 ± 0.016	2.619IleLys: 2.619 ± 0.015	4.63IleLeu: 4.63 ± 0.022	1.011IleMet: 1.011 ± 0.009	1.803IleAsn: 1.803 ± 0.011	2.63IlePro: 2.63 ± 0.016	2.341IleGln: 2.341 ± 0.013	2.307IleArg: 2.307 ± 0.012	3.829IleSer: 3.829 ± 0.018	2.576IleThr: 2.576 ± 0.017	2.45IleVal: 2.45 ± 0.013	0.507IleTrp: 0.507 ± 0.006	1.37IleTyr: 1.37 ± 0.01	0.005IleXaa: 0.005 ± 0.001
Lys	4.078LysAla: 4.078 ± 0.025	1.144LysCys: 1.144 ± 0.013	3.206LysAsp: 3.206 ± 0.019	5.285LysGlu: 5.285 ± 0.031	1.699LysPhe: 1.699 ± 0.012	3.178LysGly: 3.178 ± 0.024	1.434LysHis: 1.434 ± 0.012	2.771LysIle: 2.771 ± 0.016	4.766LysLys: 4.766 ± 0.031	5.235LysLeu: 5.235 ± 0.025	1.465LysMet: 1.465 ± 0.011	2.39LysAsn: 2.39 ± 0.017	3.226LysPro: 3.226 ± 0.025	2.693LysGln: 2.693 ± 0.019	3.307LysArg: 3.307 ± 0.018	4.041LysSer: 4.041 ± 0.024	3.195LysThr: 3.195 ± 0.016	3.432LysVal: 3.432 ± 0.021	0.605LysTrp: 0.605 ± 0.007	1.563LysTyr: 1.563 ± 0.018	0.006LysXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Leu	6.797LeuAla: 6.797 ± 0.032	2.173LeuCys: 2.173 ± 0.015	4.701LeuAsp: 4.701 ± 0.021	7.266LeuGlu: 7.266 ± 0.042	3.414LeuPhe: 3.414 ± 0.023	5.93LeuGly: 5.93 ± 0.025	2.723LeuHis: 2.723 ± 0.015	3.934LeuIle: 3.934 ± 0.02	5.907LeuLys: 5.907 ± 0.027	10.805LeuLeu: 10.805 ± 0.053	2.019LeuMet: 2.019 ± 0.013	3.522LeuAsn: 3.522 ± 0.016	6.052LeuPro: 6.052 ± 0.026	5.88LeuGln: 5.88 ± 0.035	5.942LeuArg: 5.942 ± 0.028	8.181LeuSer: 8.181 ± 0.029	5.151LeuThr: 5.151 ± 0.021	5.536LeuVal: 5.536 ± 0.026	1.132LeuTrp: 1.132 ± 0.01	2.521LeuTyr: 2.521 ± 0.018	0.017LeuXaa: 0.017 ± 0.001
Met	1.868MetAla: 1.868 ± 0.011	0.394MetCys: 0.394 ± 0.005	1.225MetAsp: 1.225 ± 0.01	1.832MetGlu: 1.832 ± 0.01	0.722MetPhe: 0.722 ± 0.007	1.245MetGly: 1.245 ± 0.008	0.456MetHis: 0.456 ± 0.005	0.852MetIle: 0.852 ± 0.007	1.459MetLys: 1.459 ± 0.011	1.998MetLeu: 1.998 ± 0.013	0.587MetMet: 0.587 ± 0.007	0.901MetAsn: 0.901 ± 0.009	1.088MetPro: 1.088 ± 0.011	0.929MetGln: 0.929 ± 0.008	1.032MetArg: 1.032 ± 0.008	1.58MetSer: 1.58 ± 0.012	1.114MetThr: 1.114 ± 0.008	1.372MetVal: 1.372 ± 0.009	0.235MetTrp: 0.235 ± 0.004	0.621MetTyr: 0.621 ± 0.007	0.002MetXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Asn	2.006AsnAla: 2.006 ± 0.011	0.818AsnCys: 0.818 ± 0.008	1.496AsnAsp: 1.496 ± 0.01	2.216AsnGlu: 2.216 ± 0.014	1.45AsnPhe: 1.45 ± 0.01	2.309AsnGly: 2.309 ± 0.016	0.953AsnHis: 0.953 ± 0.009	2.082AsnIle: 2.082 ± 0.012	2.226AsnLys: 2.226 ± 0.014	3.768AsnLeu: 3.768 ± 0.017	0.877AsnMet: 0.877 ± 0.008	1.486AsnAsn: 1.486 ± 0.011	2.207AsnPro: 2.207 ± 0.013	1.691AsnGln: 1.691 ± 0.013	1.81AsnArg: 1.81 ± 0.012	3.172AsnSer: 3.172 ± 0.019	1.954AsnThr: 1.954 ± 0.012	2.15AsnVal: 2.15 ± 0.012	0.446AsnTrp: 0.446 ± 0.005	1.111AsnTyr: 1.111 ± 0.011	0.004AsnXaa: 0.004 ± 0.001
Pro	4.845ProAla: 4.845 ± 0.027	1.115ProCys: 1.115 ± 0.013	2.809ProAsp: 2.809 ± 0.019	4.512ProGlu: 4.512 ± 0.028	1.931ProPhe: 1.931 ± 0.013	5.188ProGly: 5.188 ± 0.052	1.46ProHis: 1.46 ± 0.012	1.867ProIle: 1.867 ± 0.014	2.858ProLys: 2.858 ± 0.024	5.319ProLeu: 5.319 ± 0.026	1.097ProMet: 1.097 ± 0.009	1.781ProAsn: 1.781 ± 0.013	5.966ProPro: 5.966 ± 0.052	2.897ProGln: 2.897 ± 0.018	3.399ProArg: 3.399 ± 0.021	5.938ProSer: 5.938 ± 0.03	3.136ProThr: 3.136 ± 0.021	3.926ProVal: 3.926 ± 0.02	0.72ProTrp: 0.72 ± 0.008	1.523ProTyr: 1.523 ± 0.015	0.015ProXaa: 0.015 ± 0.001
Gln	3.537GlnAla: 3.537 ± 0.021	0.899GlnCys: 0.899 ± 0.009	2.368GlnAsp: 2.368 ± 0.014	4.04GlnGlu: 4.04 ± 0.025	1.348GlnPhe: 1.348 ± 0.01	2.835GlnGly: 2.835 ± 0.02	1.315GlnHis: 1.315 ± 0.01	2.025GlnIle: 2.025 ± 0.012	3.073GlnLys: 3.073 ± 0.022	4.835GlnLeu: 4.835 ± 0.028	1.12GlnMet: 1.12 ± 0.008	1.865GlnAsn: 1.865 ± 0.012	2.846GlnPro: 2.846 ± 0.019	3.046GlnGln: 3.046 ± 0.032	3.051GlnArg: 3.051 ± 0.018	3.264GlnSer: 3.264 ± 0.016	2.398GlnThr: 2.398 ± 0.014	2.841GlnVal: 2.841 ± 0.014	0.536GlnTrp: 0.536 ± 0.005	1.109GlnTyr: 1.109 ± 0.008	0.006GlnXaa: 0.006 ± 0.001
Arg	3.838ArgAla: 3.838 ± 0.02	1.187ArgCys: 1.187 ± 0.012	2.726ArgAsp: 2.726 ± 0.016	4.045ArgGlu: 4.045 ± 0.02	1.807ArgPhe: 1.807 ± 0.013	3.62ArgGly: 3.62 ± 0.024	1.511ArgHis: 1.511 ± 0.011	2.396ArgIle: 2.396 ± 0.013	3.748ArgLys: 3.748 ± 0.02	5.423ArgLeu: 5.423 ± 0.024	1.16ArgMet: 1.16 ± 0.009	2.131ArgAsn: 2.131 ± 0.012	3.312ArgPro: 3.312 ± 0.02	2.649ArgGln: 2.649 ± 0.016	4.335ArgArg: 4.335 ± 0.022	4.34ArgSer: 4.34 ± 0.024	2.838ArgThr: 2.838 ± 0.016	3.155ArgVal: 3.155 ± 0.017	0.673ArgTrp: 0.673 ± 0.007	1.44ArgTyr: 1.44 ± 0.01	0.01ArgXaa: 0.01 ± 0.001
Ser	5.401SerAla: 5.401 ± 0.021	1.87SerCys: 1.87 ± 0.016	4.053SerAsp: 4.053 ± 0.028	5.443SerGlu: 5.443 ± 0.026	3.102SerPhe: 3.102 ± 0.016	5.637SerGly: 5.637 ± 0.027	2.182SerHis: 2.182 ± 0.014	3.267SerIle: 3.267 ± 0.018	4.21SerLys: 4.21 ± 0.02	8.458SerLeu: 8.458 ± 0.033	1.612SerMet: 1.612 ± 0.01	2.708SerAsn: 2.708 ± 0.016	6.213SerPro: 6.213 ± 0.036	4.066SerGln: 4.066 ± 0.021	4.638SerArg: 4.638 ± 0.023	9.764SerSer: 9.764 ± 0.056	4.597SerThr: 4.597 ± 0.027	5.021SerVal: 5.021 ± 0.022	1.096SerTrp: 1.096 ± 0.009	2.116SerTyr: 2.116 ± 0.015	0.011SerXaa: 0.011 ± 0.001
Thr	3.714ThrAla: 3.714 ± 0.021	1.324ThrCys: 1.324 ± 0.013	2.475ThrAsp: 2.475 ± 0.013	3.584ThrGlu: 3.584 ± 0.021	2.078ThrPhe: 2.078 ± 0.014	3.529ThrGly: 3.529 ± 0.021	1.311ThrHis: 1.311 ± 0.01	2.397ThrIle: 2.397 ± 0.018	2.67ThrLys: 2.67 ± 0.018	5.323ThrLeu: 5.323 ± 0.02	1.072ThrMet: 1.072 ± 0.009	1.696ThrAsn: 1.696 ± 0.011	3.707ThrPro: 3.707 ± 0.027	2.345ThrGln: 2.345 ± 0.015	2.484ThrArg: 2.484 ± 0.012	4.749ThrSer: 4.749 ± 0.027	2.99ThrThr: 2.99 ± 0.032	3.908ThrVal: 3.908 ± 0.02	0.687ThrTrp: 0.687 ± 0.008	1.381ThrTyr: 1.381 ± 0.01	0.008ThrXaa: 0.008 ± 0.001
Val	4.161ValAla: 4.161 ± 0.019	1.477ValCys: 1.477 ± 0.012	2.902ValAsp: 2.902 ± 0.017	3.795ValGlu: 3.795 ± 0.021	2.389ValPhe: 2.389 ± 0.014	3.287ValGly: 3.287 ± 0.017	1.57ValHis: 1.57 ± 0.012	2.953ValIle: 2.953 ± 0.016	3.399ValLys: 3.399 ± 0.02	6.3ValLeu: 6.3 ± 0.026	1.348ValMet: 1.348 ± 0.009	2.257ValAsn: 2.257 ± 0.013	3.679ValPro: 3.679 ± 0.021	2.725ValGln: 2.725 ± 0.013	2.983ValArg: 2.983 ± 0.015	5.021ValSer: 5.021 ± 0.021	3.773ValThr: 3.773 ± 0.024	3.98ValVal: 3.98 ± 0.02	0.7ValTrp: 0.7 ± 0.007	1.618ValTyr: 1.618 ± 0.011	0.008ValXaa: 0.008 ± 0.001
Trp	0.789TrpAla: 0.789 ± 0.008	0.239TrpCys: 0.239 ± 0.004	0.665TrpAsp: 0.665 ± 0.007	0.815TrpGlu: 0.815 ± 0.007	0.443TrpPhe: 0.443 ± 0.006	0.737TrpGly: 0.737 ± 0.009	0.287TrpHis: 0.287 ± 0.005	0.556TrpIle: 0.556 ± 0.007	0.791TrpLys: 0.791 ± 0.008	1.194TrpLeu: 1.194 ± 0.011	0.309TrpMet: 0.309 ± 0.004	0.529TrpAsn: 0.529 ± 0.006	0.517TrpPro: 0.517 ± 0.007	0.51TrpGln: 0.51 ± 0.006	0.729TrpArg: 0.729 ± 0.008	0.882TrpSer: 0.882 ± 0.009	0.669TrpThr: 0.669 ± 0.008	0.698TrpVal: 0.698 ± 0.007	0.191TrpTrp: 0.191 ± 0.004	0.322TrpTyr: 0.322 ± 0.005	0.002TrpXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.34TyrAla: 1.34 ± 0.01	0.66TyrCys: 0.66 ± 0.007	1.254TyrAsp: 1.254 ± 0.011	1.678TyrGlu: 1.678 ± 0.015	1.221TyrPhe: 1.221 ± 0.011	1.602TyrGly: 1.602 ± 0.013	0.731TyrHis: 0.731 ± 0.007	1.349TyrIle: 1.349 ± 0.011	1.576TyrLys: 1.576 ± 0.029	2.622TyrLeu: 2.622 ± 0.014	0.587TyrMet: 0.587 ± 0.006	1.072TyrAsn: 1.072 ± 0.009	1.274TyrPro: 1.274 ± 0.01	1.252TyrGln: 1.252 ± 0.011	1.566TyrArg: 1.566 ± 0.013	2.217TyrSer: 2.217 ± 0.014	1.494TyrThr: 1.494 ± 0.013	1.557TyrVal: 1.557 ± 0.011	0.337TyrTrp: 0.337 ± 0.006	0.906TyrTyr: 0.906 ± 0.009	0.003TyrXaa: 0.003 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.012XaaAla: 0.012 ± 0.001	0.004XaaCys: 0.004 ± 0.0	0.005XaaAsp: 0.005 ± 0.0	0.008XaaGlu: 0.008 ± 0.001	0.006XaaPhe: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.017XaaGly: 0.017 ± 0.001	0.004XaaHis: 0.004 ± 0.0	0.005XaaIle: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.007XaaLys: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.012XaaLeu: 0.012 ± 0.001	0.002XaaMet: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.004XaaAsn: 0.004 ± 0.0	0.015XaaPro: 0.015 ± 0.001	0.006XaaGln: 0.006 ± 0.001	0.009XaaArg: 0.009 ± 0.001	0.011XaaSer: 0.011 ± 0.001	0.007XaaThr: 0.007 ± 0.001	0.011XaaVal: 0.011 ± 0.001	0.002XaaTrp: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.005XaaTyr: 0.005 ± 0.001	0.194XaaXaa: 0.194 ± 0.009

Statistics based on 29577 proteins (17611492 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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