Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Malus domestica (Apple) (Pyrus malus)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	6.525AlaAla: 6.525 ± 0.029	1.253AlaCys: 1.253 ± 0.01	3.151AlaAsp: 3.151 ± 0.016	4.227AlaGlu: 4.227 ± 0.019	2.767AlaPhe: 2.767 ± 0.014	4.138AlaGly: 4.138 ± 0.017	1.351AlaHis: 1.351 ± 0.01	3.6AlaIle: 3.6 ± 0.014	3.877AlaLys: 3.877 ± 0.017	6.653AlaLeu: 6.653 ± 0.027	1.779AlaMet: 1.779 ± 0.011	2.604AlaAsn: 2.604 ± 0.013	2.982AlaPro: 2.982 ± 0.015	2.188AlaGln: 2.188 ± 0.014	3.391AlaArg: 3.391 ± 0.016	6.134AlaSer: 6.134 ± 0.023	3.7AlaThr: 3.7 ± 0.015	4.85AlaVal: 4.85 ± 0.021	0.769AlaTrp: 0.769 ± 0.007	1.786AlaTyr: 1.786 ± 0.01	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.02CysAla: 1.02 ± 0.009	0.532CysCys: 0.532 ± 0.006	0.865CysAsp: 0.865 ± 0.009	0.89CysGlu: 0.89 ± 0.008	0.922CysPhe: 0.922 ± 0.009	1.393CysGly: 1.393 ± 0.011	0.481CysHis: 0.481 ± 0.006	1.023CysIle: 1.023 ± 0.009	1.15CysLys: 1.15 ± 0.01	1.889CysLeu: 1.889 ± 0.012	0.46CysMet: 0.46 ± 0.006	0.86CysAsn: 0.86 ± 0.009	0.957CysPro: 0.957 ± 0.01	0.607CysGln: 0.607 ± 0.007	1.093CysArg: 1.093 ± 0.01	1.861CysSer: 1.861 ± 0.012	0.93CysThr: 0.93 ± 0.008	1.101CysVal: 1.101 ± 0.009	0.266CysTrp: 0.266 ± 0.004	0.548CysTyr: 0.548 ± 0.006	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.414AspAla: 3.414 ± 0.016	0.967AspCys: 0.967 ± 0.008	3.592AspAsp: 3.592 ± 0.02	3.919AspGlu: 3.919 ± 0.02	2.285AspPhe: 2.285 ± 0.014	3.84AspGly: 3.84 ± 0.015	1.332AspHis: 1.332 ± 0.011	2.814AspIle: 2.814 ± 0.015	2.644AspLys: 2.644 ± 0.014	4.997AspLeu: 4.997 ± 0.017	1.312AspMet: 1.312 ± 0.009	2.021AspAsn: 2.021 ± 0.012	2.607AspPro: 2.607 ± 0.013	1.81AspGln: 1.81 ± 0.014	2.421AspArg: 2.421 ± 0.016	4.16AspSer: 4.16 ± 0.016	2.156AspThr: 2.156 ± 0.012	3.592AspVal: 3.592 ± 0.015	0.689AspTrp: 0.689 ± 0.008	1.525AspTyr: 1.525 ± 0.01	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.788GluAla: 4.788 ± 0.02	0.904GluCys: 0.904 ± 0.007	3.893GluAsp: 3.893 ± 0.019	6.05GluGlu: 6.05 ± 0.034	2.355GluPhe: 2.355 ± 0.013	3.813GluGly: 3.813 ± 0.017	1.261GluHis: 1.261 ± 0.009	3.566GluIle: 3.566 ± 0.017	4.644GluLys: 4.644 ± 0.025	5.904GluLeu: 5.904 ± 0.019	1.719GluMet: 1.719 ± 0.011	3.063GluAsn: 3.063 ± 0.016	2.208GluPro: 2.208 ± 0.013	2.166GluGln: 2.166 ± 0.014	3.422GluArg: 3.422 ± 0.02	4.559GluSer: 4.559 ± 0.018	3.038GluThr: 3.038 ± 0.019	4.162GluVal: 4.162 ± 0.018	0.715GluTrp: 0.715 ± 0.007	1.586GluTyr: 1.586 ± 0.011	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.5PheAla: 2.5 ± 0.014	0.953PheCys: 0.953 ± 0.009	2.338PheAsp: 2.338 ± 0.011	2.292PheGlu: 2.292 ± 0.013	2.021PhePhe: 2.021 ± 0.014	3.118PheGly: 3.118 ± 0.017	1.135PheHis: 1.135 ± 0.009	2.008PheIle: 2.008 ± 0.012	2.107PheLys: 2.107 ± 0.013	4.307PheLeu: 4.307 ± 0.02	0.962PheMet: 0.962 ± 0.008	1.745PheAsn: 1.745 ± 0.011	2.17PhePro: 2.17 ± 0.014	1.583PheGln: 1.583 ± 0.01	2.152PheArg: 2.152 ± 0.011	4.137PheSer: 4.137 ± 0.02	2.027PheThr: 2.027 ± 0.01	2.87PheVal: 2.87 ± 0.016	0.6PheTrp: 0.6 ± 0.006	1.271PheTyr: 1.271 ± 0.01	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.945GlyAla: 3.945 ± 0.017	1.324GlyCys: 1.324 ± 0.011	3.452GlyAsp: 3.452 ± 0.016	3.712GlyGlu: 3.712 ± 0.016	3.254GlyPhe: 3.254 ± 0.017	5.764GlyGly: 5.764 ± 0.035	1.55GlyHis: 1.55 ± 0.011	3.519GlyIle: 3.519 ± 0.016	4.036GlyLys: 4.036 ± 0.017	5.945GlyLeu: 5.945 ± 0.021	1.534GlyMet: 1.534 ± 0.011	3.111GlyAsn: 3.111 ± 0.019	2.504GlyPro: 2.504 ± 0.016	2.107GlyGln: 2.107 ± 0.012	3.736GlyArg: 3.736 ± 0.019	6.169GlySer: 6.169 ± 0.023	3.298GlyThr: 3.298 ± 0.017	4.317GlyVal: 4.317 ± 0.017	0.936GlyTrp: 0.936 ± 0.008	2.005GlyTyr: 2.005 ± 0.014	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.432HisAla: 1.432 ± 0.01	0.544HisCys: 0.544 ± 0.007	1.162HisAsp: 1.162 ± 0.008	1.32HisGlu: 1.32 ± 0.009	1.096HisPhe: 1.096 ± 0.01	1.742HisGly: 1.742 ± 0.01	1.037HisHis: 1.037 ± 0.011	1.239HisIle: 1.239 ± 0.009	1.208HisLys: 1.208 ± 0.009	2.494HisLeu: 2.494 ± 0.014	0.567HisMet: 0.567 ± 0.006	0.994HisAsn: 0.994 ± 0.008	1.417HisPro: 1.417 ± 0.011	1.083HisGln: 1.083 ± 0.009	1.454HisArg: 1.454 ± 0.01	1.996HisSer: 1.996 ± 0.012	1.053HisThr: 1.053 ± 0.007	1.579HisVal: 1.579 ± 0.01	0.315HisTrp: 0.315 ± 0.004	0.702HisTyr: 0.702 ± 0.007	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.406IleAla: 3.406 ± 0.017	1.098IleCys: 1.098 ± 0.008	2.711IleAsp: 2.711 ± 0.014	3.053IleGlu: 3.053 ± 0.014	2.302IlePhe: 2.302 ± 0.014	3.308IleGly: 3.308 ± 0.016	1.279IleHis: 1.279 ± 0.009	2.567IleIle: 2.567 ± 0.015	2.785IleLys: 2.785 ± 0.016	5.002IleLeu: 5.002 ± 0.02	1.115IleMet: 1.115 ± 0.01	2.095IleAsn: 2.095 ± 0.013	2.923IlePro: 2.923 ± 0.017	1.907IleGln: 1.907 ± 0.011	2.643IleArg: 2.643 ± 0.014	4.76IleSer: 4.76 ± 0.02	2.534IleThr: 2.534 ± 0.014	3.411IleVal: 3.411 ± 0.017	0.694IleTrp: 0.694 ± 0.008	1.461IleTyr: 1.461 ± 0.011	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.028LysAla: 4.028 ± 0.017	0.97LysCys: 0.97 ± 0.008	3.166LysAsp: 3.166 ± 0.015	4.479LysGlu: 4.479 ± 0.025	2.21LysPhe: 2.21 ± 0.011	3.613LysGly: 3.613 ± 0.016	1.361LysHis: 1.361 ± 0.011	3.099LysIle: 3.099 ± 0.013	4.719LysLys: 4.719 ± 0.026	5.934LysLeu: 5.934 ± 0.022	1.503LysMet: 1.503 ± 0.009	2.639LysAsn: 2.639 ± 0.014	2.849LysPro: 2.849 ± 0.015	2.318LysGln: 2.318 ± 0.013	3.58LysArg: 3.58 ± 0.019	4.66LysSer: 4.66 ± 0.02	2.929LysThr: 2.929 ± 0.015	3.845LysVal: 3.845 ± 0.016	0.772LysTrp: 0.772 ± 0.008	1.613LysTyr: 1.613 ± 0.011	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.44LeuAla: 6.44 ± 0.024	1.923LeuCys: 1.923 ± 0.013	4.984LeuAsp: 4.984 ± 0.017	6.226LeuGlu: 6.226 ± 0.021	3.896LeuPhe: 3.896 ± 0.019	5.951LeuGly: 5.951 ± 0.023	2.625LeuHis: 2.625 ± 0.015	4.566LeuIle: 4.566 ± 0.019	6.093LeuLys: 6.093 ± 0.024	9.854LeuLeu: 9.854 ± 0.03	2.11LeuMet: 2.11 ± 0.012	3.944LeuAsn: 3.944 ± 0.019	5.306LeuPro: 5.306 ± 0.023	4.279LeuGln: 4.279 ± 0.02	5.454LeuArg: 5.454 ± 0.02	8.67LeuSer: 8.67 ± 0.03	4.587LeuThr: 4.587 ± 0.019	6.488LeuVal: 6.488 ± 0.022	1.153LeuTrp: 1.153 ± 0.008	2.489LeuTyr: 2.489 ± 0.012	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	2.091MetAla: 2.091 ± 0.011	0.35MetCys: 0.35 ± 0.005	1.387MetAsp: 1.387 ± 0.01	1.962MetGlu: 1.962 ± 0.012	0.831MetPhe: 0.831 ± 0.008	1.645MetGly: 1.645 ± 0.011	0.547MetHis: 0.547 ± 0.007	1.146MetIle: 1.146 ± 0.01	1.585MetLys: 1.585 ± 0.01	2.167MetLeu: 2.167 ± 0.011	0.675MetMet: 0.675 ± 0.007	1.006MetAsn: 1.006 ± 0.008	1.1MetPro: 1.1 ± 0.009	0.932MetGln: 0.932 ± 0.008	1.231MetArg: 1.231 ± 0.008	1.776MetSer: 1.776 ± 0.011	1.056MetThr: 1.056 ± 0.009	1.664MetVal: 1.664 ± 0.011	0.278MetTrp: 0.278 ± 0.004	0.583MetTyr: 0.583 ± 0.006	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.663AsnAla: 2.663 ± 0.013	0.867AsnCys: 0.867 ± 0.008	2.033AsnAsp: 2.033 ± 0.014	2.426AsnGlu: 2.426 ± 0.013	2.011AsnPhe: 2.011 ± 0.012	3.282AsnGly: 3.282 ± 0.017	1.122AsnHis: 1.122 ± 0.009	2.344AsnIle: 2.344 ± 0.012	2.35AsnLys: 2.35 ± 0.012	4.65AsnLeu: 4.65 ± 0.026	1.105AsnMet: 1.105 ± 0.01	2.228AsnAsn: 2.228 ± 0.017	2.485AsnPro: 2.485 ± 0.014	1.706AsnGln: 1.706 ± 0.012	2.033AsnArg: 2.033 ± 0.012	3.957AsnSer: 3.957 ± 0.018	1.962AsnThr: 1.962 ± 0.013	2.836AsnVal: 2.836 ± 0.014	0.579AsnTrp: 0.579 ± 0.006	1.321AsnTyr: 1.321 ± 0.01	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.2ProAla: 3.2 ± 0.018	0.803ProCys: 0.803 ± 0.007	2.445ProAsp: 2.445 ± 0.012	3.093ProGlu: 3.093 ± 0.016	2.051ProPhe: 2.051 ± 0.012	2.695ProGly: 2.695 ± 0.015	1.229ProHis: 1.229 ± 0.01	2.371ProIle: 2.371 ± 0.014	2.934ProLys: 2.934 ± 0.019	4.444ProLeu: 4.444 ± 0.022	1.021ProMet: 1.021 ± 0.008	2.478ProAsn: 2.478 ± 0.014	4.23ProPro: 4.23 ± 0.05	1.929ProGln: 1.929 ± 0.013	2.493ProArg: 2.493 ± 0.014	5.38ProSer: 5.38 ± 0.023	2.847ProThr: 2.847 ± 0.017	3.105ProVal: 3.105 ± 0.014	0.611ProTrp: 0.611 ± 0.006	1.341ProTyr: 1.341 ± 0.011	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.394GlnAla: 2.394 ± 0.014	0.597GlnCys: 0.597 ± 0.006	1.636GlnAsp: 1.636 ± 0.01	2.354GlnGlu: 2.354 ± 0.015	1.395GlnPhe: 1.395 ± 0.011	2.129GlnGly: 2.129 ± 0.014	0.961GlnHis: 0.961 ± 0.008	1.987GlnIle: 1.987 ± 0.013	2.364GlnLys: 2.364 ± 0.012	3.694GlnLeu: 3.694 ± 0.017	0.981GlnMet: 0.981 ± 0.008	1.835GlnAsn: 1.835 ± 0.011	1.862GlnPro: 1.862 ± 0.014	2.123GlnGln: 2.123 ± 0.026	2.166GlnArg: 2.166 ± 0.012	2.958GlnSer: 2.958 ± 0.015	1.819GlnThr: 1.819 ± 0.011	2.403GlnVal: 2.403 ± 0.013	0.48GlnTrp: 0.48 ± 0.006	0.933GlnTyr: 0.933 ± 0.008	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	3.304ArgAla: 3.304 ± 0.017	1.012ArgCys: 1.012 ± 0.009	2.643ArgAsp: 2.643 ± 0.016	3.396ArgGlu: 3.396 ± 0.019	2.227ArgPhe: 2.227 ± 0.011	3.339ArgGly: 3.339 ± 0.019	1.334ArgHis: 1.334 ± 0.009	2.788ArgIle: 2.788 ± 0.013	3.8ArgLys: 3.8 ± 0.019	5.084ArgLeu: 5.084 ± 0.019	1.32ArgMet: 1.32 ± 0.01	2.459ArgAsn: 2.459 ± 0.012	2.504ArgPro: 2.504 ± 0.014	1.885ArgGln: 1.885 ± 0.012	4.075ArgArg: 4.075 ± 0.023	4.485ArgSer: 4.485 ± 0.022	2.58ArgThr: 2.58 ± 0.013	3.419ArgVal: 3.419 ± 0.014	0.772ArgTrp: 0.772 ± 0.007	1.427ArgTyr: 1.427 ± 0.011	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.653SerAla: 5.653 ± 0.022	1.746SerCys: 1.746 ± 0.012	4.411SerAsp: 4.411 ± 0.018	4.792SerGlu: 4.792 ± 0.02	3.981SerPhe: 3.981 ± 0.016	6.01SerGly: 6.01 ± 0.022	2.111SerHis: 2.111 ± 0.013	4.371SerIle: 4.371 ± 0.018	4.905SerLys: 4.905 ± 0.021	8.878SerLeu: 8.878 ± 0.029	2.051SerMet: 2.051 ± 0.01	4.126SerAsn: 4.126 ± 0.018	4.749SerPro: 4.749 ± 0.026	3.082SerGln: 3.082 ± 0.016	4.52SerArg: 4.52 ± 0.019	11.271SerSer: 11.271 ± 0.047	4.905SerThr: 4.905 ± 0.024	5.346SerVal: 5.346 ± 0.021	1.18SerTrp: 1.18 ± 0.009	2.288SerTyr: 2.288 ± 0.012	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.519ThrAla: 3.519 ± 0.017	0.945ThrCys: 0.945 ± 0.008	2.266ThrAsp: 2.266 ± 0.012	2.842ThrGlu: 2.842 ± 0.015	2.074ThrPhe: 2.074 ± 0.012	3.262ThrGly: 3.262 ± 0.014	1.109ThrHis: 1.109 ± 0.009	2.665ThrIle: 2.665 ± 0.015	2.791ThrLys: 2.791 ± 0.014	4.725ThrLeu: 4.725 ± 0.018	1.201ThrMet: 1.201 ± 0.007	2.157ThrAsn: 2.157 ± 0.013	2.759ThrPro: 2.759 ± 0.019	1.638ThrGln: 1.638 ± 0.011	2.501ThrArg: 2.501 ± 0.014	4.726ThrSer: 4.726 ± 0.02	3.152ThrThr: 3.152 ± 0.016	3.358ThrVal: 3.358 ± 0.015	0.655ThrTrp: 0.655 ± 0.007	1.386ThrTyr: 1.386 ± 0.012	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.853ValAla: 4.853 ± 0.019	1.192ValCys: 1.192 ± 0.008	3.718ValAsp: 3.718 ± 0.016	4.492ValGlu: 4.492 ± 0.02	2.771ValPhe: 2.771 ± 0.015	4.345ValGly: 4.345 ± 0.019	1.599ValHis: 1.599 ± 0.01	3.28ValIle: 3.28 ± 0.014	3.847ValLys: 3.847 ± 0.014	6.473ValLeu: 6.473 ± 0.019	1.543ValMet: 1.543 ± 0.011	2.582ValAsn: 2.582 ± 0.014	3.326ValPro: 3.326 ± 0.015	2.354ValGln: 2.354 ± 0.015	3.204ValArg: 3.204 ± 0.016	5.485ValSer: 5.485 ± 0.02	3.244ValThr: 3.244 ± 0.016	5.133ValVal: 5.133 ± 0.019	0.795ValTrp: 0.795 ± 0.009	1.882ValTyr: 1.882 ± 0.011	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.781TrpAla: 0.781 ± 0.007	0.259TrpCys: 0.259 ± 0.004	0.714TrpAsp: 0.714 ± 0.007	0.757TrpGlu: 0.757 ± 0.008	0.57TrpPhe: 0.57 ± 0.006	0.757TrpGly: 0.757 ± 0.009	0.293TrpHis: 0.293 ± 0.004	0.682TrpIle: 0.682 ± 0.007	0.923TrpLys: 0.923 ± 0.007	1.237TrpLeu: 1.237 ± 0.01	0.339TrpMet: 0.339 ± 0.005	0.698TrpAsn: 0.698 ± 0.007	0.499TrpPro: 0.499 ± 0.006	0.437TrpGln: 0.437 ± 0.006	0.847TrpArg: 0.847 ± 0.007	0.989TrpSer: 0.989 ± 0.008	0.641TrpThr: 0.641 ± 0.006	0.878TrpVal: 0.878 ± 0.008	0.254TrpTrp: 0.254 ± 0.005	0.351TrpTyr: 0.351 ± 0.005	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.769TyrAla: 1.769 ± 0.013	0.611TyrCys: 0.611 ± 0.007	1.53TyrAsp: 1.53 ± 0.01	1.533TyrGlu: 1.533 ± 0.011	1.276TyrPhe: 1.276 ± 0.009	2.075TyrGly: 2.075 ± 0.013	0.717TyrHis: 0.717 ± 0.006	1.419TyrIle: 1.419 ± 0.011	1.524TyrLys: 1.524 ± 0.012	2.704TyrLeu: 2.704 ± 0.014	0.716TyrMet: 0.716 ± 0.006	1.315TyrAsn: 1.315 ± 0.008	1.261TyrPro: 1.261 ± 0.009	0.938TyrGln: 0.938 ± 0.008	1.438TyrArg: 1.438 ± 0.01	2.24TyrSer: 2.24 ± 0.012	1.274TyrThr: 1.274 ± 0.01	1.765TyrVal: 1.765 ± 0.011	0.393TyrTrp: 0.393 ± 0.005	0.953TyrTyr: 0.953 ± 0.012	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 42478 proteins (16694911 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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