Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Papaver somniferum (Opium poppy)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.652AlaAla: 5.652 ± 0.027	1.185AlaCys: 1.185 ± 0.009	3.004AlaAsp: 3.004 ± 0.015	4.03AlaGlu: 4.03 ± 0.02	2.567AlaPhe: 2.567 ± 0.014	4.015AlaGly: 4.015 ± 0.022	1.232AlaHis: 1.232 ± 0.009	3.62AlaIle: 3.62 ± 0.02	3.841AlaLys: 3.841 ± 0.017	6.042AlaLeu: 6.042 ± 0.025	1.686AlaMet: 1.686 ± 0.011	2.539AlaAsn: 2.539 ± 0.013	2.577AlaPro: 2.577 ± 0.016	1.964AlaGln: 1.964 ± 0.012	3.081AlaArg: 3.081 ± 0.016	5.559AlaSer: 5.559 ± 0.023	3.52AlaThr: 3.52 ± 0.016	4.643AlaVal: 4.643 ± 0.02	0.706AlaTrp: 0.706 ± 0.007	1.799AlaTyr: 1.799 ± 0.012	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	0.972CysAla: 0.972 ± 0.009	0.554CysCys: 0.554 ± 0.008	0.854CysAsp: 0.854 ± 0.007	0.907CysGlu: 0.907 ± 0.009	0.883CysPhe: 0.883 ± 0.009	1.347CysGly: 1.347 ± 0.011	0.44CysHis: 0.44 ± 0.007	1.081CysIle: 1.081 ± 0.009	1.191CysLys: 1.191 ± 0.011	1.842CysLeu: 1.842 ± 0.013	0.483CysMet: 0.483 ± 0.005	0.907CysAsn: 0.907 ± 0.008	0.863CysPro: 0.863 ± 0.008	0.6CysGln: 0.6 ± 0.007	0.993CysArg: 0.993 ± 0.008	1.814CysSer: 1.814 ± 0.013	0.938CysThr: 0.938 ± 0.008	1.077CysVal: 1.077 ± 0.009	0.26CysTrp: 0.26 ± 0.004	0.562CysTyr: 0.562 ± 0.005	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	3.309AspAla: 3.309 ± 0.017	0.931AspCys: 0.931 ± 0.007	3.669AspAsp: 3.669 ± 0.024	4.202AspGlu: 4.202 ± 0.02	2.35AspPhe: 2.35 ± 0.013	3.79AspGly: 3.79 ± 0.017	1.221AspHis: 1.221 ± 0.01	3.165AspIle: 3.165 ± 0.014	2.838AspLys: 2.838 ± 0.014	4.957AspLeu: 4.957 ± 0.02	1.386AspMet: 1.386 ± 0.009	2.212AspAsn: 2.212 ± 0.012	2.508AspPro: 2.508 ± 0.017	1.8AspGln: 1.8 ± 0.011	2.332AspArg: 2.332 ± 0.014	4.247AspSer: 4.247 ± 0.018	2.349AspThr: 2.349 ± 0.014	3.648AspVal: 3.648 ± 0.016	0.707AspTrp: 0.707 ± 0.007	1.644AspTyr: 1.644 ± 0.011	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.403GluAla: 4.403 ± 0.021	0.911GluCys: 0.911 ± 0.009	4.111GluAsp: 4.111 ± 0.024	6.428GluGlu: 6.428 ± 0.036	2.448GluPhe: 2.448 ± 0.013	3.599GluGly: 3.599 ± 0.017	1.249GluHis: 1.249 ± 0.01	4.007GluIle: 4.007 ± 0.018	4.985GluLys: 4.985 ± 0.022	5.769GluLeu: 5.769 ± 0.022	1.891GluMet: 1.891 ± 0.012	3.242GluAsn: 3.242 ± 0.017	2.049GluPro: 2.049 ± 0.013	2.177GluGln: 2.177 ± 0.013	3.194GluArg: 3.194 ± 0.016	4.541GluSer: 4.541 ± 0.02	3.234GluThr: 3.234 ± 0.019	4.294GluVal: 4.294 ± 0.019	0.692GluTrp: 0.692 ± 0.007	1.699GluTyr: 1.699 ± 0.012	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	2.428PheAla: 2.428 ± 0.012	0.91PheCys: 0.91 ± 0.008	2.332PheAsp: 2.332 ± 0.014	2.324PheGlu: 2.324 ± 0.013	2.034PhePhe: 2.034 ± 0.013	3.079PheGly: 3.079 ± 0.016	1.103PheHis: 1.103 ± 0.009	2.266PheIle: 2.266 ± 0.015	2.222PheLys: 2.222 ± 0.013	4.254PheLeu: 4.254 ± 0.021	1.024PheMet: 1.024 ± 0.01	1.821PheAsn: 1.821 ± 0.011	1.986PhePro: 1.986 ± 0.014	1.554PheGln: 1.554 ± 0.011	2.033PheArg: 2.033 ± 0.012	4.027PheSer: 4.027 ± 0.017	2.144PheThr: 2.144 ± 0.013	2.816PheVal: 2.816 ± 0.013	0.553PheTrp: 0.553 ± 0.006	1.302PheTyr: 1.302 ± 0.01	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.725GlyAla: 3.725 ± 0.019	1.34GlyCys: 1.34 ± 0.012	3.476GlyAsp: 3.476 ± 0.017	3.609GlyGlu: 3.609 ± 0.014	3.223GlyPhe: 3.223 ± 0.014	5.755GlyGly: 5.755 ± 0.039	1.407GlyHis: 1.407 ± 0.009	3.792GlyIle: 3.792 ± 0.017	4.202GlyLys: 4.202 ± 0.019	5.88GlyLeu: 5.88 ± 0.02	1.57GlyMet: 1.57 ± 0.011	3.213GlyAsn: 3.213 ± 0.016	2.225GlyPro: 2.225 ± 0.013	1.903GlyGln: 1.903 ± 0.013	3.483GlyArg: 3.483 ± 0.019	5.862GlySer: 5.862 ± 0.023	3.325GlyThr: 3.325 ± 0.015	4.357GlyVal: 4.357 ± 0.019	0.907GlyTrp: 0.907 ± 0.009	2.12GlyTyr: 2.12 ± 0.012	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	1.249HisAla: 1.249 ± 0.009	0.489HisCys: 0.489 ± 0.006	1.099HisAsp: 1.099 ± 0.01	1.276HisGlu: 1.276 ± 0.01	1.049HisPhe: 1.049 ± 0.009	1.676HisGly: 1.676 ± 0.011	1.025HisHis: 1.025 ± 0.013	1.234HisIle: 1.234 ± 0.008	1.204HisLys: 1.204 ± 0.009	2.303HisLeu: 2.303 ± 0.013	0.56HisMet: 0.56 ± 0.006	0.968HisAsn: 0.968 ± 0.008	1.291HisPro: 1.291 ± 0.01	1.097HisGln: 1.097 ± 0.009	1.29HisArg: 1.29 ± 0.01	1.866HisSer: 1.866 ± 0.012	1.009HisThr: 1.009 ± 0.008	1.462HisVal: 1.462 ± 0.011	0.304HisTrp: 0.304 ± 0.004	0.734HisTyr: 0.734 ± 0.007	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.507IleAla: 3.507 ± 0.017	1.166IleCys: 1.166 ± 0.009	3.001IleAsp: 3.001 ± 0.015	3.302IleGlu: 3.302 ± 0.015	2.412IlePhe: 2.412 ± 0.015	3.496IleGly: 3.496 ± 0.019	1.377IleHis: 1.377 ± 0.009	3.076IleIle: 3.076 ± 0.017	3.222IleLys: 3.222 ± 0.016	5.458IleLeu: 5.458 ± 0.023	1.256IleMet: 1.256 ± 0.011	2.374IleAsn: 2.374 ± 0.012	3.08IlePro: 3.08 ± 0.017	2.122IleGln: 2.122 ± 0.014	2.712IleArg: 2.712 ± 0.014	5.302IleSer: 5.302 ± 0.02	2.87IleThr: 2.87 ± 0.017	3.603IleVal: 3.603 ± 0.017	0.744IleTrp: 0.744 ± 0.008	1.622IleTyr: 1.622 ± 0.01	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	3.936LysAla: 3.936 ± 0.018	1.063LysCys: 1.063 ± 0.009	3.461LysAsp: 3.461 ± 0.018	4.82LysGlu: 4.82 ± 0.023	2.347LysPhe: 2.347 ± 0.013	3.658LysGly: 3.658 ± 0.017	1.373LysHis: 1.373 ± 0.01	3.526LysIle: 3.526 ± 0.016	5.347LysLys: 5.347 ± 0.03	6.05LysLeu: 6.05 ± 0.02	1.641LysMet: 1.641 ± 0.011	3.032LysAsn: 3.032 ± 0.016	2.769LysPro: 2.769 ± 0.017	2.388LysGln: 2.388 ± 0.012	3.621LysArg: 3.621 ± 0.016	4.946LysSer: 4.946 ± 0.02	3.188LysThr: 3.188 ± 0.016	4.02LysVal: 4.02 ± 0.018	0.811LysTrp: 0.811 ± 0.008	1.79LysTyr: 1.79 ± 0.014	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	6.059LeuAla: 6.059 ± 0.024	1.778LeuCys: 1.778 ± 0.013	4.97LeuAsp: 4.97 ± 0.019	6.127LeuGlu: 6.127 ± 0.024	3.84LeuPhe: 3.84 ± 0.019	5.768LeuGly: 5.768 ± 0.023	2.451LeuHis: 2.451 ± 0.013	4.911LeuIle: 4.911 ± 0.024	6.202LeuLys: 6.202 ± 0.02	9.569LeuLeu: 9.569 ± 0.034	2.237LeuMet: 2.237 ± 0.013	3.999LeuAsn: 3.999 ± 0.018	4.729LeuPro: 4.729 ± 0.019	4.164LeuGln: 4.164 ± 0.019	4.963LeuArg: 4.963 ± 0.022	8.22LeuSer: 8.22 ± 0.034	4.501LeuThr: 4.501 ± 0.02	6.476LeuVal: 6.476 ± 0.025	1.075LeuTrp: 1.075 ± 0.008	2.509LeuTyr: 2.509 ± 0.014	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	1.998MetAla: 1.998 ± 0.012	0.342MetCys: 0.342 ± 0.005	1.521MetAsp: 1.521 ± 0.01	2.034MetGlu: 2.034 ± 0.014	0.918MetPhe: 0.918 ± 0.007	1.707MetGly: 1.707 ± 0.012	0.529MetHis: 0.529 ± 0.007	1.34MetIle: 1.34 ± 0.009	1.851MetLys: 1.851 ± 0.012	2.187MetLeu: 2.187 ± 0.013	0.766MetMet: 0.766 ± 0.007	1.174MetAsn: 1.174 ± 0.009	0.987MetPro: 0.987 ± 0.009	0.906MetGln: 0.906 ± 0.009	1.203MetArg: 1.203 ± 0.009	1.862MetSer: 1.862 ± 0.011	1.098MetThr: 1.098 ± 0.008	1.814MetVal: 1.814 ± 0.012	0.257MetTrp: 0.257 ± 0.004	0.663MetTyr: 0.663 ± 0.007	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	2.536AsnAla: 2.536 ± 0.012	0.889AsnCys: 0.889 ± 0.008	2.196AsnAsp: 2.196 ± 0.013	2.69AsnGlu: 2.69 ± 0.015	1.98AsnPhe: 1.98 ± 0.011	3.406AsnGly: 3.406 ± 0.018	1.198AsnHis: 1.198 ± 0.009	2.592AsnIle: 2.592 ± 0.013	2.691AsnLys: 2.691 ± 0.014	4.573AsnLeu: 4.573 ± 0.02	1.165AsnMet: 1.165 ± 0.009	2.651AsnAsn: 2.651 ± 0.019	2.484AsnPro: 2.484 ± 0.014	1.862AsnGln: 1.862 ± 0.012	2.076AsnArg: 2.076 ± 0.013	4.249AsnSer: 4.249 ± 0.018	2.224AsnThr: 2.224 ± 0.014	2.898AsnVal: 2.898 ± 0.013	0.603AsnTrp: 0.603 ± 0.007	1.41AsnTyr: 1.41 ± 0.01	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	2.77ProAla: 2.77 ± 0.014	0.77ProCys: 0.77 ± 0.007	2.388ProAsp: 2.388 ± 0.014	2.961ProGlu: 2.961 ± 0.016	1.898ProPhe: 1.898 ± 0.012	2.592ProGly: 2.592 ± 0.012	0.986ProHis: 0.986 ± 0.008	2.409ProIle: 2.409 ± 0.014	2.822ProLys: 2.822 ± 0.021	4.039ProLeu: 4.039 ± 0.018	0.967ProMet: 0.967 ± 0.008	2.275ProAsn: 2.275 ± 0.013	3.541ProPro: 3.541 ± 0.044	1.653ProGln: 1.653 ± 0.013	2.217ProArg: 2.217 ± 0.013	4.823ProSer: 4.823 ± 0.025	2.679ProThr: 2.679 ± 0.018	3.122ProVal: 3.122 ± 0.017	0.579ProTrp: 0.579 ± 0.007	1.324ProTyr: 1.324 ± 0.011	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	2.218GlnAla: 2.218 ± 0.015	0.564GlnCys: 0.564 ± 0.006	1.673GlnAsp: 1.673 ± 0.011	2.425GlnGlu: 2.425 ± 0.016	1.391GlnPhe: 1.391 ± 0.01	2.094GlnGly: 2.094 ± 0.013	0.949GlnHis: 0.949 ± 0.009	2.118GlnIle: 2.118 ± 0.012	2.415GlnLys: 2.415 ± 0.015	3.545GlnLeu: 3.545 ± 0.015	1.012GlnMet: 1.012 ± 0.008	1.857GlnAsn: 1.857 ± 0.013	1.635GlnPro: 1.635 ± 0.013	2.271GlnGln: 2.271 ± 0.029	1.996GlnArg: 1.996 ± 0.012	2.771GlnSer: 2.771 ± 0.015	1.794GlnThr: 1.794 ± 0.011	2.438GlnVal: 2.438 ± 0.014	0.466GlnTrp: 0.466 ± 0.006	0.927GlnTyr: 0.927 ± 0.008	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	2.878ArgAla: 2.878 ± 0.015	0.946ArgCys: 0.946 ± 0.008	2.593ArgAsp: 2.593 ± 0.016	3.135ArgGlu: 3.135 ± 0.017	2.163ArgPhe: 2.163 ± 0.013	3.104ArgGly: 3.104 ± 0.018	1.15ArgHis: 1.15 ± 0.009	2.93ArgIle: 2.93 ± 0.015	3.847ArgLys: 3.847 ± 0.019	4.667ArgLeu: 4.667 ± 0.02	1.319ArgMet: 1.319 ± 0.009	2.602ArgAsn: 2.602 ± 0.014	2.089ArgPro: 2.089 ± 0.015	1.758ArgGln: 1.758 ± 0.01	3.631ArgArg: 3.631 ± 0.019	4.183ArgSer: 4.183 ± 0.021	2.439ArgThr: 2.439 ± 0.014	3.257ArgVal: 3.257 ± 0.014	0.685ArgTrp: 0.685 ± 0.007	1.467ArgTyr: 1.467 ± 0.01	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.155SerAla: 5.155 ± 0.021	1.698SerCys: 1.698 ± 0.012	4.396SerAsp: 4.396 ± 0.019	4.811SerGlu: 4.811 ± 0.021	3.947SerPhe: 3.947 ± 0.015	5.773SerGly: 5.773 ± 0.025	1.873SerHis: 1.873 ± 0.012	4.812SerIle: 4.812 ± 0.019	5.192SerLys: 5.192 ± 0.019	8.409SerLeu: 8.409 ± 0.033	2.146SerMet: 2.146 ± 0.013	4.253SerAsn: 4.253 ± 0.02	4.255SerPro: 4.255 ± 0.024	2.918SerGln: 2.918 ± 0.016	4.32SerArg: 4.32 ± 0.02	11.622SerSer: 11.622 ± 0.048	5.103SerThr: 5.103 ± 0.021	5.536SerVal: 5.536 ± 0.022	1.178SerTrp: 1.178 ± 0.009	2.386SerTyr: 2.386 ± 0.015	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	3.385ThrAla: 3.385 ± 0.016	0.968ThrCys: 0.968 ± 0.01	2.497ThrAsp: 2.497 ± 0.013	2.978ThrGlu: 2.978 ± 0.014	2.068ThrPhe: 2.068 ± 0.012	3.425ThrGly: 3.425 ± 0.017	1.074ThrHis: 1.074 ± 0.008	2.867ThrIle: 2.867 ± 0.013	2.981ThrLys: 2.981 ± 0.014	4.606ThrLeu: 4.606 ± 0.018	1.249ThrMet: 1.249 ± 0.009	2.362ThrAsn: 2.362 ± 0.014	2.714ThrPro: 2.714 ± 0.016	1.655ThrGln: 1.655 ± 0.011	2.41ThrArg: 2.41 ± 0.014	5.03ThrSer: 5.03 ± 0.018	3.532ThrThr: 3.532 ± 0.021	3.478ThrVal: 3.478 ± 0.015	0.654ThrTrp: 0.654 ± 0.007	1.484ThrTyr: 1.484 ± 0.012	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	4.616ValAla: 4.616 ± 0.022	1.191ValCys: 1.191 ± 0.009	3.788ValAsp: 3.788 ± 0.014	4.485ValGlu: 4.485 ± 0.02	2.786ValPhe: 2.786 ± 0.016	4.221ValGly: 4.221 ± 0.019	1.542ValHis: 1.542 ± 0.011	3.691ValIle: 3.691 ± 0.015	4.106ValLys: 4.106 ± 0.017	6.432ValLeu: 6.432 ± 0.029	1.633ValMet: 1.633 ± 0.01	2.801ValAsn: 2.801 ± 0.014	3.227ValPro: 3.227 ± 0.017	2.322ValGln: 2.322 ± 0.014	3.045ValArg: 3.045 ± 0.015	5.533ValSer: 5.533 ± 0.022	3.459ValThr: 3.459 ± 0.018	5.167ValVal: 5.167 ± 0.023	0.759ValTrp: 0.759 ± 0.007	1.991ValTyr: 1.991 ± 0.013	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	0.716TrpAla: 0.716 ± 0.007	0.241TrpCys: 0.241 ± 0.004	0.69TrpAsp: 0.69 ± 0.007	0.757TrpGlu: 0.757 ± 0.007	0.556TrpPhe: 0.556 ± 0.007	0.755TrpGly: 0.755 ± 0.008	0.278TrpHis: 0.278 ± 0.004	0.744TrpIle: 0.744 ± 0.007	0.963TrpLys: 0.963 ± 0.007	1.156TrpLeu: 1.156 ± 0.008	0.371TrpMet: 0.371 ± 0.005	0.727TrpAsn: 0.727 ± 0.008	0.455TrpPro: 0.455 ± 0.006	0.425TrpGln: 0.425 ± 0.006	0.781TrpArg: 0.781 ± 0.008	0.966TrpSer: 0.966 ± 0.008	0.615TrpThr: 0.615 ± 0.007	0.839TrpVal: 0.839 ± 0.009	0.253TrpTrp: 0.253 ± 0.004	0.341TrpTyr: 0.341 ± 0.005	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.748TyrAla: 1.748 ± 0.011	0.632TyrCys: 0.632 ± 0.008	1.545TyrAsp: 1.545 ± 0.01	1.622TyrGlu: 1.622 ± 0.012	1.347TyrPhe: 1.347 ± 0.011	2.113TyrGly: 2.113 ± 0.012	0.729TyrHis: 0.729 ± 0.007	1.52TyrIle: 1.52 ± 0.012	1.664TyrLys: 1.664 ± 0.014	2.812TyrLeu: 2.812 ± 0.014	0.795TyrMet: 0.795 ± 0.008	1.368TyrAsn: 1.368 ± 0.013	1.35TyrPro: 1.35 ± 0.011	1.022TyrGln: 1.022 ± 0.007	1.463TyrArg: 1.463 ± 0.011	2.36TyrSer: 2.36 ± 0.015	1.397TyrThr: 1.397 ± 0.01	1.853TyrVal: 1.853 ± 0.014	0.436TyrTrp: 0.436 ± 0.006	1.027TyrTyr: 1.027 ± 0.009	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 41351 proteins (15615007 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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