Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Drosophila virilis (Fruit fly)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	10.885AlaAla: 10.885 ± 0.102	1.183AlaCys: 1.183 ± 0.024	3.613AlaAsp: 3.613 ± 0.022	4.787AlaGlu: 4.787 ± 0.032	2.141AlaPhe: 2.141 ± 0.018	4.985AlaGly: 4.985 ± 0.032	1.827AlaHis: 1.827 ± 0.015	3.424AlaIle: 3.424 ± 0.022	4.165AlaLys: 4.165 ± 0.027	6.582AlaLeu: 6.582 ± 0.038	1.716AlaMet: 1.716 ± 0.016	3.546AlaAsn: 3.546 ± 0.023	4.245AlaPro: 4.245 ± 0.037	3.805AlaGln: 3.805 ± 0.03	3.481AlaArg: 3.481 ± 0.024	6.255AlaSer: 6.255 ± 0.039	5.356AlaThr: 5.356 ± 0.04	4.582AlaVal: 4.582 ± 0.022	0.611AlaTrp: 0.611 ± 0.008	1.854AlaTyr: 1.854 ± 0.016	0.002AlaXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Cys	1.323CysAla: 1.323 ± 0.02	0.521CysCys: 0.521 ± 0.01	1.084CysAsp: 1.084 ± 0.016	1.133CysGlu: 1.133 ± 0.018	0.695CysPhe: 0.695 ± 0.011	1.274CysGly: 1.274 ± 0.026	0.492CysHis: 0.492 ± 0.009	1.008CysIle: 1.008 ± 0.017	1.022CysLys: 1.022 ± 0.015	1.731CysLeu: 1.731 ± 0.023	0.404CysMet: 0.404 ± 0.007	0.913CysAsn: 0.913 ± 0.014	0.95CysPro: 0.95 ± 0.024	0.856CysGln: 0.856 ± 0.021	1.08CysArg: 1.08 ± 0.03	1.507CysSer: 1.507 ± 0.02	0.999CysThr: 0.999 ± 0.015	1.166CysVal: 1.166 ± 0.022	0.194CysTrp: 0.194 ± 0.005	0.557CysTyr: 0.557 ± 0.01	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	4.004AspAla: 4.004 ± 0.02	1.002AspCys: 1.002 ± 0.018	3.848AspAsp: 3.848 ± 0.037	4.291AspGlu: 4.291 ± 0.034	2.056AspPhe: 2.056 ± 0.016	3.13AspGly: 3.13 ± 0.028	0.995AspHis: 0.995 ± 0.01	2.92AspIle: 2.92 ± 0.022	2.787AspLys: 2.787 ± 0.026	4.439AspLeu: 4.439 ± 0.024	1.293AspMet: 1.293 ± 0.01	2.453AspAsn: 2.453 ± 0.022	2.238AspPro: 2.238 ± 0.027	1.823AspGln: 1.823 ± 0.015	2.35AspArg: 2.35 ± 0.019	3.854AspSer: 3.854 ± 0.023	2.533AspThr: 2.533 ± 0.017	3.343AspVal: 3.343 ± 0.021	0.602AspTrp: 0.602 ± 0.009	1.815AspTyr: 1.815 ± 0.014	0.001AspXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Glu	4.532GluAla: 4.532 ± 0.039	1.145GluCys: 1.145 ± 0.028	3.666GluAsp: 3.666 ± 0.029	5.452GluGlu: 5.452 ± 0.062	2.086GluPhe: 2.086 ± 0.016	2.721GluGly: 2.721 ± 0.03	1.756GluHis: 1.756 ± 0.015	3.185GluIle: 3.185 ± 0.025	3.963GluLys: 3.963 ± 0.044	6.588GluLeu: 6.588 ± 0.04	1.462GluMet: 1.462 ± 0.014	2.837GluAsn: 2.837 ± 0.017	3.106GluPro: 3.106 ± 0.036	4.0GluGln: 4.0 ± 0.031	4.095GluArg: 4.095 ± 0.03	4.282GluSer: 4.282 ± 0.036	3.38GluThr: 3.38 ± 0.024	3.196GluVal: 3.196 ± 0.028	0.565GluTrp: 0.565 ± 0.009	1.828GluTyr: 1.828 ± 0.017	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Phe	2.284PheAla: 2.284 ± 0.015	0.713PheCys: 0.713 ± 0.009	2.035PheAsp: 2.035 ± 0.017	2.09PheGlu: 2.09 ± 0.017	1.392PhePhe: 1.392 ± 0.019	2.296PheGly: 2.296 ± 0.02	0.817PheHis: 0.817 ± 0.008	1.88PheIle: 1.88 ± 0.017	1.875PheLys: 1.875 ± 0.013	3.107PheLeu: 3.107 ± 0.026	0.878PheMet: 0.878 ± 0.01	1.668PheAsn: 1.668 ± 0.015	1.325PhePro: 1.325 ± 0.012	1.391PheGln: 1.391 ± 0.012	1.847PheArg: 1.847 ± 0.021	2.399PheSer: 2.399 ± 0.015	1.833PheThr: 1.833 ± 0.015	2.339PheVal: 2.339 ± 0.018	0.413PheTrp: 0.413 ± 0.008	1.232PheTyr: 1.232 ± 0.016	0.001PheXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gly	4.49GlyAla: 4.49 ± 0.033	1.005GlyCys: 1.005 ± 0.017	2.944GlyAsp: 2.944 ± 0.018	3.185GlyGlu: 3.185 ± 0.033	1.993GlyPhe: 1.993 ± 0.016	5.739GlyGly: 5.739 ± 0.067	1.561GlyHis: 1.561 ± 0.013	2.839GlyIle: 2.839 ± 0.019	2.995GlyLys: 2.995 ± 0.026	4.46GlyLeu: 4.46 ± 0.027	1.274GlyMet: 1.274 ± 0.015	3.039GlyAsn: 3.039 ± 0.024	2.383GlyPro: 2.383 ± 0.032	2.501GlyGln: 2.501 ± 0.029	2.927GlyArg: 2.927 ± 0.021	5.485GlySer: 5.485 ± 0.035	3.204GlyThr: 3.204 ± 0.026	3.391GlyVal: 3.391 ± 0.022	0.597GlyTrp: 0.597 ± 0.009	2.009GlyTyr: 2.009 ± 0.022	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
His	1.727HisAla: 1.727 ± 0.014	0.564HisCys: 0.564 ± 0.009	1.114HisAsp: 1.114 ± 0.01	1.481HisGlu: 1.481 ± 0.013	0.986HisPhe: 0.986 ± 0.01	1.48HisGly: 1.48 ± 0.013	1.226HisHis: 1.226 ± 0.022	1.387HisIle: 1.387 ± 0.012	1.337HisLys: 1.337 ± 0.012	2.439HisLeu: 2.439 ± 0.018	0.74HisMet: 0.74 ± 0.01	1.319HisAsn: 1.319 ± 0.012	1.284HisPro: 1.284 ± 0.013	1.536HisGln: 1.536 ± 0.018	1.391HisArg: 1.391 ± 0.014	2.117HisSer: 2.117 ± 0.017	1.403HisThr: 1.403 ± 0.013	1.497HisVal: 1.497 ± 0.013	0.302HisTrp: 0.302 ± 0.005	0.879HisTyr: 0.879 ± 0.009	0.001HisXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Ile	3.521IleAla: 3.521 ± 0.019	1.176IleCys: 1.176 ± 0.015	2.81IleAsp: 2.81 ± 0.02	3.338IleGlu: 3.338 ± 0.029	2.083IlePhe: 2.083 ± 0.02	2.713IleGly: 2.713 ± 0.019	1.054IleHis: 1.054 ± 0.01	2.87IleIle: 2.87 ± 0.024	3.028IleLys: 3.028 ± 0.026	4.106IleLeu: 4.106 ± 0.027	1.189IleMet: 1.189 ± 0.011	2.555IleAsn: 2.555 ± 0.019	2.168IlePro: 2.168 ± 0.015	1.921IleGln: 1.921 ± 0.015	2.428IleArg: 2.428 ± 0.016	4.014IleSer: 4.014 ± 0.024	2.9IleThr: 2.9 ± 0.028	3.253IleVal: 3.253 ± 0.019	0.548IleTrp: 0.548 ± 0.008	1.732IleTyr: 1.732 ± 0.015	0.002IleXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Lys	3.53LysAla: 3.53 ± 0.027	1.17LysCys: 1.17 ± 0.019	2.815LysAsp: 2.815 ± 0.03	3.697LysGlu: 3.697 ± 0.029	1.834LysPhe: 1.834 ± 0.017	2.274LysGly: 2.274 ± 0.02	1.416LysHis: 1.416 ± 0.012	2.728LysIle: 2.728 ± 0.022	3.998LysLys: 3.998 ± 0.046	5.456LysLeu: 5.456 ± 0.031	1.379LysMet: 1.379 ± 0.012	2.421LysAsn: 2.421 ± 0.019	3.309LysPro: 3.309 ± 0.057	2.93LysGln: 2.93 ± 0.02	3.664LysArg: 3.664 ± 0.025	4.137LysSer: 4.137 ± 0.024	3.067LysThr: 3.067 ± 0.02	2.922LysVal: 2.922 ± 0.028	0.61LysTrp: 0.61 ± 0.012	1.82LysTyr: 1.82 ± 0.016	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.797LeuAla: 6.797 ± 0.036	1.72LeuCys: 1.72 ± 0.016	4.84LeuAsp: 4.84 ± 0.023	6.217LeuGlu: 6.217 ± 0.042	2.933LeuPhe: 2.933 ± 0.025	4.667LeuGly: 4.667 ± 0.029	2.523LeuHis: 2.523 ± 0.021	4.343LeuIle: 4.343 ± 0.029	5.364LeuLys: 5.364 ± 0.03	9.269LeuLeu: 9.269 ± 0.064	2.012LeuMet: 2.012 ± 0.016	4.377LeuAsn: 4.377 ± 0.023	5.147LeuPro: 5.147 ± 0.03	5.5LeuGln: 5.5 ± 0.038	5.526LeuArg: 5.526 ± 0.031	6.883LeuSer: 6.883 ± 0.035	4.9LeuThr: 4.9 ± 0.024	4.864LeuVal: 4.864 ± 0.028	0.839LeuTrp: 0.839 ± 0.011	2.481LeuTyr: 2.481 ± 0.018	0.003LeuXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Met	1.761MetAla: 1.761 ± 0.015	0.412MetCys: 0.412 ± 0.006	1.354MetAsp: 1.354 ± 0.012	1.531MetGlu: 1.531 ± 0.012	0.792MetPhe: 0.792 ± 0.009	1.313MetGly: 1.313 ± 0.015	0.666MetHis: 0.666 ± 0.008	0.899MetIle: 0.899 ± 0.011	1.109MetLys: 1.109 ± 0.011	2.286MetLeu: 2.286 ± 0.02	0.575MetMet: 0.575 ± 0.008	0.98MetAsn: 0.98 ± 0.011	1.446MetPro: 1.446 ± 0.016	1.338MetGln: 1.338 ± 0.013	1.483MetArg: 1.483 ± 0.011	1.841MetSer: 1.841 ± 0.015	1.145MetThr: 1.145 ± 0.01	1.134MetVal: 1.134 ± 0.011	0.231MetTrp: 0.231 ± 0.004	0.643MetTyr: 0.643 ± 0.009	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	3.759AsnAla: 3.759 ± 0.026	0.995AsnCys: 0.995 ± 0.013	2.412AsnAsp: 2.412 ± 0.019	2.952AsnGlu: 2.952 ± 0.018	1.734AsnPhe: 1.734 ± 0.015	3.442AsnGly: 3.442 ± 0.031	1.055AsnHis: 1.055 ± 0.012	2.705AsnIle: 2.705 ± 0.016	2.489AsnLys: 2.489 ± 0.016	4.077AsnLeu: 4.077 ± 0.021	1.218AsnMet: 1.218 ± 0.012	3.834AsnAsn: 3.834 ± 0.05	2.084AsnPro: 2.084 ± 0.022	1.902AsnGln: 1.902 ± 0.015	2.249AsnArg: 2.249 ± 0.015	4.323AsnSer: 4.323 ± 0.034	2.543AsnThr: 2.543 ± 0.019	3.01AsnVal: 3.01 ± 0.019	0.534AsnTrp: 0.534 ± 0.008	1.612AsnTyr: 1.612 ± 0.016	0.001AsnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Pro	4.638ProAla: 4.638 ± 0.038	0.741ProCys: 0.741 ± 0.035	2.473ProAsp: 2.473 ± 0.02	3.35ProGlu: 3.35 ± 0.041	1.583ProPhe: 1.583 ± 0.013	3.064ProGly: 3.064 ± 0.047	1.392ProHis: 1.392 ± 0.014	2.473ProIle: 2.473 ± 0.023	2.981ProLys: 2.981 ± 0.03	4.474ProLeu: 4.474 ± 0.026	1.104ProMet: 1.104 ± 0.013	2.488ProAsn: 2.488 ± 0.016	4.846ProPro: 4.846 ± 0.057	2.855ProGln: 2.855 ± 0.024	2.45ProArg: 2.45 ± 0.019	4.242ProSer: 4.242 ± 0.035	3.729ProThr: 3.729 ± 0.031	3.151ProVal: 3.151 ± 0.028	0.438ProTrp: 0.438 ± 0.007	1.474ProTyr: 1.474 ± 0.014	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.621GlnAla: 3.621 ± 0.024	0.853GlnCys: 0.853 ± 0.019	1.846GlnAsp: 1.846 ± 0.014	2.907GlnGlu: 2.907 ± 0.025	1.522GlnPhe: 1.522 ± 0.013	1.921GlnGly: 1.921 ± 0.018	1.975GlnHis: 1.975 ± 0.019	2.203GlnIle: 2.203 ± 0.015	2.557GlnLys: 2.557 ± 0.023	6.166GlnLeu: 6.166 ± 0.04	1.245GlnMet: 1.245 ± 0.014	1.998GlnAsn: 1.998 ± 0.017	3.232GlnPro: 3.232 ± 0.037	9.477GlnGln: 9.477 ± 0.149	3.588GlnArg: 3.588 ± 0.028	3.566GlnSer: 3.566 ± 0.024	2.667GlnThr: 2.667 ± 0.019	2.388GlnVal: 2.388 ± 0.017	0.43GlnTrp: 0.43 ± 0.006	1.335GlnTyr: 1.335 ± 0.011	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Arg	3.632ArgAla: 3.632 ± 0.02	1.098ArgCys: 1.098 ± 0.019	2.764ArgAsp: 2.764 ± 0.018	3.478ArgGlu: 3.478 ± 0.024	1.912ArgPhe: 1.912 ± 0.014	2.726ArgGly: 2.726 ± 0.02	1.579ArgHis: 1.579 ± 0.014	2.841ArgIle: 2.841 ± 0.019	3.38ArgLys: 3.38 ± 0.021	5.122ArgLeu: 5.122 ± 0.032	1.175ArgMet: 1.175 ± 0.012	2.758ArgAsn: 2.758 ± 0.016	2.762ArgPro: 2.762 ± 0.038	3.021ArgGln: 3.021 ± 0.021	4.363ArgArg: 4.363 ± 0.036	4.267ArgSer: 4.267 ± 0.026	2.753ArgThr: 2.753 ± 0.017	2.885ArgVal: 2.885 ± 0.022	0.541ArgTrp: 0.541 ± 0.007	1.7ArgTyr: 1.7 ± 0.016	0.002ArgXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Ser	6.148SerAla: 6.148 ± 0.035	1.503SerCys: 1.503 ± 0.024	4.05SerAsp: 4.05 ± 0.03	4.392SerGlu: 4.392 ± 0.025	2.595SerPhe: 2.595 ± 0.019	5.278SerGly: 5.278 ± 0.029	1.835SerHis: 1.835 ± 0.015	3.818SerIle: 3.818 ± 0.022	4.013SerLys: 4.013 ± 0.025	6.656SerLeu: 6.656 ± 0.033	1.749SerMet: 1.749 ± 0.014	4.373SerAsn: 4.373 ± 0.034	4.442SerPro: 4.442 ± 0.038	3.414SerGln: 3.414 ± 0.025	3.791SerArg: 3.791 ± 0.027	10.005SerSer: 10.005 ± 0.088	5.391SerThr: 5.391 ± 0.041	4.425SerVal: 4.425 ± 0.026	0.762SerTrp: 0.762 ± 0.009	2.289SerTyr: 2.289 ± 0.015	0.003SerXaa: 0.003 ± 0.001
Thr	5.156ThrAla: 5.156 ± 0.032	1.031ThrCys: 1.031 ± 0.017	2.763ThrAsp: 2.763 ± 0.02	3.393ThrGlu: 3.393 ± 0.027	1.847ThrPhe: 1.847 ± 0.016	3.36ThrGly: 3.36 ± 0.024	1.433ThrHis: 1.433 ± 0.014	2.916ThrIle: 2.916 ± 0.021	2.857ThrLys: 2.857 ± 0.023	5.168ThrLeu: 5.168 ± 0.027	1.239ThrMet: 1.239 ± 0.012	2.647ThrAsn: 2.647 ± 0.017	4.046ThrPro: 4.046 ± 0.033	2.568ThrGln: 2.568 ± 0.019	2.621ThrArg: 2.621 ± 0.019	4.757ThrSer: 4.757 ± 0.035	5.296ThrThr: 5.296 ± 0.069	3.491ThrVal: 3.491 ± 0.023	0.521ThrTrp: 0.521 ± 0.008	1.507ThrTyr: 1.507 ± 0.013	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.62ValAla: 4.62 ± 0.028	1.186ValCys: 1.186 ± 0.017	3.119ValAsp: 3.119 ± 0.02	3.767ValGlu: 3.767 ± 0.037	1.972ValPhe: 1.972 ± 0.016	3.305ValGly: 3.305 ± 0.022	1.505ValHis: 1.505 ± 0.012	2.924ValIle: 2.924 ± 0.024	3.045ValLys: 3.045 ± 0.026	5.348ValLeu: 5.348 ± 0.032	1.259ValMet: 1.259 ± 0.012	2.69ValAsn: 2.69 ± 0.022	3.243ValPro: 3.243 ± 0.024	2.707ValGln: 2.707 ± 0.018	3.063ValArg: 3.063 ± 0.019	4.114ValSer: 4.114 ± 0.023	3.225ValThr: 3.225 ± 0.022	3.779ValVal: 3.779 ± 0.026	0.564ValTrp: 0.564 ± 0.008	1.695ValTyr: 1.695 ± 0.015	0.002ValXaa: 0.002 ± 0.0
Trp	0.551TrpAla: 0.551 ± 0.008	0.192TrpCys: 0.192 ± 0.004	0.509TrpAsp: 0.509 ± 0.008	0.516TrpGlu: 0.516 ± 0.009	0.398TrpPhe: 0.398 ± 0.007	0.471TrpGly: 0.471 ± 0.007	0.293TrpHis: 0.293 ± 0.006	0.512TrpIle: 0.512 ± 0.008	0.551TrpLys: 0.551 ± 0.008	1.118TrpLeu: 1.118 ± 0.011	0.248TrpMet: 0.248 ± 0.005	0.506TrpAsn: 0.506 ± 0.008	0.395TrpPro: 0.395 ± 0.007	0.546TrpGln: 0.546 ± 0.008	0.661TrpArg: 0.661 ± 0.008	0.74TrpSer: 0.74 ± 0.01	0.584TrpThr: 0.584 ± 0.009	0.522TrpVal: 0.522 ± 0.008	0.161TrpTrp: 0.161 ± 0.004	0.351TrpTyr: 0.351 ± 0.007	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.065TyrAla: 2.065 ± 0.016	0.699TyrCys: 0.699 ± 0.009	1.717TyrAsp: 1.717 ± 0.013	1.886TyrGlu: 1.886 ± 0.016	1.261TyrPhe: 1.261 ± 0.013	1.862TyrGly: 1.862 ± 0.018	0.803TyrHis: 0.803 ± 0.009	1.536TyrIle: 1.536 ± 0.017	1.661TyrLys: 1.661 ± 0.017	2.611TyrLeu: 2.611 ± 0.02	0.781TyrMet: 0.781 ± 0.009	1.527TyrAsn: 1.527 ± 0.012	1.293TyrPro: 1.293 ± 0.015	1.404TyrGln: 1.404 ± 0.013	1.697TyrArg: 1.697 ± 0.016	2.142TyrSer: 2.142 ± 0.017	1.708TyrThr: 1.708 ± 0.014	1.796TyrVal: 1.796 ± 0.015	0.362TyrTrp: 0.362 ± 0.007	1.171TyrTyr: 1.171 ± 0.012	0.001TyrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaCys: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsp: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGlu: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPhe: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGly: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.003XaaHis: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.003XaaLeu: 0.003 ± 0.0	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaAsn: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.002XaaPro: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaGln: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.002XaaArg: 0.002 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaVal: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaTyr: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.005XaaXaa: 0.005 ± 0.002

Statistics based on 18316 proteins (11705031 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

---