Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Fulmarus glacialis (Northern fulmar)

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	5.615AlaAla: 5.615 ± 0.061	1.311AlaCys: 1.311 ± 0.026	2.947AlaAsp: 2.947 ± 0.035	4.528AlaGlu: 4.528 ± 0.042	2.662AlaPhe: 2.662 ± 0.03	3.804AlaGly: 3.804 ± 0.044	1.359AlaHis: 1.359 ± 0.025	3.129AlaIle: 3.129 ± 0.035	3.729AlaLys: 3.729 ± 0.037	6.437AlaLeu: 6.437 ± 0.063	1.568AlaMet: 1.568 ± 0.021	2.285AlaAsn: 2.285 ± 0.026	2.891AlaPro: 2.891 ± 0.046	2.688AlaGln: 2.688 ± 0.035	2.919AlaArg: 2.919 ± 0.034	5.101AlaSer: 5.101 ± 0.043	3.344AlaThr: 3.344 ± 0.036	4.87AlaVal: 4.87 ± 0.045	0.69AlaTrp: 0.69 ± 0.017	1.644AlaTyr: 1.644 ± 0.022	0.001AlaXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Cys	1.164CysAla: 1.164 ± 0.023	0.658CysCys: 0.658 ± 0.021	1.038CysAsp: 1.038 ± 0.024	1.289CysGlu: 1.289 ± 0.026	0.935CysPhe: 0.935 ± 0.018	1.454CysGly: 1.454 ± 0.027	0.638CysHis: 0.638 ± 0.015	1.195CysIle: 1.195 ± 0.026	1.341CysLys: 1.341 ± 0.025	2.167CysLeu: 2.167 ± 0.027	0.48CysMet: 0.48 ± 0.013	0.96CysAsn: 0.96 ± 0.022	1.24CysPro: 1.24 ± 0.027	1.055CysGln: 1.055 ± 0.023	1.196CysArg: 1.196 ± 0.02	1.99CysSer: 1.99 ± 0.03	1.208CysThr: 1.208 ± 0.023	1.34CysVal: 1.34 ± 0.025	0.293CysTrp: 0.293 ± 0.01	0.666CysTyr: 0.666 ± 0.017	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	2.959AspAla: 2.959 ± 0.03	1.09AspCys: 1.09 ± 0.022	2.878AspAsp: 2.878 ± 0.049	3.651AspGlu: 3.651 ± 0.04	2.27AspPhe: 2.27 ± 0.027	3.243AspGly: 3.243 ± 0.036	1.199AspHis: 1.199 ± 0.018	3.044AspIle: 3.044 ± 0.032	2.831AspLys: 2.831 ± 0.033	5.057AspLeu: 5.057 ± 0.037	1.166AspMet: 1.166 ± 0.02	1.966AspAsn: 1.966 ± 0.028	2.678AspPro: 2.678 ± 0.03	1.858AspGln: 1.858 ± 0.026	2.319AspArg: 2.319 ± 0.032	4.106AspSer: 4.106 ± 0.039	2.504AspThr: 2.504 ± 0.025	3.244AspVal: 3.244 ± 0.03	0.656AspTrp: 0.656 ± 0.015	1.662AspTyr: 1.662 ± 0.024	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	4.614GluAla: 4.614 ± 0.046	1.29GluCys: 1.29 ± 0.025	4.491GluAsp: 4.491 ± 0.04	7.83GluGlu: 7.83 ± 0.099	2.255GluPhe: 2.255 ± 0.027	3.851GluGly: 3.851 ± 0.038	1.555GluHis: 1.555 ± 0.025	3.6GluIle: 3.6 ± 0.037	5.785GluLys: 5.785 ± 0.066	6.338GluLeu: 6.338 ± 0.07	1.823GluMet: 1.823 ± 0.028	3.528GluAsn: 3.528 ± 0.037	2.498GluPro: 2.498 ± 0.03	3.202GluGln: 3.202 ± 0.039	3.81GluArg: 3.81 ± 0.05	4.538GluSer: 4.538 ± 0.04	3.584GluThr: 3.584 ± 0.037	4.421GluVal: 4.421 ± 0.036	0.725GluTrp: 0.725 ± 0.016	1.847GluTyr: 1.847 ± 0.024	0.001GluXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Phe	2.18PheAla: 2.18 ± 0.027	1.029PheCys: 1.029 ± 0.021	1.845PheAsp: 1.845 ± 0.023	2.187PheGlu: 2.187 ± 0.028	1.909PhePhe: 1.909 ± 0.033	2.328PheGly: 2.328 ± 0.036	1.072PheHis: 1.072 ± 0.023	2.143PheIle: 2.143 ± 0.032	2.179PheLys: 2.179 ± 0.03	4.282PheLeu: 4.282 ± 0.049	0.817PheMet: 0.817 ± 0.015	1.586PheAsn: 1.586 ± 0.025	1.928PhePro: 1.928 ± 0.027	1.841PheGln: 1.841 ± 0.025	1.964PheArg: 1.964 ± 0.027	3.52PheSer: 3.52 ± 0.036	2.311PheThr: 2.311 ± 0.031	2.414PheVal: 2.414 ± 0.031	0.527PheTrp: 0.527 ± 0.014	1.337PheTyr: 1.337 ± 0.024	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	3.396GlyAla: 3.396 ± 0.043	1.232GlyCys: 1.232 ± 0.027	2.956GlyAsp: 2.956 ± 0.035	3.674GlyGlu: 3.674 ± 0.046	2.504GlyPhe: 2.504 ± 0.037	3.795GlyGly: 3.795 ± 0.058	1.476GlyHis: 1.476 ± 0.024	3.138GlyIle: 3.138 ± 0.036	4.029GlyLys: 4.029 ± 0.044	5.089GlyLeu: 5.089 ± 0.056	1.387GlyMet: 1.387 ± 0.023	2.614GlyAsn: 2.614 ± 0.033	2.641GlyPro: 2.641 ± 0.063	2.521GlyGln: 2.521 ± 0.033	3.108GlyArg: 3.108 ± 0.039	4.999GlySer: 4.999 ± 0.05	3.374GlyThr: 3.374 ± 0.039	3.442GlyVal: 3.442 ± 0.034	0.746GlyTrp: 0.746 ± 0.016	1.902GlyTyr: 1.902 ± 0.029	0.001GlyXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
His	1.324HisAla: 1.324 ± 0.02	0.706HisCys: 0.706 ± 0.018	0.936HisAsp: 0.936 ± 0.015	1.359HisGlu: 1.359 ± 0.022	1.122HisPhe: 1.122 ± 0.019	1.466HisGly: 1.466 ± 0.023	0.851HisHis: 0.851 ± 0.023	1.348HisIle: 1.348 ± 0.02	1.406HisLys: 1.406 ± 0.022	2.803HisLeu: 2.803 ± 0.031	0.602HisMet: 0.602 ± 0.014	1.01HisAsn: 1.01 ± 0.018	1.489HisPro: 1.489 ± 0.024	1.197HisGln: 1.197 ± 0.021	1.426HisArg: 1.426 ± 0.021	2.171HisSer: 2.171 ± 0.028	1.306HisThr: 1.306 ± 0.02	1.572HisVal: 1.572 ± 0.023	0.4HisTrp: 0.4 ± 0.011	0.866HisTyr: 0.866 ± 0.018	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	3.067IleAla: 3.067 ± 0.034	1.244IleCys: 1.244 ± 0.025	2.382IleAsp: 2.382 ± 0.03	2.93IleGlu: 2.93 ± 0.032	2.229IlePhe: 2.229 ± 0.034	2.542IleGly: 2.542 ± 0.032	1.428IleHis: 1.428 ± 0.02	2.816IleIle: 2.816 ± 0.035	3.145IleLys: 3.145 ± 0.033	5.046IleLeu: 5.046 ± 0.045	1.101IleMet: 1.101 ± 0.021	2.241IleAsn: 2.241 ± 0.03	2.893IlePro: 2.893 ± 0.034	2.504IleGln: 2.504 ± 0.025	2.594IleArg: 2.594 ± 0.028	4.212IleSer: 4.212 ± 0.033	2.899IleThr: 2.899 ± 0.029	3.009IleVal: 3.009 ± 0.038	0.597IleTrp: 0.597 ± 0.015	1.633IleTyr: 1.633 ± 0.025	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.115LysAla: 4.115 ± 0.04	1.253LysCys: 1.253 ± 0.025	3.494LysAsp: 3.494 ± 0.038	5.744LysGlu: 5.744 ± 0.063	1.976LysPhe: 1.976 ± 0.026	3.444LysGly: 3.444 ± 0.05	1.649LysHis: 1.649 ± 0.023	3.272LysIle: 3.272 ± 0.035	5.557LysLys: 5.557 ± 0.069	5.874LysLeu: 5.874 ± 0.056	1.591LysMet: 1.591 ± 0.023	2.878LysAsn: 2.878 ± 0.032	3.091LysPro: 3.091 ± 0.042	3.014LysGln: 3.014 ± 0.036	3.551LysArg: 3.551 ± 0.04	4.359LysSer: 4.359 ± 0.046	3.499LysThr: 3.499 ± 0.04	3.824LysVal: 3.824 ± 0.04	0.689LysTrp: 0.689 ± 0.014	1.918LysTyr: 1.918 ± 0.027	0.001LysXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Leu	6.212LeuAla: 6.212 ± 0.055	2.224LeuCys: 2.224 ± 0.033	4.925LeuAsp: 4.925 ± 0.044	7.037LeuGlu: 7.037 ± 0.068	3.659LeuPhe: 3.659 ± 0.04	5.17LeuGly: 5.17 ± 0.05	2.646LeuHis: 2.646 ± 0.029	4.349LeuIle: 4.349 ± 0.044	6.519LeuLys: 6.519 ± 0.057	10.075LeuLeu: 10.075 ± 0.094	2.06LeuMet: 2.06 ± 0.031	3.92LeuAsn: 3.92 ± 0.033	5.375LeuPro: 5.375 ± 0.053	5.573LeuGln: 5.573 ± 0.054	5.106LeuArg: 5.106 ± 0.047	7.848LeuSer: 7.848 ± 0.056	5.047LeuThr: 5.047 ± 0.045	5.535LeuVal: 5.535 ± 0.052	1.078LeuTrp: 1.078 ± 0.022	2.805LeuTyr: 2.805 ± 0.033	0.001LeuXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Met	1.648MetAla: 1.648 ± 0.023	0.453MetCys: 0.453 ± 0.012	1.33MetAsp: 1.33 ± 0.018	1.904MetGlu: 1.904 ± 0.029	0.848MetPhe: 0.848 ± 0.019	1.275MetGly: 1.275 ± 0.023	0.542MetHis: 0.542 ± 0.013	1.002MetIle: 1.002 ± 0.016	1.626MetLys: 1.626 ± 0.026	2.122MetLeu: 2.122 ± 0.026	0.63MetMet: 0.63 ± 0.013	1.036MetAsn: 1.036 ± 0.021	1.083MetPro: 1.083 ± 0.021	1.071MetGln: 1.071 ± 0.021	1.11MetArg: 1.11 ± 0.021	1.574MetSer: 1.574 ± 0.022	1.19MetThr: 1.19 ± 0.02	1.457MetVal: 1.457 ± 0.022	0.258MetTrp: 0.258 ± 0.009	0.667MetTyr: 0.667 ± 0.014	0.001MetXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Asn	2.4AsnAla: 2.4 ± 0.031	1.003AsnCys: 1.003 ± 0.021	1.75AsnAsp: 1.75 ± 0.028	2.667AsnGlu: 2.667 ± 0.028	1.669AsnPhe: 1.669 ± 0.023	2.82AsnGly: 2.82 ± 0.036	1.025AsnHis: 1.025 ± 0.017	2.574AsnIle: 2.574 ± 0.028	2.674AsnLys: 2.674 ± 0.032	4.155AsnLeu: 4.155 ± 0.043	1.035AsnMet: 1.035 ± 0.016	1.874AsnAsn: 1.874 ± 0.03	2.297AsnPro: 2.297 ± 0.032	1.768AsnGln: 1.768 ± 0.027	2.086AsnArg: 2.086 ± 0.024	3.553AsnSer: 3.553 ± 0.038	2.278AsnThr: 2.278 ± 0.031	2.509AsnVal: 2.509 ± 0.027	0.511AsnTrp: 0.511 ± 0.012	1.348AsnTyr: 1.348 ± 0.023	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	3.637ProAla: 3.637 ± 0.047	1.046ProCys: 1.046 ± 0.027	2.591ProAsp: 2.591 ± 0.03	3.857ProGlu: 3.857 ± 0.036	1.925ProPhe: 1.925 ± 0.024	3.518ProGly: 3.518 ± 0.093	1.233ProHis: 1.233 ± 0.02	1.992ProIle: 1.992 ± 0.029	2.785ProLys: 2.785 ± 0.037	4.597ProLeu: 4.597 ± 0.046	0.966ProMet: 0.966 ± 0.019	1.942ProAsn: 1.942 ± 0.028	4.189ProPro: 4.189 ± 0.085	2.355ProGln: 2.355 ± 0.036	2.482ProArg: 2.482 ± 0.034	4.918ProSer: 4.918 ± 0.057	2.684ProThr: 2.684 ± 0.034	3.748ProVal: 3.748 ± 0.043	0.568ProTrp: 0.568 ± 0.014	1.48ProTyr: 1.48 ± 0.023	0.001ProXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Gln	3.018GlnAla: 3.018 ± 0.036	0.948GlnCys: 0.948 ± 0.021	2.223GlnAsp: 2.223 ± 0.027	3.709GlnGlu: 3.709 ± 0.047	1.491GlnPhe: 1.491 ± 0.022	2.465GlnGly: 2.465 ± 0.043	1.284GlnHis: 1.284 ± 0.023	2.303GlnIle: 2.303 ± 0.026	3.21GlnLys: 3.21 ± 0.039	4.543GlnLeu: 4.543 ± 0.051	1.13GlnMet: 1.13 ± 0.02	2.041GlnAsn: 2.041 ± 0.028	2.365GlnPro: 2.365 ± 0.038	3.054GlnGln: 3.054 ± 0.069	2.637GlnArg: 2.637 ± 0.036	3.237GlnSer: 3.237 ± 0.039	2.4GlnThr: 2.4 ± 0.029	2.758GlnVal: 2.758 ± 0.031	0.521GlnTrp: 0.521 ± 0.014	1.349GlnTyr: 1.349 ± 0.021	0.001GlnXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Arg	3.009ArgAla: 3.009 ± 0.035	1.086ArgCys: 1.086 ± 0.02	2.547ArgAsp: 2.547 ± 0.031	3.745ArgGlu: 3.745 ± 0.043	1.951ArgPhe: 1.951 ± 0.028	2.803ArgGly: 2.803 ± 0.044	1.42ArgHis: 1.42 ± 0.023	2.612ArgIle: 2.612 ± 0.029	3.895ArgLys: 3.895 ± 0.042	4.927ArgLeu: 4.927 ± 0.049	1.185ArgMet: 1.185 ± 0.019	2.264ArgAsn: 2.264 ± 0.028	2.378ArgPro: 2.378 ± 0.035	2.469ArgGln: 2.469 ± 0.038	3.586ArgArg: 3.586 ± 0.044	3.874ArgSer: 3.874 ± 0.047	2.635ArgThr: 2.635 ± 0.031	2.957ArgVal: 2.957 ± 0.03	0.596ArgTrp: 0.596 ± 0.015	1.629ArgTyr: 1.629 ± 0.022	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	5.081SerAla: 5.081 ± 0.044	1.83SerCys: 1.83 ± 0.026	4.029SerAsp: 4.029 ± 0.039	5.096SerGlu: 5.096 ± 0.048	3.142SerPhe: 3.142 ± 0.038	4.886SerGly: 4.886 ± 0.052	2.027SerHis: 2.027 ± 0.029	3.637SerIle: 3.637 ± 0.034	4.601SerLys: 4.601 ± 0.052	8.06SerLeu: 8.06 ± 0.062	1.686SerMet: 1.686 ± 0.023	3.214SerAsn: 3.214 ± 0.04	5.144SerPro: 5.144 ± 0.059	3.68SerGln: 3.68 ± 0.048	3.992SerArg: 3.992 ± 0.048	9.187SerSer: 9.187 ± 0.119	4.58SerThr: 4.58 ± 0.046	5.173SerVal: 5.173 ± 0.046	0.957SerTrp: 0.957 ± 0.017	2.295SerTyr: 2.295 ± 0.03	0.001SerXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Thr	3.819ThrAla: 3.819 ± 0.038	1.319ThrCys: 1.319 ± 0.028	2.701ThrAsp: 2.701 ± 0.031	3.779ThrGlu: 3.779 ± 0.037	2.229ThrPhe: 2.229 ± 0.03	3.415ThrGly: 3.415 ± 0.041	1.191ThrHis: 1.191 ± 0.021	2.629ThrIle: 2.629 ± 0.033	2.942ThrLys: 2.942 ± 0.033	5.102ThrLeu: 5.102 ± 0.039	1.185ThrMet: 1.185 ± 0.018	1.994ThrAsn: 1.994 ± 0.027	3.125ThrPro: 3.125 ± 0.041	2.1ThrGln: 2.1 ± 0.025	2.285ThrArg: 2.285 ± 0.026	4.741ThrSer: 4.741 ± 0.057	3.009ThrThr: 3.009 ± 0.044	4.143ThrVal: 4.143 ± 0.039	0.671ThrTrp: 0.671 ± 0.016	1.594ThrTyr: 1.594 ± 0.023	0.001ThrXaa: 0.001 ± 0.0
Val	4.032ValAla: 4.032 ± 0.036	1.554ValCys: 1.554 ± 0.024	3.157ValAsp: 3.157 ± 0.033	3.972ValGlu: 3.972 ± 0.045	2.738ValPhe: 2.738 ± 0.036	3.288ValGly: 3.288 ± 0.04	1.622ValHis: 1.622 ± 0.023	3.389ValIle: 3.389 ± 0.034	3.924ValLys: 3.924 ± 0.038	6.335ValLeu: 6.335 ± 0.054	1.428ValMet: 1.428 ± 0.024	2.637ValAsn: 2.637 ± 0.029	3.399ValPro: 3.399 ± 0.041	2.828ValGln: 2.828 ± 0.03	3.0ValArg: 3.0 ± 0.035	5.06ValSer: 5.06 ± 0.045	3.835ValThr: 3.835 ± 0.045	4.284ValVal: 4.284 ± 0.041	0.725ValTrp: 0.725 ± 0.015	1.934ValTyr: 1.934 ± 0.029	0.001ValXaa: 0.001 ± 0.001
Trp	0.66TrpAla: 0.66 ± 0.014	0.254TrpCys: 0.254 ± 0.01	0.656TrpAsp: 0.656 ± 0.018	0.774TrpGlu: 0.774 ± 0.016	0.451TrpPhe: 0.451 ± 0.012	0.638TrpGly: 0.638 ± 0.019	0.309TrpHis: 0.309 ± 0.009	0.628TrpIle: 0.628 ± 0.016	0.894TrpLys: 0.894 ± 0.016	1.17TrpLeu: 1.17 ± 0.02	0.301TrpMet: 0.301 ± 0.01	0.658TrpAsn: 0.658 ± 0.018	0.434TrpPro: 0.434 ± 0.013	0.557TrpGln: 0.557 ± 0.012	0.653TrpArg: 0.653 ± 0.016	0.878TrpSer: 0.878 ± 0.019	0.643TrpThr: 0.643 ± 0.015	0.672TrpVal: 0.672 ± 0.014	0.198TrpTrp: 0.198 ± 0.009	0.375TrpTyr: 0.375 ± 0.013	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	1.575TyrAla: 1.575 ± 0.023	0.781TyrCys: 0.781 ± 0.015	1.506TyrAsp: 1.506 ± 0.023	1.855TyrGlu: 1.855 ± 0.028	1.433TyrPhe: 1.433 ± 0.024	1.818TyrGly: 1.818 ± 0.026	0.834TyrHis: 0.834 ± 0.018	1.707TyrIle: 1.707 ± 0.024	1.719TyrLys: 1.719 ± 0.024	2.98TyrLeu: 2.98 ± 0.037	0.685TyrMet: 0.685 ± 0.016	1.345TyrAsn: 1.345 ± 0.02	1.375TyrPro: 1.375 ± 0.02	1.349TyrGln: 1.349 ± 0.022	1.744TyrArg: 1.744 ± 0.025	2.432TyrSer: 2.432 ± 0.028	1.646TyrThr: 1.646 ± 0.023	1.767TyrVal: 1.767 ± 0.025	0.398TyrTrp: 0.398 ± 0.011	1.138TyrTyr: 1.138 ± 0.021	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaHis: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaIle: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaLys: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.003XaaLeu: 0.003 ± 0.001	0.001XaaMet: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.001XaaPro: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaGln: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.001XaaArg: 0.001 ± 0.0	0.001XaaSer: 0.001 ± 0.001	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.052XaaXaa: 0.052 ± 0.01

Statistics based on 8115 proteins (3363607 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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