Amino acid dipepetide frequency for Betaproteobacteria bacterium GR16-43

Apart from single amino acid frequencies one can also calculate so called amino acid dipeptide frequency.

There is 400 possibilites (441 if we consider Xaa as additional 21st amino acid representing all non-standard or unknown amino acids). Thus, if the dipeptides would be present randomly in proteins each amino acid dipeptide should be present with 0.25% frequency. As it is not the case in the nature, for better visablity all more than expected dipepetides are marked by red, and those which are underrepresented are marked by blue in the table.

All values are presented as per milles (‰), therefore need to be multiplied by 10^-3.

For more information see sequence space article on Wikipedia.

	Ala	Cys	Asp	Glu	Phe	Gly	His	Ile	Lys	Leu	Met	Asn	Pro	Gln	Arg	Ser	Thr	Val	Trp	Tyr	Xaa
Ala	17.355AlaAla: 17.355 ± 0.192	1.219AlaCys: 1.219 ± 0.037	5.939AlaAsp: 5.939 ± 0.075	6.566AlaGlu: 6.566 ± 0.095	4.895AlaPhe: 4.895 ± 0.069	10.821AlaGly: 10.821 ± 0.155	2.303AlaHis: 2.303 ± 0.048	6.211AlaIle: 6.211 ± 0.064	5.346AlaLys: 5.346 ± 0.079	13.402AlaLeu: 13.402 ± 0.173	3.383AlaMet: 3.383 ± 0.049	3.405AlaAsn: 3.405 ± 0.068	6.142AlaPro: 6.142 ± 0.077	4.062AlaGln: 4.062 ± 0.063	8.866AlaArg: 8.866 ± 0.113	7.123AlaSer: 7.123 ± 0.099	6.937AlaThr: 6.937 ± 0.163	8.727AlaVal: 8.727 ± 0.085	1.877AlaTrp: 1.877 ± 0.041	2.809AlaTyr: 2.809 ± 0.058	0.0AlaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Cys	1.092CysAla: 1.092 ± 0.05	0.107CysCys: 0.107 ± 0.009	0.479CysAsp: 0.479 ± 0.02	0.486CysGlu: 0.486 ± 0.018	0.276CysPhe: 0.276 ± 0.015	0.902CysGly: 0.902 ± 0.025	0.287CysHis: 0.287 ± 0.024	0.34CysIle: 0.34 ± 0.016	0.236CysLys: 0.236 ± 0.013	0.719CysLeu: 0.719 ± 0.033	0.155CysMet: 0.155 ± 0.009	0.217CysAsn: 0.217 ± 0.012	0.425CysPro: 0.425 ± 0.017	0.171CysGln: 0.171 ± 0.011	0.548CysArg: 0.548 ± 0.02	0.459CysSer: 0.459 ± 0.02	0.544CysThr: 0.544 ± 0.038	0.681CysVal: 0.681 ± 0.024	0.113CysTrp: 0.113 ± 0.019	0.201CysTyr: 0.201 ± 0.012	0.0CysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asp	6.869AspAla: 6.869 ± 0.096	0.411AspCys: 0.411 ± 0.019	2.522AspAsp: 2.522 ± 0.058	3.057AspGlu: 3.057 ± 0.057	2.323AspPhe: 2.323 ± 0.045	5.21AspGly: 5.21 ± 0.119	0.981AspHis: 0.981 ± 0.025	2.231AspIle: 2.231 ± 0.052	1.774AspLys: 1.774 ± 0.042	5.334AspLeu: 5.334 ± 0.087	1.036AspMet: 1.036 ± 0.025	1.218AspAsn: 1.218 ± 0.033	3.366AspPro: 3.366 ± 0.047	1.321AspGln: 1.321 ± 0.03	3.842AspArg: 3.842 ± 0.055	2.257AspSer: 2.257 ± 0.039	2.426AspThr: 2.426 ± 0.047	4.12AspVal: 4.12 ± 0.056	0.838AspTrp: 0.838 ± 0.025	1.352AspTyr: 1.352 ± 0.033	0.0AspXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Glu	7.487GluAla: 7.487 ± 0.112	0.389GluCys: 0.389 ± 0.017	2.367GluAsp: 2.367 ± 0.045	2.823GluGlu: 2.823 ± 0.054	1.962GluPhe: 1.962 ± 0.038	4.478GluGly: 4.478 ± 0.068	1.193GluHis: 1.193 ± 0.029	2.944GluIle: 2.944 ± 0.046	2.554GluLys: 2.554 ± 0.058	5.252GluLeu: 5.252 ± 0.076	1.387GluMet: 1.387 ± 0.032	1.439GluAsn: 1.439 ± 0.032	2.612GluPro: 2.612 ± 0.045	1.867GluGln: 1.867 ± 0.035	5.003GluArg: 5.003 ± 0.083	2.921GluSer: 2.921 ± 0.055	2.708GluThr: 2.708 ± 0.054	4.23GluVal: 4.23 ± 0.067	0.758GluTrp: 0.758 ± 0.021	1.219GluTyr: 1.219 ± 0.029	0.0GluXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Phe	4.894PheAla: 4.894 ± 0.069	0.334PheCys: 0.334 ± 0.016	2.525PheAsp: 2.525 ± 0.048	2.255PheGlu: 2.255 ± 0.04	1.513PhePhe: 1.513 ± 0.035	3.523PheGly: 3.523 ± 0.059	0.823PheHis: 0.823 ± 0.024	1.619PheIle: 1.619 ± 0.035	1.198PheLys: 1.198 ± 0.033	3.44PheLeu: 3.44 ± 0.055	0.738PheMet: 0.738 ± 0.024	1.22PheAsn: 1.22 ± 0.032	1.789PhePro: 1.789 ± 0.037	1.059PheGln: 1.059 ± 0.027	2.28PheArg: 2.28 ± 0.05	2.196PheSer: 2.196 ± 0.042	2.457PheThr: 2.457 ± 0.082	3.103PheVal: 3.103 ± 0.051	0.496PheTrp: 0.496 ± 0.023	0.917PheTyr: 0.917 ± 0.028	0.0PheXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gly	9.455GlyAla: 9.455 ± 0.095	0.883GlyCys: 0.883 ± 0.033	4.434GlyAsp: 4.434 ± 0.074	4.721GlyGlu: 4.721 ± 0.072	3.56GlyPhe: 3.56 ± 0.054	7.282GlyGly: 7.282 ± 0.104	1.772GlyHis: 1.772 ± 0.042	4.168GlyIle: 4.168 ± 0.056	3.972GlyLys: 3.972 ± 0.066	8.096GlyLeu: 8.096 ± 0.089	2.086GlyMet: 2.086 ± 0.049	2.561GlyAsn: 2.561 ± 0.064	3.488GlyPro: 3.488 ± 0.057	2.566GlyGln: 2.566 ± 0.044	5.754GlyArg: 5.754 ± 0.08	5.095GlySer: 5.095 ± 0.08	5.752GlyThr: 5.752 ± 0.138	6.65GlyVal: 6.65 ± 0.077	1.499GlyTrp: 1.499 ± 0.038	2.4GlyTyr: 2.4 ± 0.04	0.0GlyXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
His	2.57HisAla: 2.57 ± 0.046	0.234HisCys: 0.234 ± 0.013	1.077HisAsp: 1.077 ± 0.03	1.091HisGlu: 1.091 ± 0.024	0.928HisPhe: 0.928 ± 0.028	1.849HisGly: 1.849 ± 0.048	0.531HisHis: 0.531 ± 0.019	0.752HisIle: 0.752 ± 0.024	0.511HisLys: 0.511 ± 0.02	1.919HisLeu: 1.919 ± 0.04	0.386HisMet: 0.386 ± 0.017	0.421HisAsn: 0.421 ± 0.018	1.342HisPro: 1.342 ± 0.033	0.508HisGln: 0.508 ± 0.019	1.372HisArg: 1.372 ± 0.032	0.863HisSer: 0.863 ± 0.024	0.97HisThr: 0.97 ± 0.034	1.691HisVal: 1.691 ± 0.042	0.321HisTrp: 0.321 ± 0.015	0.558HisTyr: 0.558 ± 0.019	0.0HisXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ile	6.779IleAla: 6.779 ± 0.07	0.381IleCys: 0.381 ± 0.017	2.986IleAsp: 2.986 ± 0.044	3.075IleGlu: 3.075 ± 0.055	1.44IlePhe: 1.44 ± 0.033	4.079IleGly: 4.079 ± 0.064	0.848IleHis: 0.848 ± 0.026	1.387IleIle: 1.387 ± 0.039	1.326IleLys: 1.326 ± 0.035	3.986IleLeu: 3.986 ± 0.056	0.623IleMet: 0.623 ± 0.024	1.181IleAsn: 1.181 ± 0.028	2.442IlePro: 2.442 ± 0.046	1.226IleGln: 1.226 ± 0.033	2.7IleArg: 2.7 ± 0.046	2.211IleSer: 2.211 ± 0.044	2.606IleThr: 2.606 ± 0.069	4.086IleVal: 4.086 ± 0.053	0.477IleTrp: 0.477 ± 0.021	1.03IleTyr: 1.03 ± 0.027	0.0IleXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Lys	4.813LysAla: 4.813 ± 0.082	0.226LysCys: 0.226 ± 0.015	2.121LysAsp: 2.121 ± 0.049	1.946LysGlu: 1.946 ± 0.049	1.149LysPhe: 1.149 ± 0.03	2.935LysGly: 2.935 ± 0.061	0.798LysHis: 0.798 ± 0.025	1.685LysIle: 1.685 ± 0.039	1.821LysLys: 1.821 ± 0.051	3.972LysLeu: 3.972 ± 0.065	1.001LysMet: 1.001 ± 0.029	1.047LysAsn: 1.047 ± 0.032	2.521LysPro: 2.521 ± 0.049	1.207LysGln: 1.207 ± 0.029	2.883LysArg: 2.883 ± 0.055	2.095LysSer: 2.095 ± 0.042	2.055LysThr: 2.055 ± 0.046	3.064LysVal: 3.064 ± 0.054	0.433LysTrp: 0.433 ± 0.017	0.826LysTyr: 0.826 ± 0.023	0.0LysXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Leu	14.396LeuAla: 14.396 ± 0.155	0.745LeuCys: 0.745 ± 0.027	5.558LeuAsp: 5.558 ± 0.07	5.872LeuGlu: 5.872 ± 0.087	3.556LeuPhe: 3.556 ± 0.06	8.209LeuGly: 8.209 ± 0.083	1.851LeuHis: 1.851 ± 0.04	3.454LeuIle: 3.454 ± 0.061	3.73LeuLys: 3.73 ± 0.07	9.221LeuLeu: 9.221 ± 0.136	2.146LeuMet: 2.146 ± 0.045	2.542LeuAsn: 2.542 ± 0.048	5.35LeuPro: 5.35 ± 0.063	2.915LeuGln: 2.915 ± 0.043	6.879LeuArg: 6.879 ± 0.087	5.32LeuSer: 5.32 ± 0.067	5.042LeuThr: 5.042 ± 0.073	7.999LeuVal: 7.999 ± 0.083	1.261LeuTrp: 1.261 ± 0.038	2.139LeuTyr: 2.139 ± 0.038	0.0LeuXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Met	2.7MetAla: 2.7 ± 0.046	0.144MetCys: 0.144 ± 0.009	1.141MetAsp: 1.141 ± 0.029	1.082MetGlu: 1.082 ± 0.029	0.677MetPhe: 0.677 ± 0.023	1.777MetGly: 1.777 ± 0.039	0.435MetHis: 0.435 ± 0.017	1.002MetIle: 1.002 ± 0.03	1.334MetLys: 1.334 ± 0.03	2.23MetLeu: 2.23 ± 0.043	0.542MetMet: 0.542 ± 0.021	1.028MetAsn: 1.028 ± 0.028	1.399MetPro: 1.399 ± 0.03	0.792MetGln: 0.792 ± 0.024	1.732MetArg: 1.732 ± 0.042	1.318MetSer: 1.318 ± 0.029	1.483MetThr: 1.483 ± 0.031	1.591MetVal: 1.591 ± 0.037	0.211MetTrp: 0.211 ± 0.012	0.372MetTyr: 0.372 ± 0.016	0.0MetXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Asn	3.725AsnAla: 3.725 ± 0.121	0.268AsnCys: 0.268 ± 0.014	1.379AsnAsp: 1.379 ± 0.033	1.323AsnGlu: 1.323 ± 0.032	1.066AsnPhe: 1.066 ± 0.029	2.774AsnGly: 2.774 ± 0.081	0.479AsnHis: 0.479 ± 0.018	1.252AsnIle: 1.252 ± 0.034	0.821AsnLys: 0.821 ± 0.024	2.762AsnLeu: 2.762 ± 0.044	0.504AsnMet: 0.504 ± 0.019	0.825AsnAsn: 0.825 ± 0.034	2.072AsnPro: 2.072 ± 0.065	0.76AsnGln: 0.76 ± 0.03	1.758AsnArg: 1.758 ± 0.032	1.287AsnSer: 1.287 ± 0.051	1.607AsnThr: 1.607 ± 0.06	2.358AsnVal: 2.358 ± 0.045	0.384AsnTrp: 0.384 ± 0.015	0.739AsnTyr: 0.739 ± 0.022	0.0AsnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Pro	7.142ProAla: 7.142 ± 0.122	0.323ProCys: 0.323 ± 0.016	3.287ProAsp: 3.287 ± 0.048	3.57ProGlu: 3.57 ± 0.06	1.941ProPhe: 1.941 ± 0.039	4.96ProGly: 4.96 ± 0.067	0.961ProHis: 0.961 ± 0.027	2.184ProIle: 2.184 ± 0.039	2.128ProLys: 2.128 ± 0.049	4.528ProLeu: 4.528 ± 0.061	1.313ProMet: 1.313 ± 0.028	1.504ProAsn: 1.504 ± 0.036	2.943ProPro: 2.943 ± 0.061	1.603ProGln: 1.603 ± 0.037	3.111ProArg: 3.111 ± 0.059	2.803ProSer: 2.803 ± 0.046	2.755ProThr: 2.755 ± 0.052	4.411ProVal: 4.411 ± 0.058	0.768ProTrp: 0.768 ± 0.024	1.189ProTyr: 1.189 ± 0.029	0.0ProXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Gln	3.891GlnAla: 3.891 ± 0.06	0.263GlnCys: 0.263 ± 0.017	1.313GlnAsp: 1.313 ± 0.027	1.344GlnGlu: 1.344 ± 0.031	1.11GlnPhe: 1.11 ± 0.028	2.481GlnGly: 2.481 ± 0.044	0.616GlnHis: 0.616 ± 0.021	1.326GlnIle: 1.326 ± 0.035	1.082GlnLys: 1.082 ± 0.033	2.928GlnLeu: 2.928 ± 0.039	0.758GlnMet: 0.758 ± 0.025	0.75GlnAsn: 0.75 ± 0.023	1.703GlnPro: 1.703 ± 0.03	1.106GlnGln: 1.106 ± 0.034	2.402GlnArg: 2.402 ± 0.05	1.652GlnSer: 1.652 ± 0.043	1.287GlnThr: 1.287 ± 0.033	2.708GlnVal: 2.708 ± 0.042	0.49GlnTrp: 0.49 ± 0.02	0.741GlnTyr: 0.741 ± 0.021	0.0GlnXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Arg	8.017ArgAla: 8.017 ± 0.109	0.516ArgCys: 0.516 ± 0.021	3.919ArgAsp: 3.919 ± 0.055	4.881ArgGlu: 4.881 ± 0.076	3.044ArgPhe: 3.044 ± 0.048	4.937ArgGly: 4.937 ± 0.081	1.538ArgHis: 1.538 ± 0.035	3.794ArgIle: 3.794 ± 0.064	2.54ArgLys: 2.54 ± 0.055	7.154ArgLeu: 7.154 ± 0.088	1.907ArgMet: 1.907 ± 0.039	1.923ArgAsn: 1.923 ± 0.042	3.085ArgPro: 3.085 ± 0.048	1.964ArgGln: 1.964 ± 0.04	4.863ArgArg: 4.863 ± 0.081	3.442ArgSer: 3.442 ± 0.058	3.509ArgThr: 3.509 ± 0.056	5.578ArgVal: 5.578 ± 0.063	1.005ArgTrp: 1.005 ± 0.029	1.899ArgTyr: 1.899 ± 0.031	0.0ArgXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Ser	6.113SerAla: 6.113 ± 0.102	0.519SerCys: 0.519 ± 0.058	2.481SerAsp: 2.481 ± 0.042	2.589SerGlu: 2.589 ± 0.049	2.138SerPhe: 2.138 ± 0.04	5.615SerGly: 5.615 ± 0.114	1.066SerHis: 1.066 ± 0.028	2.629SerIle: 2.629 ± 0.047	1.807SerLys: 1.807 ± 0.039	5.37SerLeu: 5.37 ± 0.069	1.281SerMet: 1.281 ± 0.029	1.526SerAsn: 1.526 ± 0.038	3.11SerPro: 3.11 ± 0.048	1.611SerGln: 1.611 ± 0.03	3.656SerArg: 3.656 ± 0.058	2.93SerSer: 2.93 ± 0.058	2.985SerThr: 2.985 ± 0.052	4.178SerVal: 4.178 ± 0.061	0.698SerTrp: 0.698 ± 0.023	1.219SerTyr: 1.219 ± 0.032	0.0SerXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Thr	5.968ThrAla: 5.968 ± 0.117	0.486ThrCys: 0.486 ± 0.025	2.646ThrAsp: 2.646 ± 0.053	2.379ThrGlu: 2.379 ± 0.042	2.325ThrPhe: 2.325 ± 0.053	5.358ThrGly: 5.358 ± 0.126	1.154ThrHis: 1.154 ± 0.028	2.682ThrIle: 2.682 ± 0.062	1.747ThrLys: 1.747 ± 0.039	6.149ThrLeu: 6.149 ± 0.098	1.205ThrMet: 1.205 ± 0.033	1.671ThrAsn: 1.671 ± 0.155	3.608ThrPro: 3.608 ± 0.066	1.705ThrGln: 1.705 ± 0.038	3.542ThrArg: 3.542 ± 0.053	2.945ThrSer: 2.945 ± 0.065	3.185ThrThr: 3.185 ± 0.125	4.574ThrVal: 4.574 ± 0.099	0.774ThrTrp: 0.774 ± 0.028	1.389ThrTyr: 1.389 ± 0.036	0.0ThrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Val	10.264ValAla: 10.264 ± 0.106	0.616ValCys: 0.616 ± 0.021	4.308ValAsp: 4.308 ± 0.062	4.684ValGlu: 4.684 ± 0.067	2.868ValPhe: 2.868 ± 0.05	5.892ValGly: 5.892 ± 0.066	1.519ValHis: 1.519 ± 0.034	3.641ValIle: 3.641 ± 0.056	3.199ValLys: 3.199 ± 0.057	7.624ValLeu: 7.624 ± 0.091	1.758ValMet: 1.758 ± 0.038	2.47ValAsn: 2.47 ± 0.064	4.245ValPro: 4.245 ± 0.051	2.23ValGln: 2.23 ± 0.041	5.319ValArg: 5.319 ± 0.064	4.36ValSer: 4.36 ± 0.056	4.974ValThr: 4.974 ± 0.115	6.728ValVal: 6.728 ± 0.08	0.944ValTrp: 0.944 ± 0.026	1.655ValTyr: 1.655 ± 0.034	0.0ValXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Trp	1.169TrpAla: 1.169 ± 0.03	0.125TrpCys: 0.125 ± 0.009	0.67TrpAsp: 0.67 ± 0.023	0.601TrpGlu: 0.601 ± 0.02	0.568TrpPhe: 0.568 ± 0.018	1.029TrpGly: 1.029 ± 0.032	0.313TrpHis: 0.313 ± 0.015	0.745TrpIle: 0.745 ± 0.022	0.665TrpLys: 0.665 ± 0.023	1.681TrpLeu: 1.681 ± 0.043	0.372TrpMet: 0.372 ± 0.017	0.479TrpAsn: 0.479 ± 0.017	0.578TrpPro: 0.578 ± 0.021	0.529TrpGln: 0.529 ± 0.023	1.14TrpArg: 1.14 ± 0.035	0.93TrpSer: 0.93 ± 0.03	0.842TrpThr: 0.842 ± 0.024	0.967TrpVal: 0.967 ± 0.026	0.268TrpTrp: 0.268 ± 0.016	0.323TrpTyr: 0.323 ± 0.016	0.0TrpXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Tyr	2.69TyrAla: 2.69 ± 0.047	0.247TyrCys: 0.247 ± 0.015	1.338TyrAsp: 1.338 ± 0.035	1.249TyrGlu: 1.249 ± 0.029	1.039TyrPhe: 1.039 ± 0.027	2.083TyrGly: 2.083 ± 0.036	0.425TyrHis: 0.425 ± 0.018	0.821TyrIle: 0.821 ± 0.024	0.809TyrLys: 0.809 ± 0.025	2.416TyrLeu: 2.416 ± 0.047	0.409TyrMet: 0.409 ± 0.015	0.716TyrAsn: 0.716 ± 0.034	1.203TyrPro: 1.203 ± 0.03	0.748TyrGln: 0.748 ± 0.025	1.864TyrArg: 1.864 ± 0.039	1.317TyrSer: 1.317 ± 0.038	1.368TyrThr: 1.368 ± 0.036	1.858TyrVal: 1.858 ± 0.036	0.379TyrTrp: 0.379 ± 0.014	0.656TyrTyr: 0.656 ± 0.027	0.0TyrXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0
Xaa	0.0XaaAla: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaCys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGlu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPhe: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGly: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaHis: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaIle: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLys: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaLeu: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaMet: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaAsn: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaPro: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaGln: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaArg: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaSer: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaThr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaVal: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTrp: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaTyr: 0.0 ± 0.0	0.0XaaXaa: 0.0 ± 0.0

Statistics based on 4404 proteins (1490001 amino acids)

Note: The error has been estimated with the bootstraping (x100) at the protein level

Above dipeptide statistics (among other stats for this proteome) you can download from this CSV file

Reference: Kozlowski LP. Proteome-pI 2.0: Proteome Isoelectric Point Database Update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021, doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab944

Contact: Lukasz P. Kozlowski

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